高三英语二轮复习 第二板块 题型三 阅读理解 词义猜测题专练（一）

系统掌握蕴含其中的马克思主义立场观点方法，要在系统学习、深刻领会、科学把握习近平教育思想上下功夫。精心组织开展学习宣传贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神知识问答活动。阅读理解词义猜测题专练(一) (题干加黑的为词义猜测题)A (2016湖南省十三校高三联考) As a star computer scientist, Cristina Fonseca had lots of job offers, but she turned them all down. She decided to start her own business Talkdesk. She lives in Portugal but does business all over the globe by using software.The global economy works well for such people.But the world of work has been less kind to other young folks. Florence Moreau, a young architect in Paris, had the double misfortune to leave university in 2009, when the world economy was on its knees; and to be French. “I really need a fulltime, permanent job，” she says. Under Frances 3,800page labour code, workers on permanent contracts receive generous benefits and are extremely hard to get rid of. So French firms have all but stopped hiring permanent staff: Fourfifths of new employees are on shortterm contracts. Ms Moreau has had eight jobs, none lasting for longer than 16 months. With a small child at home, she has to keep looking for the next one. “Its tiring，” she sighs.Joblessness matters. The longer people are out of work, the more their skills and their selfconfidence atrophy,_the less appealing they look to potential employers and the more likely they are to give up.Trade unions often favour a minimum wage. This can help those who already have jobs, but if it is set too high it can crowd out those with the fewest skills and the least experience, who tend to be young.A labour system where companies can hire and fire easily is urgently needed.Making it easier for young people to start their own business is essential, too. They may be full of energy and open to new ideas.Also, there is a huge mismatch everywhere between the skills that many young people can offer and the ones that employers need. Ms Fonseca says she cannot find the right talent for Talkdesk. As economies grow more complex, demand for practical skills will keep rising. The worlds schools are not even close to meeting it.1What can we learn about Cristina Fonseca?AShe does business only in Portugal.BWhen seeking a job, she was refused many times by employers.CHer company is not related to information technology.DShe cant find the talents she wants.2What does the underlined word “atrophy” in Paragraph 4 mean?AIncrease.BShrink.COvercome. DSurvive.3Why cant Moreau find a permanent job?AEmployers dont want to give workers good welfare.BShe didnt finish university studies.CThe world economy is booming.DThe French government hasnt taken any measures for unemployment.4Which measure is actually useless for unemployment?AMaking labour rules more flexible.BTraining students to gain skills.CRaising the minimum wage.DEncouraging young people to start companies.B (2016河南省豫东、豫北十所名校阶段性测试五) I believe in taking action to solve problems around me. Passively accepting the status quo (现状) is something that doesnt even cross my mind.My mother wrote poetry, books, and letters to the editor to try to change the world some were published; others remained manuscripts that she worked and reworked with comments from authors she respected. She did not sit still.When, at ninetythree, illness left her only a short time to live, she told me that she had submitted her recent book of poetry to a publisher but hadnt received a response from them. So I called the publisher, only to learn that the company had stopped operating for lack of money. As my mothers health was slipping quickly, there wasnt time to find a different publisher. After a few weeks of feeling helpless, I began to look for another solution.Luckily, I found a printer, who was touched by my mothers story and quickly moved into action with me. We worked together to complete the book just a few days before I left to see my mother for the last time. I handed it to her giftwrapped. Her pain medication made it hard for her to see and think clearly, and she struggled to read the title of the book I had given her. When she finally recognized her title, her face softened into a smile. “You remembered，” she said and then passed away with no regret. And then I knew she had expected all along that I wouldnt sit_on_my_hands when in trouble and take action actively.Not finding a solution wasnt an option. And this has guided me through so much of my