食品第四讲王婧怡标准文献检索与利用.ppt

标准文献检索与利用 李明娟 88780719 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 大纲 标准文献基础知识： 概念、构成条件、特点、作用、类型、编号、分类 纸质标准文献检索 标准文献的网络检索（CSSN）： 简单检索、高级检索、分类检索、强制性标准检索 标准文献资源推荐 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 什么是标准 ？ 生产和管理中经公认的权威机关批准的有关产品、 材料、工具等物质和程序、方法、图形、符号等非 物质方面的规格或规定，是衡量事物的准则，供广 泛和重复利用。 袁世全,冯涛.中国百科大辞典M.北京:华 厦出版社,1990:364-364. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 标准是经过有关方面的共同努力所取得的成果，它 是集体劳动的结晶； 标准必须经过一个公认的权威机构或授权单位的批 准认可； 标准必须随着科学技术的发展而更新换代，即不断 进行补充、修订或废止 标准的构件 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 标准文献的特 点 标准是由权威机构制定和颁布的 标准文件都有标准号，标准号的组成是：“标准代 号+顺序号+颁布年份” 标准具有一定的法律约束力，它有生效、未生效、 试行和失效之分 以单行本形式发行，一项标准一册 标准文献采用专门的技术分类体系 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 通过标准可了解各国经济政策、技术政策、生产水平、资源状况和标准 水平 在科研、工程设计、工业生产、企业管理、技术转让、商品流通中，采 用标准化的概念、术语、符号、公式、量值、频率等有助于克服技术交 流的障碍 国内外先进的标准可供推广研究、改进新产品、提高新工艺和技术水平 是鉴定工程质量、校验产品、控制指标和统一试验方法的技术依据 可以简化设计、缩短时间、节省人力、减少不必要的试验、计算，能够 保证质量、减少成本 进口设备可按标准文献进行装备、维修配制某些零件 有利于企业或生产机构经营管理活动的统一化、制度化、科学化和文明 化 标准文献的作 用 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 标准文献的类型 按使用范围 国际标准：由国际上权威的标准化组织制定并为国际上承认和适用的标准，如 ：国际标准化组织(ISO)标准、国际电工委员会（IEC）标准。 区域标准：由世界某一区域性标准化组织召集参与标准化活动的区域团体所制 定、审批、通过并实施的标准，如：全欧标准（EN）。 国家标准：由国家标准化主管机构批准、发布，在全国范围内统一实施的标准 ，如：我国国家标准(GB)、美国国家标准(ANSI)。 行业（专业）标准：在没有国家标准而又需要在全国某个行业范围内统一技术 要求的情况下制定和实施的标准，如：美国石油学会标准（API）。 地方标准：在没有国家标准和行业标准，而又需要在省、自治区、直辖市范围 内统一技术要求的情况下制定的标准，如：江苏省地方标准（DB32）。 企业标准：在企业范围内对需要统一的技术要求、管理要求和工作要求所制定 的标准，是企业组织生产和经营活动的依据，如：美国波音飞机公司标准 (BAC)。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 强制性标准：具有法律效力、必须遵守的标准。 推荐性标准：由制定和颁布标准的机构建议优先遵 守的标准。 试行标准：指内容不够成熟，尚有待在使用实践中 进一步修订、完善的标准 标准文献的类型 按执行的程 序 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 药品标准，食品卫生标准，兽药标准； 产品及产品生产、储运和使用中的安全、卫生标准，劳动安全 、卫生标准，运输安全标准； 工程建设的质量、安全、卫生标准及国家需要控制的其他工程 建设标准； 环境保护的污染物排放标准和环境质量标准； 重要的通用技术术语、符号、代号和制图方法； 通用的试验、检验方法标准； 互换配合标准； 国家需要控制的重要产品质量标准。 强制性标准的 运用范围 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 国家标准的编号 标准代号+发布顺序号+制定或修订年代号 例如: GB 175-2007 GB/T 10421-2002 GB/Z 6829-2008 GBJ 143-1990 GJB 2-1986 gb786598 和gb19550037472 是中国国家标准的编号吗？ Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 行业标准代号/部门标准代码+发布顺序号+制定或修订年代号 例如：JC 214-1991、 WH/T 21-2006 行业标准或部 门标准的编号 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 地方标准编号 企业标准编号 地方标准编号： DB+省（自治区、直辖市）行政区代码前二位+顺序 号+制定或修订年份 例如：DB 37/T 532-2005（山东地方推荐标准） 企业标准号： Q/企业代号+顺序号+制定或修改年份 例如：Q/CG35-1999 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 国际标准的编号 标准代号顺序号年份 例如： ISO 33471976 IEC 230 1966 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 区域标准 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 其他国家的 国家标准 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 中国标准文献 分类法 1984年我国制订 了中国标准文 献分类法（试行 ），设有24个 大类，1989年正 式出版。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1992年，国际标准化 组织情报委员会推出 了一部专供标准文献 使用的等级分类法， 设有41个大类 国际标准文献 分类法 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 纸质标准文献的 检索 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 责任者字段中输入：标准 为什么不是题名字段而是责任者字段输入“标准”呢？ Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 全文字段检索：题名中含有“食品”的纸质标准 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击第4条结果 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 标准文献的 网络检索 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击“馆藏资源”栏中的 “标准” Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 中国标准馆的标准文献资源简介 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 进入标准文献检索界面Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 分类检索举例：检索x41天然食品添加剂方面的标准 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 所有检索结果 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 只有注册用户才能看到中国标准服务网中标准的文 摘或全文，所以，用户必须先注册，然后登录 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 只有文摘，因为这是在高级检索界面中检索到的强制性国 家标准，若是专门在强制性国家标准检索界面中检索的话 ，则能直接看到全文 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 勾选 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 结果全为ISO的天然食品添加剂方面的标准 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 高级检索举例：检索标准名称中含有添加剂 的美国国家标准 标准编号字段输 入：ansi 中文标题字段输 入：添加剂 字段关系选择逻 辑“与” 点击“开始检索” Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 11篇美国国家标准，标准名称中含有“添加剂”，但 这些都不是食品类的添加剂。应该修正检索策略 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 修正检索策略的 方法是：增加限 定条件，限定在 X食品类检索美 国国家标准名称 中含有“添加剂” 的。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 在X食品类检索美国国家标准名称中含 有“添加剂”的,没有检索结果。也许是美 国国家标准中没有颁布这方面的标准 ，也许是该数据库尚未收录这方面的 标准。 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 美国国家标准中有没有食品类的呢？ 标准编号字段输 入：ansi 中标分类号中选 择输入“x食品” 字段关系选择逻 辑“与” Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 美国国家标准中关于 食品类的有83篇标 准文献 点击查看第 二条结果 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 第二结果的 详细题录 可有偿获取 标准全文 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 输入检索式：filetype:pdf ansi/aami/iso 13408-1-2008 点击“手气 不错” Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 该美国国家 标准的全文 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击强制性国标检索 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 强制性国标检索举例：检索国际标准分类为 “67.220香料和调料、食品添加剂”方面的强制 性国家标准 点击“选择” Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 选择 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 点击 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 强制性标准全文 Evaluation only.Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile .Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 国内标准文献 资源网站 n标准网: n中国标准化研究院: n上海标准化信息服务网:/ n国家建筑标准设计网: n机械工业标准服务:http:/www.j