雅思大作文之教育类话题.ppt

Lecture 7 教育话题 Report nIt is said that peoples life now is becoming more and more stressful. What are the causes and how to solve it? 或者遇到这样的 字样what is the reason, what is the affect ,what should our government do? Report的结构 n分四段。 n第一段：引出来题，只是report文章不需要有 什么观点存在，只要说明现象就可以。 n第二段，就要写引起这件事的reason. n第三段：effect了。就顺着题目的问法一段段 写。 n第四段：也就是how to solve it. Argumentation 议论文的两种结构 n一边倒结构PK对称结构 n辩论型题目的提问方式，一般有如下几种： 1.(To what extent) do you agree or disagree? 2.What is your opinion? 3.What do you think? 4.What are the advantages and disadvantages of sth? 5.What are the benefits and drawbacks of sth? 6.Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 一边倒 n在一边倒结构中,建议分五段. 第一段:因为在题目中一定会有提出两方观点,所以在 第一段的时候也要亮出双方观点(万万不可抄写题目, 要把题目的意思换个句式说法) 同时亮出你是同意或 者不同意,或者是你的观点是怎样.通常第一段会有固 定的模式,这样看你自己的句套是怎样设计. 第二段:要讲你为什么支持你的这个观点.通常在这一 段中会有5句话.第1句就是你为什么同意你这个观点 的第一个理由(IDEA),第2句到第4句便是你这个IDEA 的说明句.第5句便为这一小段的小总结. 第三段:写你支持你这个观点的第二个IDEA,写法同第 二段. 第四段:写你支持你这个观点的第三个IDEA,写法同第 二段. 第五段:便是文章的结尾段.这一段中要再一次明确你 的观点. 对称式结构 n第一段:用你的句套啦.但是记住,这里不用写观 点了.只是对题目分析就OK了. 第二段:可以写你支持作者观点的IDEA.写法同 上. 第三段:便为反对观点段. 第四段便是一个总结了. n“对称式结构”双方都说，“一边倒结构”只说一 方。 n“对称式结构”比“一边倒结构”可说的内容多， 更容易写够字数。 怎么复习 n1.要了解雅思考题都会有怎样的问法,熟练掌握 各种问法所使用的结构。 n2.要自己想许多的IDEA。由上述段落写法时, 大家可见通常一篇文章中都需要三个IDEA。 所以没有IDEA怎么才能支持你自己的观点呢? 文章会没有说服力的。 n3.是要练好基本功,基本功怎么练？ nvoluntary euthanasia norgan transplant n雅思的文章，它绝对不是简单的语言的堆砌。 文章，它承载的是思路，承载的是思想。所以 在写文章之前，不要一味的去堆砌语言，应该 考虑一下你的想法，你的中心思想，你的逻辑 思维。 nIf you do not think clearly, you can not write clearly. 教育应该包括哪些内容？ n母题：It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions? (050312) n提示：本题围绕教育的两大功能来展开（个人与社会 ），准备好这篇文章，即可应付教育类话题中的最大 分支教育的功能，做到以不变应万变。对于社会角 度，可以从促进经济发展、增加社会流动性(social mobility)、维护社会稳定这几个方面来展开，对于个 人，可以写改变思维模式、有利于就业和便利生活来 写。 教育的功能 the functions of education nHome education: what do parents teach us? nSchool education: what do schools teach us? Home education: what do parents teach us? npass down both academic knowledge and practical experience npassionate love and the feeling of a true family nEverything they sacrifice is derived from affection and the consciousness of responsibility. nparents love is an incentive for us to study, work and overcome the troubles in life. School education: what do schools teach us? nAgent of social control ncertain values such as, obedience, discipline, perseverance, respect and punctuality. Schools also teach us conformity; it encourages us to be good and to be a law abiding citizen. nhindrances towards individual development. School education: what do schools teach us? n Modifying behaviour- Education helps to modify the past behaviour through learning and through different agencies of education. nAll-round development- Education aims at the all round development of children- physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual. nadjustability , preparing for the future , completion of education School education: what do schools teach us? ntransmitting the dominant culture nthe young generation is exposed to the belief, norms and values that had long been exist on a particular culture. nEducation also serves to promote social and political integration. Educational institutions transfer the population that is composed of diverse ethnic and religious groups into a kind of society with people sharing at least a common identity. School education: what do schools teach us? n Education teaches us to give equal opportunities in all aspects irrespective of social status, creed, colour, sex and religion. nEducation helps to make rising generation to understand its rights and duties as citizens of a democratic country. n Education trains people for unity, not for locality, for democracy and not for dictatorship. nEducation can be a real panacea for all social evils. nThe purpose of education: to become autonomous, creative and inquiring, have the will and intelligence to serve the society, create their own destiny nEducation is a progressive discovery of our ignorance. Current education in China nThe existing education system, focus on the results, suppress childrens creativity, learning is considered as a tool to cope with exams, marks are the major standard to evaluate students capacity nExplore students potential, do research, write papers, learn scientific method, sharpen their thinking capacity, challenge the authority n子题：大学应当教授理论知识还是实践技能？ 大学的是应当把学生培养成合格的公民还是让 他们自己得益？准备未来职业最好的方法是上 大学还是尽快离校积累工作经验？大学要不要 扩招？中学阶段应当提供通才教育还是专才教 育？要不要延长义务教育年限？要不要让农村 地区的学生更容易上学？老师要教学生如何判 断是非吗？ Theoretical knowledge na well-confirmed type of explanation of nature nconsistent with scientific method nthe most reliable, rigorous, and comprehensive form of scientific knowledge nteaches the why. It helps people understand why one technique works and where another fails. It shows you the whole forest, builds the context, and helps you set strategy. set a direction for your future education. Theoretical knowledge can often lead to a deeper understand of a concept , understanding the why behind it Practical knowledge nacquire the specific techniques nGenuine knowledge comes from practice . nNo practice, no gain in ones wit. nWhats learned from books is superficial after all. Its crucial to have it personally tested somehow. nlead to a deeper understanding of a concept through the act of doing and personal experience nProfound and impressive memory nSolve specific problem 把学生培养成合格的公民还是让他们 自己得益? nQualified citizen nEducation institutions nPatriotic nour compulsory curriculum nobserve disciplines and obey laws nrespect the old and cherish the young; nNature Is Our Mother. Mother nature, a qualified citizen respecting and caring for nature for every moment. 