2016职称英语考试理工类B级最后的冲刺密押卷A卷.pdf

20162016职称英语考试理工类职称英语考试理工类 b b 级最后的冲刺密押卷级最后的冲刺密押卷 a a 卷卷 【内部资料内部资料 切勿外泄】切勿外泄】 一、词汇选项 1.the number of starving people has increased to 5000 during the draught a.dry period b.flood c.disaster d.earthquake 正确答案:a 解析解析:干旱季节中，忍受饥饿的人数已经增加到5000。a 干旱时期 b 洪水 c 疾病 d 地震 2.nothing can be changed once he has made up his mind a.settled b.solved c.said d.decided 正确答案:d 解析解析:他一旦决定了就不可能改变了。 a 定居 b 解决 c 说 d 决定 3.the issue of childrens education was highlighted on the conference last month a.distorted b.extended c.emphasized d.illustrated 正确答案:c 解析解析:上个月的会议强调了儿童的教育问题。 a 扭曲 b 扩展，延伸 c 强调 d 说明 4.she longedfor more love from her parents a.hoped b.wanted c.was eager d.wished 正确答案:c 解析解析:她渴望从父母那里得到更多的爱。a 希望 b 想要 c 渴望 d 希望 5.the teacher cant tolerate the naughty students a.stand b.hate c.like d.criticize 正确答案:a 解析解析:老师不能容忍那些淘气的学生了。a 站立，忍受 b 讨厌 c 喜欢 d 批评 6.the poem depicted the splendor of the sunset a.declared b.asserted c.described d.announced 正确答案:c 解析解析:诗中描写了日落的壮观景色。a 声明 b 宣称，断言 c 描写 d 宣布 7.michael believed that it was a deliberate robbery a.a careless b.an intentional c.a humiliating d.a serious 正确答案:b 解析解析:迈克尔坚信这是一起蓄意抢劫。a 粗心的 b 故意的 c 羞辱性的 d 严重的 8.they had a far better yield this year than last year a.give up b.soil c.climate d.harvest 正确答案:d 解析解析:他们今年的收获要远好于去年。a 放弃 b 土壤 c 气候 d 收获 9.the farm has turned out 500 tons of oranges in the past year a.produced b.destroyed c.exported d.imported 正确答案:a 解析解析:那家农场去年产出了500吨橘子。a 生产 b 破坏 c 出口 d 进口 10.the baby was frightened by the lightening and started to cry a.scared b.burned c.struck d.waken up 正确答案:a 解析解析:婴儿被闪电吓着了并且开始哭叫。 a 吓着的 b 烧伤的 c 击中的 d 叫醒 11.his boss is furious about his wrong decision on the important plan a.angry b.anxious c.uncertain d.worried 正确答案:a 解析解析:他的老板对他在那个关键的计划上的错误决定十分恼怒。a 生气的 b 担忧的 c 不确 定的 d 担心的 12.the monkeys saw the reflection of the moon in the pool a.image b.imagination c.bone d.reaction 正确答案:a 解析解析:猴子们看见了池塘中月亮的倒影。 a 镜像 b 想象力 c 骨头 d 反应 13.the city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its centre a.get rid of b.set up c.repair d.paint 正确答案:a 解析解析:这个城市决定要除掉市中心的所有旧楼。a 除掉 b 建立 c 修复 d 喷漆 14.the great changes on her appearance astonished every one a.attacked b.surprised c.attracted d.interested 正确答案:b 解析解析:她外表的变化令所有人都很吃惊。a 攻击 b 惊讶 c 吸引 d 感兴趣 15.every one on the ship must follow the orders of the captain in case of emergency a.post b.transfer c.confirm d.obey 正确答案:d 解析解析:紧急情况发生时， 船上的每个人必须服从船长的命令。 a 邮递 b 转移 c 确定 d 遵守， 服从 二、阅读判断 credit card the credit card was a revolutionary idea. today, a small plastic card lets people charge purchases in millions of places. the sellers get paid through an electronic system of banks. the buyers get a monthly statement to pay off. they can buy now and pay later. the credit card industry is changing all the time. on june 30th, bank of america announced it would buy mbna, the nations biggest independent provider of credit cards. bank of america will have 20 percent of the credit card market in the united states. the deal was valued at about 35 thousand million dollars. bank of america is the second-biggest bank in the country after citigroup. bank of america will cut six thousand jobs to reduce costs. mbna had negotiated with another bank, wachovia. in fact, on june 17th, a helicopter carrying top mbna officials from secret talks in new york crashed in the east river. all survived, but not hopes for a deal. wachovia lost interest. the first widely used credit cards did not use the bank system most commonly used today. diners club started in 1980. american express issued its first charge card in 1958. that same year, bank of america offered bankamericards to sixty thousand people in fresno, california. bankamericard grew into the huge system known today as visa. most american families have at least one credit card. the federal reserve, the central bank, says americans have more than 700 thousand million dollars in credit card debt. they pay an average interest rate per year of about twelve to fourteen percent. . some card users pay all their charges each month, so they do not owe interest. others make only the small payment required. if they owe thousands of dollars, the debt can take years to pay off. and that is not the only danger. information security and identity theft are major issues these days. recently there have been several incidents in which many people had financial information either lost or stolen. someone stole records from the computers of cardsystems solutions, a payment processing company. that incident put forty million visa, mastercard and other card numbers at risk of misuse. 