高中英语专题Unit5Thepowerofnature1WarmingUpPre_readingReadingComprehending试题.docx

专题Unit 5 The power of nature 1 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading Comprehending. 根据词性及汉语写出本课时单词及其拓展形式1. _ (n.) 灰；灰末2. _ (n.) 问卷；调查表3. _ (adv.) 在旁边；沿着边 (prep.) 在旁边；沿着的边4. _(n.) 波浪；波涛 (vi.) 波动；起伏；挥手5. _ (vi.& vt.) 泉水般地喷出或涌出 (n.) 喷泉；源泉6. _ (n.) 一套外衣；套装 (vt.) 适合；使适宜7. _ (n.) 潜在性；可能性；潜能 (adj.) 可能的；潜在的8. erupt (vi.) (指火山) 爆发；突然发生 _ (n.) 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发9. equip (vt.) 装备；使有能力 _ (n.) 设备；装备10. appoint (vt.) 任命；委派 _ (n.) 任命；委派11. evaluate (vt.) 评估；评价；估计 _ (n.) 评估；评价12. _ (adj.) 绝对的；完全的 absolutely (adv.) 绝对的；完全地13. actual (adj.) 实在的；实际的 _ (adv.) 实在地；实际地，事实上. 根据汉语意思补全下面的短语1. share sth._sb. 与某人分享某物2. compared_ 和比起来3. protect._. 保护免受4. be appointed_ 被任命为5. burn_ the ground 全部焚毁6. _the distance 在远方7. _ones way 前往8. be enthusiastic_ 对充满热情【参考答案】. 1.ash 2.questionnaire 3. alongside 4. wave 5. fountain 6. suit 7. potential 8. eruption 9.equipment 10. appointment 11. evaluation 12. absolute 13. actually . 1. with 2.with 3. from 4. as 5. to 6.in 7.make 8.about之词汇篇Point 1. erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生Violence erupted after the football match. 足球赛后突然发生了暴力事件。An active volcano may erupt at any time. 活火山随时可能喷发。 erupt into突然发出(尤其指叫喊) eruption nC&U爆发The little girl erupted into cry.那个女孩突然大哭起来。Signs of dangerous social eruption, actually were few. 具有危险性的社会骚动迹象是很少的。图解助记erupt, explode, burst选用erupt/explode/burst的适当形式填空1)In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.2)The bomb _ at a great distance from their observation point.3)No one knows when the social volcano below modern society will _.答案：1)burst2)exploded3)eruptPoint 2. alongside adv.在旁边；沿着边prep.在旁边；沿着的边The police car pulled up alongside. 那辆警车在旁边停下了。He parked his car alongside the fence. 他把车顺着围墙停放。The car drew up alongside the road 小汽车在路边停了下来。alongside of在旁边；与并排alongside with与一起；除以外beside prep.在旁边；在近旁补全句子杰克赶上了我，与我并排驾车齐驱。Jack _ _ _ me and rode _.答案：caught up with; alongsidePoint 3. equipmentU n. 设备；装备Our school has been given some new equipment.我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。They have bought a piece of equipment for the kitchen.他们买了一套厨房设备。equip vt. 装(配)备；使有能力equip sb./sth. with.用装备equip sb. for.使某人为做好准备；使某人能够做某事equip sb./sth. to do sth.使某人/物具备条件做某事The factory is equipped with modern machinery.这家工厂装备了现代化的机器设备。His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people. 他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。equipment, appliance, instrumentequipment指成套的设备，是不可数名词，没有复数，也不能直接加不定冠词。appliance多指(家庭)器具、用具(a tool or machine that you use in home to do cooking or cleaning)。instrument尤指精细工作或科学上所用的仪器，家庭生活和普通劳动中的用具不用这个词，常用于借喻中。1. 判断正误这是件很有用的厨房用具。1) Its a very useful kitchen equipment.()2) Its a very useful piece of kitchen equipment.()2. 用恰当形式填空1)While it is hoped that college students should _ (equip) with the ability to take a good set of notes, this is not always the case.2)The new _(equip) was intended for the disabled during the 9th National Paralympics.答案：1. 1) 2) 2. 1)be equipped句意：尽管希望大学生具备记好笔记的能力，但是情况并不总是这样。本题考查被动语态。