提高英语书面表达的方法和技巧.ppt

英语书面表达的解题要求 1. 切中题意、覆盖所有的语言要点 2. 语言准确、得当 3 条理清楚、行文连贯 4. 高分(21-25分)要求: 较多地使用较复杂的结构或较高级词汇 具备较强的语言运用能力 英语书面表达题六十字解题要诀 书面表达题 审题要仔细 格式应正确 把握时和体 条理弄清楚 要点不漏遗 全文要连贯 不可中式译 结构多文采 优作准无疑 英语书面表达的解题要领（一 ） 1. 认真审题 切中题意 书面表达题提供情景的方法不外乎四 种: 图画、图表、提纲、短文。不论那种 方法，我们在审题时，一定要全面、准 确地把握所提供的信息。首先要弄清所 写的内容、体裁、格式以及具体要求， 只有理解题意，才能抓住写作要点。 英语书面表达的解题要领（二 ） 2、把握时态 语言得当 正确使用动词的时态、语态是书面表达的重点 。 在高考阅卷中，对时态、语态的错误扣分是很 重的！ 尽量多用习语 忌用中式英语 常见错误举例分析 一、动词错误 There were hundreds of students couldnt go to school because they were poor. He wouldnt able to work out the problem. He managed to swim across the river, but failed. Wei Fang fell from the tree and her leg hurt. He was put into prison for three years in his thirties though he hasnt done anything wrong. Ive delayed to return you the book English Usage,which you borrowed me two days before. 常见错误举例分析(续) 二、中式英语 He cost five yuan to buy a new dictionary. Recently our village has taken place great changes. The factory broke out a big fire last Sunday. Chinese population is many, I was very difficult to refuse and had to receive her invitation. 常见错误举例分析（续） 三、结构错误 He wrote about 300 stories, some of them had been translated into Chinese. Each year many people die and are hurt on road accidents. We should teach children dont play and ride bikes on the road. 英语书面表达的解题要领（三） 3、紧扣要点 条理清楚 可先在认真审题的基础上尽量用英语列 出提纲。这样就不容易遗漏要点。 叙述时，一般可按照提示语的先 后，参照时间、事件、图画逐一叙述 (如句 式需要，也可适当调整语序) ，就比较容易 地达到“条理清楚”的要求。 英语书面表达的解题要领（四 ） 4、连贯流畅 书写规范 确当地使用关联词语，使句子间的逻 辑关系更加明确，使整篇文章条理清楚 ，连贯流畅，例如： 句子连贯的相互关系举例 He was interested in English and in maths as well.( 递进) Hurry up, or else youll miss the last bus for the school. (转折) Wed like a single small house, whereas they would rather live in a flat.(对比) Either you must improve your work, or Ill fire you.(选择) It must have been raining all night, for all the roads are wet. (解释) There seemed to be no chances of success, therefore, all of them went away. (结果) To sum up, all your efforts will be highly paid. ( 总结) 常用关联词语举例 1.表示并列或递进: and, as well, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor; 2.表示选择: or, eitheror; 3.表示转折: but, however, nevertheless（然而）, although, though, or else, otherwise, after all, by the way, incidentally（换言 之）; 4.表示因果: because, as, since, for, for this reason, so, as a result, thus, hence, therefore, accordingly(因此); 5.表示条件: if so, unless, provided that（假如） on condition that（如若）; 6.表示对比: while, whereas, instead, notbut, on the contrary, on the one handon the other hand; 7.表示解释: for example, for instance, such as, e.g., that is, that is to say, namely, viz, ie, in other words; 8.表示顺序:to begin with, for one thing, firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, soon afterwards, since then, from then on, lastly, finally, in the end; 9.表示强调: also, besides, furthermore, moreover, whats more, certainly, actually, in fact, as a matter of fact; 10.表示结论: to sum up, in all, altogether, in a word, in short, generally speaking, as is known to all. 英语书面表达的解题要领（五） 5、注意文采 妙用结构 一、变化开头 A group of children with beautiful flowers in their hands were marching in front of the parade . Marching in front of the parade were a group of children with beautiful flowers in their hands. 二、巧用构词法 He drove the car back out of the garage, then drove away with great speed. He backed the car out of the garage and sped away.(转化法) Just like a bird in the sky, he could over look the whole city from the TV tower, which was 218 metres tall. From the 218-metre-tall tower, he could have a birds-eye view of the whole city.(合成法) 英语书面表达的解题要领（五续） 三、运用分词或介词结构 When she heard the news, she began to cry. Hearing the news, she burst out crying At the news, she burst into tears. The woman carried a baby in her arms and got on the bus. With / Carrying a baby in her arms, the woman stepped onto the bus. Mr Smith was invited by Nanjing University, Mr Smith went to make a speech on DNA. Invited by Nanjing University, Mr Smith went to give a lecture on DNA. 英语书面表达的解题要领（五续） 四、运用倒装、强调手法 The boy was so brave that he led the enemy into our ring of encirclement (包围). So brave was the boy that he led the enemy into our ring of encirclement (包围). I did not realize the importance of learning English well until then. Not until then did I realize the importance of learning English well. It was not until then that I realized the importance of learning English well. 