2001年1月北京地区研究生英语学位课统考试题.doc

2001年1月北京地区研究生英语学位课统考试题：Part II. Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points ) Section A ( 0.5 point each) 16 The factory unions grievance committee met with the authorities to protect the workers firing. A personnel B investment C salvation D complaint 17. Most high school students look up to the players on the football team. A envy B respect C trust D pursue18. The first major outburst of musical creativity in the United States occurred at the end of the nineteenth century. A surge B outcome C performance D breakthrough 19. The ruthless teacher put Bill down for the blunder he made in his oral presentation. A asked him to sit down B dismissed him from the class C made him feel humble D recorded his mistake 20. The earthquake took a heavy toll when most of the local residents were sound asleep. A was minor in intensity B occurred suddenly C brought about much confusion D caused a heavy loss in human lives 21. Despite the smooth development of Sino-American relations, many of Americas policies aim to contain China. A condemn B include C restrain D occupy 22. Studies of feasibility have to be conducted before we embark on this gigantic project. A evaluate B inspect C terminate D start 23. Many of the things which seem like fixed stars are born of fierce struggle and apparent defeat. A outside B superficial C inevitable D incredible 24. A pilot study often precedes large-scale experimentation that will last several years. A experimental B quick C subsequent D leading 25. Frequent exposure to perilous substances will lead to a gradual deterioration of health. A hazardous B radioactive C wasteful D artificial Section B (0.5 point each) 26. I think the only _ to have towards the business we are is -the best is yet to come. A pose B inclination C attitude D instinct27. Chinas Olympic gold medalists are on a lecture _ across the country. A trip B journey C tour D visit 28. Id like to take this opportunity to _my heart-felt gratitude to all those present. A intend B extend C expose D content 29. Language is _ in the sense that there is no absolute standard by which to judge the acceptability of a sentence. A traditional B practical C conventional D habitual 30. Unless this issue is properly _, it will have serious implications for the future of these infants. A addressed B preserved C cited D edited 31. Readers will find that a librarys collection of books usually _ two categories: fiction and non-fiction. A falls into B runs into C separates into D turns into 32. President Clinton has given an advisory panel of experts just 90 days to _proposals for government action. A come up with B let out at C put to use D bear in mind 33. The footsteps of countless visitors have _the threshold of the building. A torn down B worn out C worn away D torn off 34. Because of the important nature of the letter, it was classified as _ A sacred B outstanding C confidential D valuable35. After a weekend of intense political _ the three main parties agreed to work together to form a government. A speculation B specification C separation D segregation Part III Close Test ( 10 minutes, 15 points, 1 point each) A recent report on population trend conducted by the think 36 of the Worldwatch Institute identifies signs of slowing growth in some countries. It says populations in 32 countries - all in the industrialized world - have stabilized because of declining birthrates. But in a handful of developing countries where population is slowing, the cause isnt something to 37 , because more people are dying. This trend is called “population fatigue”, and its beginning in many of the developing countries that have experienced 38 birthrates and sharp population growth for several decades. Governments in these countries are now having trouble dealing with feeding, housing and educating an increasing number of children, 39 at the same time confronting the falling water 40 , deforestation and soil erosion that rapid population growth brings. In these countries any new threat- infectious disease, drought or famine- can become a 41 crisis. AIDS is a case 42 . WHO estimates that one-quarter of the adult population of Zimbabwe and Botswana are infected with the AIDS virus, 43 , these countries stands to lose at least one-quarter of their labor force in the next decade from AIDS alone, a situation 44 since the yellow fever swept through Europe in the 14th century. Social unrest is also increasing in these countries. One example is the 45 conflict between the Tutsis and the Hutus in Rwanda, where population pressure reduced cropland 46 where it could no longer feed those who lived on it. Demands on the world fisheries and shared water resources are likely to spark similar conflicts. Already the waters of the Nile are so heavily used that little reaches the Mediterranean, so any increase in demand or 47 in allocation will also increase tension. The bottom line is that human population growth is 48 to slow one way or the other. Developing societies will either recognize problems 49 the horizon and act to encourage smaller families -or unchecked births will have their 50 in rising death rates. 