报刊选读--新闻修辞.ppt

英语新闻中的修辞手段,修辞手段的作用,有助于增强报刊的生动性，可读性和现场感。 有助于传情，即委婉地表达记者的“立场”和“意见”。 有助于“达意”。面对大众文化的不同需求，一些专业领域的报道只有通过浅显易懂的比喻等修辞手段才能使读者明白。,音韵修辞格（phonetic rhetoric),主要作用是增强语言的节奏感和音律美，以使新闻语言的表达更为生动形象，更具有感染力。音韵修辞格的常见形式包括： alliteration (头韵） assonance (元晕） consonance (辅韵） end rhyme (尾韵） onomatopoeia (拟声）,e.g.: 1. glorious profits allow glamorous pleasure. 2. to many parents, the three gs gays , guns and gangs have replaced the three rs as bench makers of school life. 3. tom carvel, 84, the ice-cream tycoon whose voice a near- indiscernible mix of grumble, mumble, rasp and gasp peddled his company s wares in radio and tv ads for 35 years,比喻（figure of speech),俗称打比方，是以此喻彼的修辞手段， 即以人们熟知的事物去描绘， 说明不熟知或比较抽象的事物，使人读后产生某种联想。 simile (明喻） flying into hong kong by night is like coming upon a bouquet of neon in a moonless forest. metaphor (暗喻） our love affair with cars the bulls feet of clay,双关 （pun),homophonic pun (谐音双关) 利用同音异义词 （homophone) ,紧凑双重情景（double context ),增添不同的感情色彩，取得英语修辞的特殊效果。 only half of poles go to polls tick, tock, tick, talk 1.21 北京西站开步走,homographic pun ( 词义双关） 就是巧妙运用同形异义词（homonym) ，紧扣双从情境，从而造成诙谐的效果。 i finally figured out how government works. the senate gets the bill from the house. the president gets the bill from the senate. and we get the bill for everything.,借用典故 （allusion),又称引喻，也是经常用于新闻报道及其标题的修辞格， 指人们在日常谈话和写作中引用典故， 谚语，成语，俗语，神话，传说，文学名著及历史材料。它是一种能使新闻标题言简义丰，形象生动，富有哲理的修辞方式。 1.both sides are looking for a virgin birth, a deal with no obvious father. 2.the old man and the economic sea. 3. much ado about droppings: who should clean up after londons pigeons?,夸张 （hyperbole),指一种故意夸大其词或言过其实（overstatement) 的修辞手法，其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张描写，以此来取得强烈的修辞效果。 i was just then ,12:40 p.m. local time (6:40 a. m. edt), that associated press photographer william foley said: “ all hell broke loose.” ( the newsday, oct.7, 1981),委婉语（euphemism),不是直接地正面表达某种思想，意思，而是借助转义形式换一种角度或者换一种说法来寄寓或暗示真意， 以取得理想的表达效果的修辞方式。 1. such measures may promote employers to rebuff senior citizens. some of these problems may disappear if companies elect to create more jobs for the elderly in the years ahead.,英语报刊中的常见委婉语： 1.displaced person refugee 2.conflict war 3.econimic slowdown economic recession 4.revenue gap deficit 5.adult film erotic film 6. pro-choice abortion,对照（antithesis),又称对偶或对仗， 是用一对数字相等， 语法结构相同或相似的词组或句子连在一起， 来表达相似， 相关， 相对， 相反的意思的修辞方式。 1. if the economy stays down, can conservatives stay up? 2. why we love to hate woman bosses 3. that is one step for man, one giant leap for mankind.,借代 （metonymy),也叫做“换名”（change of name).被借代的事物叫本体（object), 用来代替的事物叫代体（substitute).借代的运用基础是联想，两个相互借代的事物必然紧密相关， 存在某种现实的联系。 1. the pen is mig