技 巧 1. 使用较高级的词汇 3. 使用恰当的连接词 词汇反映你知识贮存量的 多少，也是衡量英语水平 的一个重要标志。 运用得当的句子结构可以 给文章增色不少，从而使 整篇文章因此而生辉 。 使用恰当连接词，对写一 篇有“英语味”的文章很重 要，能使文章上下衔接自 然、紧凑。 增强书面表达效果的技巧增强书面表达效果的技巧 2. 使用较丰富的句式 1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. 2.We all think he is a great man. 3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea. 4.The students there neednt pay for their books. 5. As a result the plan was a failure. The plan turned out to be a failure. Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable. 一、怎样使用较高级的词汇 We all think highly of him . A good idea occurred to me. / A good idea suddenly struck me. Books are free for the students there. 6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow. 7. She went to Austria in order to study music. 8. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. 9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms. 10.You can find my house easily. She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music. At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow. The more he spoke, the more excited he felt. Our school is made up of twentysix classrooms. Youll have no trouble finding my house. 1 When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（使用V-ing形式）. 2. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词 性从句） 3. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. (使用倒装句) 4. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型) On his arriving, please give me an e-mail. What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things. 二、怎样使用较丰富的句式 Weak as I am, Ill make the effort. It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened. On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the other side,where the playground used to be now stands another new buildingour library. (NMET1999 范文) As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.(NMET2001 范文) Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. (NMET2001 范文) 三、怎样使用恰当的连接词 联合国教科文组织某考察团正 在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是 接待人员,请根据下列提示以发言稿 的形式简要介绍这个村的情况： 1)大小：近100户人家，约500 口人。 2)变化：过去很穷，78年后变 化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。 现已旧貌换新颜。 3)教育：原来的学校很小，现 已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层 ，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学 龄儿童在此免费就读。 注意：1）要点齐全，前后连贯 。 2）词数：100-120之间。 书面表达： Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school.This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. It has changed a lot since 1978. People here are richer than before. Now it is taking on a new look. The school here was very small. Now it has been rebuilt. The newly built teaching building has 4 storeys . It is the most beautiful building in the village. All the school-age children can study here. They enjoy free education in it. Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school! This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. It has changed a lot since 1978 . People here are richer than before. Now it is taking on a new look. This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . 书面表达： Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small . Now it has been rebuilt. The newly built teaching building has 4 storeys . It is the most beautiful building in the village. All the school-age children can study here. They enjoy free education in it. Thank you. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here the newly built teaching building / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you. 看图写话的写作要领 1. 仔细审图 (特别注意时间、地点、方位、物品、颜色、数字、性别等) 2. 提纲立目(一般用key words列出要点) 3. 连词成篇 4. 检查润饰 1) 要点是否遗漏? 2)动词是否用错? 3)语言是否得当(有否拼写错误)? 4)全文是否连贯? 。 下面四幅图描述了你班同学上周的一次研究性活动。请你根据图画 内容用英语写一篇短文,在某英语刊物上介绍这次活动情况 One possible version Last week, we did research into how laid-off workers get their new jobs. We had a discussion in three groups and then began our research separately. Group One surfed on the Internet and learned that most of the laid-off workers had already got their new jobs. In the vocational training centre, the students in Group Two were told that there were five training courses for laid-off workers. After training, they began working as repairers, cooks, typists, household workers and salespersons. The other students interviewed some laid-off workers who had got new jobs. A woman said, “With the help of the city government, Ive found my job.” What a great deal weve learned through the research! 