36. A group B panel C tank D council 37. A confound B console C congratulate D celebrate 38. A diminishing B soaring C swerving D plunging 39. A while B as C nevertheless D whereas 40. A table B level C scale D index 41. A full-length B full-hearted C full-time D full-blown 42. A in mind B in sum C in point D in line 43. A e.g. B i.e. C etc. D et al. 44. A unchallenged B unparalleled C paralleled D challenged 45. A longstanding B immortal C tedious D past 46. A into an account B at a degree C to a point D by an extent 47. A increase B inclination C share D shift 48. A designed B designated C destined D defined 49. A on B at C in D to 50. A value B cost C pay D price Part IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Passage One Christopher Sercye, 15, was playing basketball in his neighborhood when a gun fight erupted. Sercye, an innocent bystander, was shot by three teenage gang members. Fortunately for Sercyc, all of this occurred next to Ravenswood Hospital in Chicago, Illinois. At least one would think, if you were shot it would be fortunate to be next to a hospital. But unfortunately , the Hospital emergency room workers refused to treat him as he lay breeding to death in the alley outside the hospital, saying the hospital policy forbidden them from going outside. Until 30 minutes after the shooting ,a frustrated policeman finally took him inside. Sercye died an hour later. Many people accused the hospital and their workers of violating the Good Samaritan Law. Good Samaritan Laws first came to main-stream attention after France photographers were charged in France with not coming to Princess Dianas aid after her fatal car crash. Most European countries have Good Samaritan Laws. Minnesota, Vermont and Wisconsin are the only American states that have Good Samaritan Laws. According to experts, even when no duty is spelled out people may have common-law obligations to provide aid in emergencies. There is no group more qualified to help in an emergency such as a shooting than those in a hospital. To rely entirely on others to bring the injured to them is ridiculous when the injured are dying right outside their building. Policies need to be changed, laws need to be written and Ravenswood Hospital should to be prosecuted and made an example of so this never happens again. 51. The main purpose of the author in writing this article is _ A to reveal the serious situation of school shooting in the US B to tell us the misfortune of Christopher Sercye C to tell us something about the Good Samaritan Law D to condemn the hospital workers for their misconduct 52. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A The Good Samaritan laws are to punish the hospital workers for refusing to treat the injured in an emergency. B Minnesota, Vermont and Wisconsin are the only states that have the Good Samaritan Laws. C The Good Samaritan Law first came into effect in France. D The Good Samaritan Law requires a person to summon aid or help in an emergency. 53. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A It is an obligation for the French photographers to rescue Princess Diana in the car crash. B The hospital and their workers have violated their state law. C Gang violence is a serious problem in Chicago. D What the hospital and their workers did was against the very nature of their purpose. 54. By “spelled out” ( in paragraph 4) , the author most probably means _ A bound to by law B shown in a written form C stated clearly D formulated by the law makers. Passage Two Excessive sugar has a strong mal-effect on the functioning of active organs such as the heart, kidneys and the brain. Shipwrecked sailors who ate and drank nothing but sugar for nine days surely went through some of this trauma. This incident occurred when a vessel carrying a cargo of sugar was shipwrecked in 1793. The five surviving sailors were finally rescued nine days after the accident. They were in a wasted condition due to starvation, having consumed nothing but sugar. French physiologist F. Magendie was inspired by that incident to conduct a series of experiments with animals. In the experiments, he fed dogs a diet of sugar and water. All the dogs wasted and died. The shipwrecked sailor and the French physiologists experimental dogs proved the same point. As a steady diet, sugar is worse than nothing. Plain water can keep you alive for quite some time. Sugar and water can kill you. Humans (and animals) are “unable to subsist on a diet of sugar”. The dead dogs in Professor Magendies laboratory alerted the sugar industry to the hazards of free scientific inquiry. From that day to this, the sugar industry have invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes, subsidized science. The best scientific names that money could buy have been hired, in the hope that they could one day come up with something at least pseudoscientific in the way of glad tidings about sugar. It has been proved , however, that (1) sugar is a major factor in dental decay; (2) sugar in a persons diet does cause overweight; (3) removal of sugar from diets has cured symptoms of crippling, worldwide diseases such as diabetes, cancer and heart illnesses. Sir Frederick Banting noticed in 1929 that, among sugar plantation owners who ate large amounts of their refined stuff diabetes was common. Among native cane-cutters, who only got to chew the raw cane, he saw no diabetes. However, the story of the public relations attempts on the part of the sugar manufacturers began in Britain in 1808 when the Committee of West India reported to the House of Commons that a prize of twenty-five guineas (英旧币，值21先令) had been offered to anyone who could come up with the most satisfactory experiments to prove that unrefined sugar was good for feeding and fattening oxen, cows, hogs and sheep. Food for animals is often seasonal, always expensive. Sugar, by then, was dirt cheap. People werent eating it fast enough. Naturally, the attempt to feed livestock with sugar in England in 1808 was a disaster. 