lecture8大学英语专业英译汉.pptVIP

Lecture 8: Translation method III Translation Skill: transformation of parts of speech(1) homework Translation appreciation The adoption of translation method Translation method Literal translation meaning style Free translation Foreignization foreignness strangeness Domestication Translation criteria: faithfulness and ease I domination: Foreignization 1. Id rather be a headmaster in a distant uncomfortable town than be a teacher in a nice town. Youd rather reign in hell than serve in heaven, I suppose. 我宁愿在条件差的边远小镇当校长，也不愿在条件优越 的城市当个教员。 那你是宁做地狱之主，不做天堂之仆了。 我宁愿在条件差的边远小镇当校长，也不愿在条件优越 的城市当个教员。 那你是宁为鸡首勿为牛后了。 Foreignization + Note 2. Men sent flowers, love notes, offers of fortune, and still her dreams ran riot. The one hundred and fifty! The one hundred and fifty! What a door of an Aladdins care it seems to be. 男人送花，送情书，送时运给她。可是她还梦幻般无边。 这一百五十块钱!就一百五十块钱!真像藏着神灯似的山洞 为阿拉丁打开了门。 （注:阿拉丁，一千零一夜中主 要角色之一;寻获神灯与魔指环，达到所有愿望的青年） 3.子见南子，子路不说。 论语雍也 The master went to see Nanzi, and Zilu was not at all happy about. Additional note: Nanzi was the concubine of Duke Ling of Wei who had a rather colorful and unseemly reputation. (Roger Ames but he left it to him on such terms as destroyed half the value of the bequest. Mr. Dashwood had wished for it more for the sake of his wife and daughters than for himself or his son; but to his son, and his sons son, a child of four years old, it was secured, in such a way, as to leave to himself no power of providing for those who were most dear to him, and who most needed a provision by any charge on the estate, or by any sale of its valuable woods. The whole was tied up for the benefit of this child, who, in occasional visits with his father and mother at Norland, had so far gained on the affections of his uncle, by such attractions as are by no means unusual in children of two or three years old; an imperfect articulation, an earnest desire of having his own way, many cunning tricks, and a great deal of noise, as to outweigh all the value of all the attention which, for years, he had received from his niece and her daughters. He meant not to be unkind, however, and, as a mark of his affection for the three girls, he left them a thousand pounds a-piece. 观点介绍 译文应有的阅读效果：透明感 好的译文自然流畅，不给读者留下阅读 障碍，仿佛文字本身并不存在，直接呈现出 故事本身。这就像好的艺术作品具有诱人的 魅力一样，观众不会想到作品的制作材质， 而直接体会到了作品本身。 米开朗琪罗的大理石雕塑大卫、 达芬奇的蒙娜丽莎、凡高的向日葵 都有这种特色。 马克思说： 大卫是米开 朗琪罗从大理 石中剥出来的 。 Gogh, Vincent Willem van (1853-1890) 阅读文学作品或翻译作品时，我们的心理 过程一般是借助文字并透过文字看到故事。 如果文字不流畅，我们难免有隔着一道障 碍的感觉，仿佛有一道讨厌的迷雾挡住眼睛。 如果文字流畅自然，与我们的日常语言使 用习惯基本相当，我们对文字的感觉就会比较 淡，仿佛透过玻璃或透镜看事物，于是有了文 字“透明”的感觉，仿佛直接进入故事中了。这 正是写作或翻译应该追求的主流文字效果。 听一段文字举例。 听了这段故事，相信大家根本没 注意到用过什么文字，只得到了故事 的内容，体会到了故事中幽默的成分 。 President George W. Bush is visiting an elementary school today and he visits one of the 4th grade classes. They are in the middle of a discussion related to words and their meanings. 这天，乔治W布什总统视察一座小学， 参观四年级的一个班。这个班正在讨论单词及 其含义。 评论：用一般现在时描绘 过去发生的事情，有历历 在目的效果。翻译时需增 加词语，表现这种情况。 The teacher asks the President if he would like to lead the class in the discussion of the word, “tragedy”. So the President asks the class for an example of a “tragedy”.教师请布什引导学生们讨论“悲剧”这个词 。于是总统请学生们举出一个“悲剧”的例子。 One little boy stands up and offers, “If my best friend, who lives next door, is playing in the street and a car comes along and runs him over, that would be a tragedy.” “No,” says Bush, “that would be an accident.” 一个小男孩站起来说：“假如隔 壁我那个最要好的朋友在街上玩 耍时，让一辆汽车撞死了，那就 是一场悲剧。” “不对，”布什说，“那算是一 个事故。” A little girl raises her hand: “If a school bus carrying 50 children drove off a cliff, killing everyone involved, that would be a tragedy.” “Im afraid not,” explains the President. “Thats what we would call a GREAT LOSS.” 一个小女孩举手说：“如 果一辆校车载着五十个孩 子跌下悬崖，车上无人生 还，那可是一场悲剧。” “恐怕不是，”布什解释 说，“我们把这种情况称作 重大损失。” The room goes silent. No other children volunteer. President Bush searches the room. “Isnt there someone here who can give me an example of a tragedy?” 教室里一时鸦 雀无声，不再有孩 子自告奋勇。布什 总统扫视着教室：“ 难道没人能给我举 个悲剧的例子啦？” Finally, way in the back of the room, a boy named Johnny raises his hand. In a quiet voice he says, “If Air Force One, carrying you and Mrs. Bush, was struck by a missile and blown up to smithereens, that would be a tragedy.” 最后，坐在教室 后面一个名叫约翰尼 的男孩举起了手。他 的语气平静，说：“倘 若你和布什夫人坐在 空军一号里让导弹击 中，炸成碎片，那就 是一场悲剧。” “Correct,” exclaims Bush, “thats right. And can you tell me WHY that would be a tragedy?” “正确，”布什高声 说道，“说对了。你能 告诉我那为什么是一场 悲剧吗？” “Well,” little Johnny said, “because like you just told us, it wouldnt be an accident, and it sure as well wouldnt be a great loss.” “嗯，”小约翰尼 说道，“因为，就像 你刚才告诉过我们的 ，那不是事故，而且 肯定不是重大损失。 ” 评论：注意代词译 法和双关语的重复 效果。 这天，乔治W布什总统视察一座小学，参观四年级的一个班。 这个班正在讨论单词及其含义。 教师请布什引导学生们讨论“悲剧”这个词。于是总统请学生们举 出一个“悲剧”的例子。 一个小男孩站起来说：“假如隔壁我那个最要好的朋友在街上玩 耍时，让一辆汽车撞死了，那就是一场悲剧。” “不对，”布什说，“那算是一个事故。” 一个小女孩举手说：“如果一辆校车载着五十个孩子跌下悬崖， 车上无人生还，那可是一场悲剧。” “恐