扩招 nEnrollment expansion, expanding the scale of enrollment radically, Education Ministry nthe higher education quality deteriorated more than before, education resources, nirresponsible for society, increasing peoples burden, which is contrary to the principle advocated by whole society- building harmonious society reducing social burden. n side effects nHas aroused debate its efficiency, efficacy and equity. 扩招 nthe expectation to stimulate domestic consumption and to ease the immediate pressure on the labor market nthe high public interest in and demand for higher education in Chinese society n the political will of the Chinese government to develop higher education. n reform its structure, curricula, and administration. nEnsure the excellence of higher education nPossible declining of the quality if it is not accompanied by substantial increase in investment nRising college tuition, deny poor students the opportunity to receive 扩招 nEssential to economic development nA better-educated citizen is more productive. nNarrow social inequality nContribute to the development of a more democratic society. Make informed political decisions nNeed more talented personnel to sustain rapid economic development nStimulate domestic consumption and promote growth in related industries nAll-around education, discourage test-oriented, Liberal/general education nan approach to learning that empowers individuals and prepares them to deal with complexity, diversity, and change. nprovides students with broad knowledge of the wider world (e.g. science, culture, and society) as well as in-depth study in a specific area of interest. A liberal education helps students develop a sense of social responsibility, as well as strong and transferable intellectual and practical skills such as communication, analytical and problem-solving skills, and a demonstrated ability to apply knowledge and skills in real-world settings. ndisciplines Liberal/general education nA general education was the best preparation for both work and life, arguing that it gives students the skills to be better citizens and better people. Besides providing a well-rounded course of study, a general education builds a foundation for more specialized study later. A general education can also impart skills-such as writing and critical thinking-that are valuable in nearly any workplace. Depending on the major subject, a general education can also provide practical preparation for the workplace. Specialized education na course of study focused on a particular subject. Specialized education is often focused on training to prepare students for the workplace. nVocationally oriented specialized education curricula can give the student a definite advantage in the job market. nThe very focused course of study, specialized education programs often offer their students work- related experience. nSpecialized education programs can often be completed in a shorter time than general education programs, which can save a significant amount of money. Gap year na period of time in which people disengage from curricular education and/or work and undertake activities such as traveling, volunteering or working abroad. ntake a year off prior to attending tertiary education and choose to travel abroad nunsure of their academic or financial direction and want to gain experience in the “real world” before making a big commitment Gap year n a way to recharge your battery or to explore activities near home or afar that you never had time to experience before. na great way to get a breather from classrooms, tests, and homework assignments ndissatisfied “gappers” Gap year nTime off allows students time to think about their academic direction and professional goals before jumping in with both feet. nWork experience are great rsum-builders and can result in increased focus and maturityqualities that all competitive colleges like to see in prospective students. nWorking full time can help students save up for tuition and other college costs. Gap year nWatching friends and classmates move on to college before you can be disheartening. nFor students who fail to develop important habits, its easy to lose focus and fall out of the academic routine. nStudents who wait sometimes lose access to guidance counselors, peer support, and even scholarship resources that they had fresh out of high school. distance-learning programs nMany people use distance-learning programs (study material post, TV, Internet, etc.) to study at home, but some people think that it cannot bring the benefit as much as attending college or university. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? (041113, 081023, 100515) distance-learning programs nConvenience: internet, not based on some colleges annual or semester schedule. nFlexibility: time, place nAvailability: nCost: cheaper, no travel expenses nSelf-directed: you set your own pace and schedule, so you control the learning environment. nNot interrupting job, career distance-learning programs na good alternative for housewives who are not able to enroll int