55. All of the following are true about sugar EXCEPT _ A Refined sugar alone can be a diet for people to live on for a few days. B Sugar can cause diabetes, cancer and heart diseases. C Unrefined sugar was once good and very cheap if used to feed and fatten livestock. D Sugar cant be used as a daily diet. 56. Sugar manufacturers have _ A tried hard to make experiments on their own with sugar on humans and animals. B invested millions of dollars in buying best names of scientists to sell sugar. C hoped to encounter some scientific findings about sugar. D tried hard to establish public relations in order to open the market for sugar. 57. The word “trauma” ( in paragraph 1) most probably means _ A diseased condition B dangerous situation C terrible shipwreck D excessive sugar intake 58. The sugar manufacturers have invested millions of dollars in behind-the-scenes, subsidized science because they _ A began to realize the benefits of scientific experiments. B began to realize the hazards of eating sugar. C were afraid that the trade of sugar would be prohibited by the government. D hoped to find something pleasing, even in the guise of science, about sugar. 59. In the last part of the passage, the sentence “Food for animals is often seasonal, always expensive” means food for animals is often _ A different and expensive in different seasons. B similar and expensive in different seasons. C seasoned and expensive D eaten with spices and thus expensive 60. We can safely conclude that _ A people in the 19th century were eager to eat sugar. B if shipwrecked sailors had drunk fresh water, things would have been even worse. C one or more scientists have been hired to cheat in regard to sugar. D scientists can do nothing without the money subsidized secretly. Passage Three Undoubtedly, Internet technology will change the way we live, work , communicate and do business. But beware of those (who proclaim this to be a New Era of profitability). As in the so-called New Eras of the past- brought on by earlier technological breakthroughs- this one carries the seeds of its own destruction. The phenomenal growth of Internet businesses is already fueling a Klondike-style gold rush, with far too many diggers looking for far too little gold. Economics teaches us that it is hard to become an upstart with a basically free commodity. Think of ice in the Arctic, sand in the desert, seawater in the ocean or, for that matter, the seemingly unlimited “hot air” on the Net. In the 20th century, the proliferation of cars , radios, movies, televisions, mass retailers and computers all inspired a sense that we had begun a New Era. Each breakthrough promised new riches and unprecedented industrial boom -proved to be disastrous for most investors. But in the long run, they always failed to deliver to investors the expected rewards. Why the letdown? In part because every great innovator invariably attracted great imitators, who competed with the original and eventually depressed his “excessive” profit margin by commoditizing the invention. Furthermore, great inventions have always been followed by greater innovations, which, through the process known as creative destruction, render the previous new technology obsolete. And when inventions become vital to the economy, they are frequently brought under the control of governments via regulation, nationalization and, in extreme cases, expropriation. Take the Erie Canal, which was completed in 1825. Its success led to the great American canal boom of the 1830s. It ended just a few years later in a tremendous failure, as most of the other canals failed to make money. The Eire, too , began to suffer from competition, first from railroads and, eventually, from trucks. In the end, the railroad industry-which helped create an unprecedented industrial boom-proved to be disastrous for most investors. By 1895, most U.S. railroads had to be restructured. Now-familiar technologies like cars, radios , cash registers and mainframe computers were all at some point new and revolutionary. But the spread of the technologies led inevitably to the demise of their creators “excessive” profits, as each became just another commodity. Dont think for a minute that the internet will be any different. 61. The purpose of this passage is _ A to pour cold water on the booming Internet industry. B to exemplify why New Eras of the past failed. C to justify the profitability of Internet business. D to explore the prosperity and decline of New Eras. 62. It is implied in the passage that _ A most Internet companies are unlikely to be out of business soon. B after beating the competitors, the survived Internet companies can achieve some meaningful earnings. C the growth of the Internet businesses is too fast. D the spread of a new invention can make people live better. 63. The current booming of Internet industry is compared to _ A ice in the Arctic B sand in the desert C seawater in the ocean D a Klondike-style gold rush 64. All the following account for the letdowns of New Eras of the past EXCEPT _ A the emergence of imitation after innovation. B the competition between imitation and innovation. C even greater innovation after great invention. D exclusive intervention by the government. 65. The Erie Canal is mentioned in the passage because _ A its success led to the great American canal boom in the 1830s. B it ended just a few years later in a tremendous failure. C it suffered from competition from railroads and trucks. D it proved to be less profitable than its investors expected. 66. The word “demise” in the last paragraph most probably means _ A profitability B prospers C termination C destruction Passage Four In 1957, a Ft. Lee. NJ drive-in theater tachistoscopically flashed the words DRINK COCA COLA and EAT POPCORN for 1/3000th of a second every 5 seconds throughout the movie during a 6-week run of the film Picnic. The subliminal (下意识) message was the brainchild of NY market re