高考英语二轮复习与增分策略 专题四 语法填空 第一节 四大解题技巧

第一节四大解题技巧一、语法知识填充法 (2017全国)Fast food is full of fat and salt；by 68._(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.答案eating 解析考查动词-ing形式。 根据语法基础知识可知，介词by后要跟动词-ing形式，故此处应该填eat的-ing形式，因此答案为eating。点津语法知识填充法是根据语法基础知识，如主谓一致等要点以及根据句式结构辨别出需要填的相应的连词、副词、形容词以及名词或动词的正确形式等。 (2017全国)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However，be 69._(care) not to go to extremes.答案careful解析考查形容词。分析语境并根据语法基础知识可知，系动词be后面应该跟形容词作表语，故填形容词careful。二、词汇填充法 (2017全国)Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 63._(process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.答案to process解析考查动词不定式。require意为“要求，需要”，require sth.to do sth.表示“需要某物做某事”，此处用了被动语态结构。故此处填to process。点津词汇填充法要根据某些词汇在用法上的特殊搭配进行填充。如：enjoy，allow，suggest，practice等动词后只能接动词-ing形式；want，demand，ask，agree，plan，intend等动词后只能接不定式。 (2017全国)But Sarah，who has taken part in shows along with top models，wants 65._(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.答案to prove解析考查动词不定式。动词want 后要接不定式to do sth.，表示“想做某事”，因此答案填to prove。三、逻辑关系填充法 (2016四川)It was time for her to have a new baby,70._ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.答案and解析考查并列连词。句意为：她是时候再生一个孩子了，并且熊猫宝宝也到了该独立的时候了。It was time for.和it was also time for.之间是并列关系，故用and连接。点津逻辑关系填充法是指根据上下文的逻辑关系进行填充。常考的逻辑关系词汇主要有：(1)表示并列：and，or，meanwhile，as well as，the same as，either.or.，neither.nor.，equally(2)表示转折：but，however，yet(3)表示递进：still，also，indeed，besides，furthermore，moreover(4)表示让步：though，although，even though，even if，anyway，anyhow(5)表示因果：as，because，since，now that，for，as a result of，so that，so/such.that.，consequently，result in/from，thus，therefore，so(6)总分关系：for example，for instance，such as，including(7)结构层次：first，second，third，finally (2017浙江)Pahlsson screamed 58._ loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt myself，” says Pahlsson.答案so解析考查副词。分析句子结构可知，so与后面的that构成so.that.句型，意为“如此以至于”。故答案填so。四、固定用法填充法 (2017全国)When fat and salt are removed from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 65._ result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.答案a解析考查固定词组。固定短语as a result意为“结果”。句意为：结果，人们将吃更多的食物尽量去弥补缺少的东西。故答案填a。点津固定用法包括一些固定词组，如：by the way，come from，be proud of，as a matter of fact，make up等以及某些常用的句型搭配，如：Itbeadj.for/of sb. to do sth.，so/such.that.，Its no need/good doing.，There is no need to do sth.，There is no doubt that.等。 (2016全国)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68._ while，exercising，or doing som