关于图表的英语书面表达的写作要领 1. 审读图表(一般用key words列出要点) 2. 提纲立目 3. 连词成篇 4. 检查润饰 1)要点是否遗漏? 2)动词是否用错? 3)语言是否得当(有否拼写错误)? 4)全文是否连贯? 请根据下列表格的内容，阐述一下你对减少城市人口的看法。 建议项具体措施目 的 1A.晚婚 B.一对夫妇一个孩子 减少人口自然增长 （人口出生率） 2 严格控制外地人进城务工经商减轻外地人口对城 市的压力 3 A.在郊区，建造生活、商业、 文教、卫生、娱乐休闲生活 小区 B. 在城市的县里建造卫星城 吸引城市居民到郊 区和卫星城工作和 生活。 Our modern city is too crowded, and to solve the problem, I have three suggestions. First of all, practise the policy of “ Late Marriage ”and “ One Couple, One child ” so as to reduce the birth rate. Secondly, the city government must have a tight control of people entering cities to engage in trade or do various physical jobs in order to reduce the pressure on the city caused by the increasing population. Finally, more and more people suggest that living blocks with shopping centers, school, hospital as well as cinemas and theatres or even satellite towns should be built in the city suburbs or the countries round the cities. In this way city citizens will be encouraged to move there. If these three suggestions are well carried out, the city population will be greatly reduced. 书面表达(满分25分) 某中学生英语报社正开展一场题为“Young teachers or elderly teachers，which do you prefer?” 请你依据下面表格所提供的要点写一篇短文，向该报社投稿。 老年教师 青年教师 教学耐心讲解细致经验丰富精力充沛教学活泼勇于创新 你的观点? 注意：1词数100左右，开头语已为你写好，不计入总数；2短 文必须包含表格的全部内容。要求观点明确，结构合理，紧凑连贯 学生作品1： Compare with young teachers, I prefer elderly teachers. There are some reasons below. For one thing, most of elderly teachers are patient in teaching. They not only spare no effort to teach the students, but also give classes carefully .They will do all they can to make the students understand the teaching content.What good teachers! For another thing, elderly teachers are full of teaching experience. This is also the most important, especially for us senior students. This is only my opinion. I think young teachers are also good. 点评： 亮点：1、观点鲜明 ，词汇句型的运用 比较灵活 2、过渡词及连词的 使用使文章结构紧 凑连贯、条理清楚 。 2、审题不全面，忽 略了对青年教师这部 分信息的处理。这一 点是比较大的失误。 1) 2) 3) 1) Compared 2) more 3) try to make the classes lively and interesting 不足之处： 1、个别地方的表达需 要改进。 学生作品2: Opinions are divided on this question. Some students who like the elderly teachers more than the young ones think that the elderly ones are more patient in teaching, more careful in explaining and also have a lot of experience. However, the others have a different opinion. They think the teachers who are young are full of energy. Besides, their teaching is lively and they dare to bring in the new ideas. Well, in my opinion, I like both the elderly teachers and the young ones because from them we both can learn a lot. 点评： 亮点： 1、段落清楚，要点齐 全，句式表达比较灵 活，能适当运用复句。 2、过渡词运用也比较 熟练。 需要改进的地方： 1 ） 2) 3) 4) 1) prefer the elderly teachers to the young ones 2) with explanations 3) the 去掉 4) The young teachers One possible version: Opinions are divided on this question. Some students may like elderly teachers teaching because they think elderly teachers have more teaching experience and that they tend to be patient and careful with explanations. However, I prefer to be taught by young teachers. Firstly, we students have much in common with them. So they are our friends as well as our teachers. Secondly, they are more .energetic and enthusiastic. Usually they can make their classes lively and interesting. Besides, they are more ready to accept or create new ideas, including teaching. Thirdly, most young teachers devote themselves to their work, making them teach creatively and effectively. In a word, I prefer young teachers to elderly teachers. 如何算是一篇好文章？ 覆盖了所有的要点 应用了较多的语法结构 和词汇 有效地使用了语句间的 连接成分，使全文结构紧 凑，行文连贯，条理清楚 。 要 点 全 词汇,句型 （高级）和 语法多样化（较复杂） 连 接 词 Some useful suggestions: I.对于英语基础不好的学生，可以这样处理：把所给的材料分为几个点， 每个点用1-2句简单句表达出来；而对于英语较好的学生，尽可能地运 用一些高级词汇跟适当地运用一些复合句，关键是要表达准确到位。 1. 重点词汇的处理跟运用 1）Elderly teachers have more patience. They are more patient. 2) Elderly teachers always explain things more carefully. They are more careful with explanations. 3) Elderly teachers are rich in teaching experience. They are experienced in teaching. They have more/rich teaching experience. 4) Young teachers are full of energy. They have more energy. They are more energetic. 5) Young teachers teaching is more lively . They can make