life. I live in the world of education and opportunity. This is a daily challenge. When faced with a problem, I cant simply shrug my shoulders and say, “I dont know.” While I cant change the world alone, I cant accept the status quo, and I need to take action.5Why did the authors mother receive no response after submitting her recent poetry?AThe readers didnt like her works.BShe was not a wellknown writer.CThe publisher went out of business.DHer illness shocked the publisher.6How did the authors mother react when seeing her book published?AShe passed away without any regret.BShe decided to write more works.CShe recovered from her illness.DShe was too ill to say anything.7What does the underlined part “sit on my hands” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AWork up. BKeep calm.CFeel depressed. DDo nothing.8What did the author learn from her mother?AIts never too late to write.BAction speaks louder than words.COne good turn deserves another.DTwo heads are better than one.C (2016石家庄市高中毕业班模拟考试) For visitors, Teller Lake in Colorado looks like a fishbowl filled with thousands of gorgeous goldfish. However, to the Colorado Parks and Wildlife Department they are a group of dangerous species that could end up destroying the lakes ecosystem.The problem is that these fish arent native to the lake, which means they have no predators (捕食者). This allows them to multiply in large numbers. Park officials believe that most of them are a result of a few unwanted pet goldfish that were thrown into the lake.While that may appear to be a kind thing to do, it is extremely dangerous, not to mention illegal. Thats because as this nonnative species grow in numbers, they compete with the existing fish for food sources like small insects.Given that there is only a limited supply of resources, this could result in the goldfish overpowering the native fish species. In the case of Teller Lake, the officials are particularly worried that the goldfish will move downstream and affect the population of some of the endangered native species that live there. Another major cause for concern is the diseases the goldfish may be carrying.The Colorado Parks and Wildlife biologists, therefore, have no option but to remove the fish from the lake in the most efficient manner. The fish will then be fed to injured birds like eagles and osprey.Experts say that most owners believe they are doing the “right thing” by returning their pet to the wilderness. However, saving one pet often results in destroying the areas ecosystem and hurting other animals. According to experts, the best way to dispose_of unwanted fish or any other animal is to get advice from the people that sold the pet.9Why did the dangerous goldfish appear in Teller Lake?AThey were born into the lake.BThey were thrown by Park officials.CThey were abandoned by their owners.DThey were brought in by some biologists.10How is the lakes ecosystem likely to be influenced by the goldfish?ANative fish may be eaten by them.BNew diseases may be brought in.CThe lake water may be polluted.DFood sources may be increased.11What will happen to the goldfish after theyre caught?ATheyll be killed at once.BTheyll become food for birds.CTheyll be set free downstream.DTheyll be raised in the fishbowl.12What does the underlined phrase “dispose of” in the last paragraph probably mean?AAttend to. BTake over.CGet rid of. DHold on to.词义猜测题专练(一)A语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了目前严峻的就业形势及其原因。1选D细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ms Fonseca says she cannot find the right talent for Talkdesk.”可知，Fonseca女士没能找到她想要的人才。故答案选D。2选B词义猜测题。根据语境可知，人们失业时间越长，他们的技能和自信就会越萎缩，对潜在的雇主就越没有吸引力，更有可能放弃。由此可推知，画线词“atrophy”应与“shrink”意思相近，意为“萎缩”。故答案选B。3选A推理判断题。根据第三段“Under Frances 3,800page labour code .are on shortterm contracts.”可推知，Moreau找不到永久工作的原因是雇主不想给工人好的福利。故答案选A。4选C推理判断题。该题提问的是哪种措施对失业无用。根据文章最后四段可推知，提高最低工资对解决失业问题是无用的。故答案选C。B语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲喜欢写作，并发表了一些作品。在作者的母亲病危之际，她的一本诗集还未得到出版商的回复。作者为帮母亲完成愿望，想办法给母亲出版了那本诗集，并从中学到：不要被动地接受现状，而是要积极采取行动。5选C细节理解题。根据第三段“So I called the publisher, only to learn that the company had stopped operating for lack of money.”可知，作者的母亲没有收到回复是因为出版商破产了。故选C。6选A细节理解题。根据第四段“When she finally recognized . with no regret.”可知，作者的母亲看到自己的书出版后，毫无遗憾地离开了人世。故选A。7选D词义猜测题。分析句子结构可知，画线短语与“take action actively”意思相反，所以画线短语应与“do nothing”意思相近，意为“什么都不做”，符