2018高考英语二轮复习高考题型组合练14阅读理解+阅读理解+阅读七选五.docx

高考题型组合练14阅读理解阅读理解阅读七选五.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2017南阳高三模拟)(导学号 58210055)Suppose you have three things：a piece of wood，a nail and a hammer.Pretend the wood is a person，and the nail is a mean rumor(谣言) about that person.If you hammer the nail in，youre obviously hurting him or her.If you then pull out the nail，theres still a hole in the wood，and the damage has been done.There are many reasons why that nail of a rumor can be so harmful.Rumors are，quite simply，a form of bullying(欺侮)When a person or a group makes up a rumor about someone or decides to spread gossip，its usually to hurt someone，break up a friendship，or make someone less popular.Its the same thing as teasing，only its done behind someones back instead of to his or her face.When you spread a rumor about someone，youre sending a signal that the person is outside the group，and somehow less worthy of friendship than others.Youre making fun of that person or pointing out negative things about him or her.This can let others think that its OK to make the person feel bad，and make him or her an outsider.We need to be able to trust our friends，but gossip and rumors can break this trust.If you tell a personal secret to a friend，and he turns around and tells it to someone else，you might feel like you will get burned if you ever get close to him again.Letting a rumor influence your behavior is like letting someone else make a big decision for you.Lets say you hear that a teacher plans to call a Snowy Day tomorrow because a blizzard(暴风雪) is coming.Expecting a day off，you dont do your homework as usual.The next morning，the blizzard turns out to be nothing more than a drizzle(毛毛雨)，and school isnt off after all.You get zeroes on your work.【语篇解读】本文用木头、钉子和锤子三者的比喻解释了谣言为什么会带来伤害。1If a rumor is spread about someone，others may_Akeep away from him or herBpoint out his or her advantagesCnot feel he or she is an outsiderDbe hurt if getting close to him or her again解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When you spread a rumor about someone，youre sending a signal that the person is outside the group，and somehow less worthy of friendship than others.”可知，当你散播谣言的时候，会把那个人排斥在集体之外，让其他人觉得那个人不值得交往而疏远他，故A项正确。答案：A2To tell the rumor and the teasing apart，you depend on_Awhether it is painful or notBwhether it is done behind someoneCwhether it is a kind of bullyingDwhether it is spread fast解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Its the same thing as teasing，only its done behind someones back instead of to his or her face.”可知，区别谣言和戏弄是看它是否在某人的背后进行的，故B项正确。答案：B3From the last paragraph，we can infer that_Ait is hard to keep rumors a secretBrumors can destroy your interest in learningCrumors can control your whole lifeDbelieving rumors can lead to bad choices解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Letting a rumor influence your behavior is like letting someone else make a big decision for you.”可知，相信谣言会让人做出不好的选择，故D项正确。答案：D4The purpose of this passage is to_Aadvise on how to deal with rumorsBteach us how to judge a rumorCexplain why rumors hurtDfind out why rumors spread fast解析：写作意图题。通读全文，特别是由前两段内容可知，本文主要解释了谣言为什么会带来伤害，故C项正确。答案：CB(2017济宁二模)A new international study shows that some peoples biological clock plays a powerful role for their life expectancy，regardless of lifestyle choices.Published in the latest issue of Aging on Wednesday，the study has found the most definitive evidence to explain why some people keep healthy lifestyle but die younger than others.Geneticist Steve Horvath from the University of California，Los Angeles (UCLA)，led a team of 65 scientists around the world to record age-related changes to human DNA，analyse blood samples collected from 13，000 people and estimate their lifespan.A higher biological age，regardless of actual age，consistently predicts an earlier death，the study says.“You get people who are vegan，sleep 10 hours a day，have a low-stress job，and still end up dying young，”Horvath said in a statement.