16.today, a small metal card lets people pay what they buy in millions of places a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:b 解析解析:该题说的是：如今，一种小的金属卡可以让人们在很多地方支付购买的商品。根据第 一段第二句可知，这是一种塑料卡 17.according to the passage, citigroup is the biggest bank in us a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:a 解析解析:该题说的是：根据文章内容，citigroup 是美国最大的银行。根据第四段可知，本句话 表述正确 18.after mbna officials had secret talks with wachovia, they finally agreed on a deal a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:b 解析解析:该题说的是：mbna 官员和 wachovia 官员进行秘密会谈后，达成协议。根据第五段 可知，最后双方未达成协议 19.visa developed from bankamericard a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:a 解析解析:该题说的是：visa 前身是 bankamericard。根据第七段第二句可知，本句话表述正确 20.american school students are allowed to have credit cards a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:c 解析解析:该题说的是：在美国学生也允许有信用卡。文中未提及 21.the federal reserve says with the credit card debt, americans pay an average interest rate per year of about fifteen percent a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:b 解析解析:该题说的是：美联储表示美国人信用卡债务年利率是15。根据第八段最后一句可知， 本句话表述错误 22.these days the risk of using the credit card include debt, information security and identity theft a.right b.wrong c.not mentioned 正确答案:a 解析解析:该题说的是：如今使用信用卡的危险包括信用卡债务，信息安全以及持卡人信息被盗 用。根据文章后三段内容可知，本句话表述正确 三、概括大意与完成句子 noise of machines 1 as more people live closer together, and as they use machines to produce leisure, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, becomes spoiled by a by-product of their machinesnamely, noise. noise is nowadays in the news; it has acquired political status, and public opinion is demanding, more and more insistently that something be done about it. 2 to control noise is to demand much self-discipline (annoyance arises often from lack of common courtesy), a sense of proportion (there is usually a conflict of interest if a noise is to be stopped), the expenditure of money (and it is far more economical to do this early rather than late), and finally, technical knowledge. 3 technical difficulties often arise from the subjective-objective nature of the problem. you can define the excessive speed of a motor car in terms of a pointer reading on a speedometer. but can you define excessive noise in the same way? you find that with any existing simple “noise meter”, vehicles, which are judged to be equally noisy, may show considerable difference on the meter. 4 though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible. the next remedy is to absorb it on its way to the ear. 5 domestic noises may perhaps be controlled by forethought(先见) and courtesy, and industrial noises by good planning and technical improvement. but if we are going to allow fast motorcycles and heavy lorries to pass continuously through residential and business districts, the community must decide on the control it needs to exercise, for in the long run it has got to pay for it. and if a nation is to take part in modern air transport, it must enter into international agreements on the noise control measures it will impose on its airportsand here the cost of any real control is to be measured in millions of dollars. 23paragraph 1 24paragraph 2 25paragraph 3 26paragraph 4 a.introduction of a by-product of machines b. what is needed to control noise c. how to control domestic noises d. difficulties of defining excessive noise e. introduction of two ways to control noise f. international agreements on the noise control measures 正确答案:abde 解析解析:23.第一主要引出文章主题，机器产生的噪音。 24.第二段主要讲的是控制噪音需要很大的自律性，需要做好协调工作，需要投入金钱，需 要技术知识。 25.第三段第一句话是主题句，意思是噪音问题的产生有主客观原因，这带来很多技术难题。 26.第四段介绍两种消除噪音的方法。意思是虽然解决噪音问题最理想的办法是从源头制止， 但很多情况下这是不可能的，因此另一个解决办法是如何在噪音进入耳朵前消音。 27people who use machines to produce leisure find that their leisure, and even their working hours, by noise. 28 often arise from the nature of the noise problem. 29industrial noises may be controlled by 30if a nation is to participate in modern air transport, it must sign on the noise control measures a.good plans and improvement in technology b. becomes encouraged c. becomes destroyed d. forethought and courtesy e. international agreements f. technical difficulties 正确答案:cfae 解析解析:27.问题问的是：用机器消遣的人会发现他们的消遣以及工作时间都会被噪音怎么样？ 第一段第一句话提到噪音会破坏他们的消遣以及工作时间。 注意 spoiled 和 destroyed 的同义 改写。 28.问题问的是：噪音问题的本质经常会产生什么？第三段第一句话说噪音问题的产生有主 客观原因，这带来很多技术难题。 29.问题问的是：工业噪音可以怎样控制？第五段第一句话说工业噪音可以通过好的计划和 技术改进得以控制。 