“We have shown some people have a faster innate aging rate.”The findings discovered that 5 percent of the population ages at a faster biological rate，which translated to a roughly 50 percent higher than average risk of death at any age.“The great hope is that we find anti-aging interventions that would slow your innate aging rate，”Horvath said，adding that “this is an important milestone to realizing this dream.”【语篇解读】有些人保持着良好的生活习惯却还是会英年早逝，这是为什么呢？看看科学家有怎样的发现吧。5Some people keep healthy lifestyle but die younger than others because_Atheir biological clock is not powerful enoughBthe most definitive evidence has been foundCthey have a higher actual age than othersDthey age at a relatively faster biological rate解析：细节细节题。根据第四段最后一句“We have shown some people have a faster innate aging rate”可知，生活习惯良好的人却早逝是因为他们先天的老化更快，D项意为“他们的老化速度相对更快”，符合题意故正确答案为D。答案：D6How was the study conducted?ABy collecting and analyzing data.BBy interviewing lots of people.CBy researching previous studies.DBy studying different lifestyles.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“.record age-related changes to human DNA，analyse blood samples collected from 13，000 people and estimate their lifespan”可知，研究通过记录与年龄相关的 DNA 的变化，和分析血液样本来预估实验者的寿命。A项意为“通过收集和分析数据”，符合题意。故正确答案为A。答案：A7According to the study，it can be inferred that_Apeople who keep healthy lifestyle tend to live longerBpeoples lifespan can be predicted by their ageC5 percent of people are believed to have a faster innate aging rateDanti-aging interventions have proved to slow the innate aging rate解析：推判断断题。根据最后一段第一句“The findings discovered that 5 percent of the population ages at a faster biological rate”可知，5%的人有更快的老化速度。C项正确。A项，根据第二段“.why some people keep healthy lifestyle but die younger than others”可知，人们就算保持健康的生活方式也有可能英年早逝。A项错误。B项，根据第四段第一句“A higher biological age，regardless of actual age，consistently predicts an earlier death”可知，预测人的寿命并不能通过实际年龄。B项错误。D项，根据最后一段第二句“The great hope is that we find anti-aging interventions that would slow your innate aging rate”可知，抗衰老的干预措施只是有可能减缓先天衰老速度，还没有被证实一定会。D项错误。故正确答案为C。答案：C8Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AWe all should keep healthy lifestyleBGeneticist finds anti-aging interventionsCBiological clock predicts life expectancyDHorvath builds an important milestone.解析：主旨大意题。第一段主要讲生物钟在人的寿命预测中起着重要作用。第二到四段主要讲那些保持良好生活习惯的人早逝主要因为他们先天老化速率高于其他人，第五段主要讲科学家们发现了通过干涉来抗衰老的办法。综上所述，本文主要围绕了生物钟能预测寿命来展开，C项意为“生物钟预测寿命”，符合文意。故正确答案为C。答案：C.阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2017广州一模)Weve all experienced peer pressure (同伴压力)It happens to everybody.However，people have different reactions.Confident people refuse to do things they dont want to do，but shy and anxious people often give in.It may be because they want to be liked.It may be because they worry that their friends will make fun of them，or perhaps theyre just curious about trying something new._1_Its hard being the only one who says no and the question is：how do you do it？_2_If you think that missing maths，or smoking，or going somewhere you know your parents wouldnt like is a bad idea then the answer is simple：dont do it.Its your decision，nobody elses.You dont need to be aggressive.You dont need to shout and scream，but you must be confident and you must be firm.You need to say，“No thanks.I dont want to do that.”Being on your own against everybody else is very hard，so it can really help to have at least one other peer，or friend，who will say no too._3_You want friends who will support you when youre in trouble.You dont want people who will always agree with the majority.Remember，the most popular people arent always the most trustworthy._4_You can learn a lot from people your own age.They can teach you great football skills or the best way to do your maths homework.They can recommend music and advise you on fashion.And dont forget you can tell them things too，and that always feels great.So，find friends who have similar interests.And remember，friendship isnt about feeling depressed and guilty._5_AChoose your friends