30.问题问的是：如果一个国家想参与现代空中交通运输，该国家必须加入有关噪音控制措 施的什么中？答案在最后一段最后一句话中， 即该国家必须加入有关噪音控制措施的国际协 议中。 四、阅读理解 第一篇：第一篇：protection of whales within about 50 million years, one of the mammals that lives in a marine environment, the whale, has developed into the largest of all animal forms. however, at least for the last 150 years, trouble has closed in on whales from humans. whales have been hunted since about the eleventh century. certain types of whales have been hunted too much. recently, their number has been reduced so greatly that they are in danger of becoming extinct. people are worried about the fact that the number of whales is getting smaller and smaller. they are working to save them. there are reasons why people want to protect the whales. one reason is that whales help to keep a balance between plants and animals. people have been throwing their wastes into the oceans and seas, and these wastes increase the amount of salt in ocean and seawater. the increased salt helps some plants and some very small creatures to grow but these plants and small creatures are harmful to fish. however, whales are eating large numbers of plants and animals that grow in very salty water. in this way, whales are doing a good job as they keep the ocean water clean enough for the fish. in addition, because fish supply necessary food for many people, whales become our good friends which we want to save. some people are now working to save whales by using the law. they hold meetings to ask fishermen to reduce the number of whales which can be killed in a year. they also work within countries to persuade law makers to make whaling against the law and to make the use of whale products against the law too. now this struggle to save whales is going on in many places in the world. some governments will not let people sell whale products in their countries. other governments have changed the law about whaling. many people believe that since the number of whales is regarded as a serious world problem, the remaining whales will be saved. 31.from the passage we know that during the last 150 years humans have a.tried to save the scare animals b.paid more attention to some marine creatures c.threatened the existence of some marine mammals d.harvested certain plants from the ocean as food 正确答案:c 解析解析:问题问的是：从文章中我们可以得出人们在过去的150年间做了什么？从第一段的 however, at least for the last 150 years, trouble has closed in on whales from humans.以及第二段 可知是人类给这些哺乳动物造成威胁 32.what will happen to certain kinds of whales a.they will die out b.they will be forced to some other places to live in c.they will kill most of the plants and small creatures d.they will get extra food from humans 正确答案:a 解析解析:问题问的是：某些鲸类将会发生什么事情？见第二段 certain types of whales have been hunted too much. recently, their number has been reduced so greatly that they are in danger of becoming extinct.注意 extinct 和 die out 的同义表达 33.which of the following is not the reason for the protection of the whales a.whales are the friends of humans b.whales provide enough food for humans c.whale can help the sea water to be clean d.whales can eat a lot of wastes rejected by humans 正确答案:d 解析解析:问题问的是：以下哪个选项不是人们保护鲸类的原因？从第三段可以得出 a.b.c 的说 法正确。d 选项说的是“鲸类能够吃掉人们排放的垃圾。”原文说的是排放的垃圾会增加海水 的咸度 34.salt in the oceans usually a.increases the plants and small creatures that do harm to fish b.decreases the plants and small creatures which are harmful to fish c.provides enough food for the whales d.gets rid of harmful plants and creatures 正确答案:a 解析解析:问题问的是：海水里的盐分通常会怎么样？见第三段的 the increased salt helps some plants and some very small creatures to grow but these plants and small creatures are harmful to fish 35.which one is not the measure taken by humans to protect whales a.whales products are banned in some countries b.wastes are not allowed to be dumped in the sea c.whaling is not allowed in some countries d.fishermen are trying to reduce the amount of whales which are killed 正确答案:b 解析解析:问题问的是：以下选项哪一个不是保护鲸类的措施？从倒数两段可以得出保护鲸类的 举措。b 选项说的是“禁止向海洋倾倒垃圾”在原文并没有提及 2. the function of dreams why do we dream? nobody knows exactly, but recent research by scientists is providing some important clues. researcher at the university of chicago, for example, have been studying a kind of songbird called the zebra finch. each of these birds has its own unique song. these songs are very important because they help the birds mark their own territory and attract partners. young zebra finches first copy the songs of other birds, and then they add new parts to make their own songs slightly different. now new evidence has shown that at least one part of this creative process may take place when the birds are dreaming. the scientists at the university of chicago connected electronic wires to the heads of the songbirds so that they could record the birds brain activities. they found that when the birds were awake and singing, their brains showed a particular pattern of activities. the scientists were then surprised to discover that the brains showed a similar pattern when the birds were sleeping. they reached the conclusion that the birds were in fact practicing and developing their songs in their dreams. because the patterns at night were slightly different from the patterns during the day, it is believed that the birds were not just repeating the songs in their dreams but actually changing them. the scientists think that perhaps humans do something similar in their dreams. this idea is supported by other researches. research on rats shows that they have similar patterns of brain activities both when they are asleep and when they are awake. and research on people shows that when people play a certain computer game during the day, they often dream about the same game at night. furthermore, people often get better at the game after a nights sleep. all of this suggests that at least one function of dreams may be to help people organize their thoughts and memories in order to improve skills that have been learned during the day. the day when we at last understand the function of dreams may not be too far away. 36.zebra finches a.use their songs to attract their companions b.sing songs to find the territory of other birds c.always sing exactly the same songs as other birds d.sing songs loudly even when they are sleeping 正确答案:a 解析解析:问题问的是： 有关 zebra finches 这类鸟那个选项描述的正确？ 文章第一段第五句话说 “这些歌曲很重要因为这些歌曲帮助这类鸟给自己的领地作标记并吸引更多的同伴”。 由此判 断答案 a 正确 37.what did the scientists at the university of chicago surprised to find a.wires could affects the brains of the sleeping zebra finches b.the zebra finches showed a particular pattern of behavior while awake c.at night the zebra finches sang exactly the same songs as during the day d.the zebra finches had similar patterns of brain activities when singing and when asleep 正确答案:d 解析解析:问题问的是： 使芝加哥大学的科学家感到惊讶的是？第二段第三句话的意思是“科学家 惊讶的发现这类鸟睡眠时和清醒唱歌时大脑显现同样特殊的活动模式”。由此判断答案 d 正 确 38.why do scientists think that the birds were changing their songs when they were in their dreams a.because the brains of the birds showed no particular activities at night b.because the birds never sang their nighttime songs when they were awake c.because the songs patterns of the birds were much more complex at night than in the day d.because there were small differences from daytime brain activities when the birds were asleep 正确答案:d 解析解析:问题问的是：为什么科学家认为 zebra finches 这类鸟在睡眠时所唱的歌曲与白天的不 一样？根据第二段倒数第二句我们可知正确答案是 d 39.why do people perform better at playing games after a nights sleep a.dreaming sometimes reduces the stress in their brains b.dreaming helps them organize their thoughts and memories c.dreaming allows them to learn completely new skills d.dreaming produces unusual chemicals in their brains 正确答案:b 解析解析:问题问的是：为什么经过一夜睡眠休息后人们在打游戏时表现会更好？第三段第五句 提到“至少做梦的用途之一是帮助人们组织思想和记忆以提高白天所学的技能”。 由此判断答 案 b 正确 40.which of the following statements is true a.it seems possible that creative processes happen when people are dreaming b.it is very unlikely that people will ever discover the true function of dreams c.dreams are nothing but an exact copy of what happens in peoples daily lives d.the function of dreams in birds and people appears to be completely different 正确答案:a 解析解析:问题问的是： 下面哪个叙述正确？选项 a 意为“人们做梦时有创造性活动这种说法是很 有可能的”；选项 b 意为“人们迟早会发现梦的真正作用这种说法是不可能的”；选项 c 意为 “梦只不过是人们白天生活的再现”；选项 d 意为“梦对于人类和鸟类似乎有完全不同的作 用”。根据文章意思选 a 3. a revolution in office work without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years. before that time, large computers were only used by rich companies that could afford the investment. with the advancement of technology, small computers have come into the market which are capable of doing the work which used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them. the main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors, or wps as they are often called. 40% of british offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast. there are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. the secretary is freed from a lot of routine work, su