根据语境“具备能力”推知“用装备”，此处主语与动词equip为逻辑上的被动关系，故推知用被动语态。2)equipment句意：在第九届国家残疾人运动会期间打算为残疾人购置一些新设备。本题考查名词。根据语境“打算”推知是举办运动会所需“设施”。Point 4. appoint vt.任命；委派；约定，安排The oldest general was appointed (to be) marshal of the armies. 那位老将军被任命为部队元帅。He was appointed to the vacant post.他被委派填补那个空缺。We must appoint a day to meet again.我们必须要约定好下次会面的日期。(1)appoint. as.任命为appoint sb. to sth.委派某人appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人干(2)派生词：appointment n. 任命；预约；约定break an/ones appointment违约；失约have an appointment with sb. at在某时间和某人有约会keep an/ones appointment守约make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会They appointed him (as) manager.他们任命他为经理。A lawyer was appointed to represent the child.一位律师被指定为这个孩子的代理律师。Id like to make an appointment with the doctor.我想和医生预约一下。They appointed him_captain of the English team.A. forB. with C. onD. as【答案】D【解析】句意：他们任命他为英格兰队队长。appoint sb. as/to be.表示任命某人为。Point 5. evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计We need to evaluate how well the policy is working. 我们需要对政策产生的效果作出评价。I think its too early to evaluate her work. 我认为对她的工作作出评价为时尚早。The school has only been open for six months, so its hard to evaluate its success. 该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。 (1)evaluation n. 估计；评估；评价evaluation method评价方法evaluation factor评价因素(2)常见用法：evaluate water quality评价水质evaluate ones ability评估某人的能力evaluate the value/quality of sth.评估某物的价值/质量evaluate/estimate/valueevaluate表示评价，有时也用来表示评估；估计某物的市场价值。estimate表示的估计只是猜测，甚至只是一种想法。value估计某物的价值、价格。The research project has only been under way for three months, so its too early to evaluate its success. 这个研究项目才进行了三个月，所以要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。We estimated that it would cost about 5000 dollars. 我们估计它要花约5000美元。The car has been valued at over 20 000 dollars. 这辆小汽车被估价为2万多美元。 选用evaluate/estimate/value的适当形式填空1）Our research attempts to _ the effectiveness of the different drugs.2）I really _ him as a friend.3）It is _(that) the project will last four years.答案：1）evaluate2）value3）estimatedPoint 6. suit n. 一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜Id love to be introduced to the man wearing a business suit. 我想认识穿公务装的那个男人。It is almost impossible to find a time that suits everybody. 要想找到适合每个人的时间几乎是不可能的。I dont think this coat suits me.我认为这件衣服不适合我。fit/suit/matchfit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适；吻合、协调。suit指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件或衣服的颜色、款式、花样与人的身材、身份相称。match意为使相称，使相配，使匹配，指事物在大小、色调、性质、形状等方面的搭配。The trousers dont fit him; they are too small.这条裤子不合他的身，太小了。It suits me if you come to work at eight oclock.如果你八点来上班我就满意了。These shoes do not match. One is large and the other is small.这鞋不相配，一只大，一只小。用suit，fit或match的适当形式填空1)I cant find clothes to _ me. They are either too big or too small.2) Late afternoon will _ me.3)The curtains dont _ the paint.4) The color of the cloth _ a woman at my wifes age.答案：1）fit2）suit3）match4）suitsPoint 7. potential adj.可能的；潜在的The dispute has scared away potential investors.这一争端吓走了潜在的投资者。She has acting potential, but she needs training.她有表演潜力，但需要训练。potentially adv.潜在地The bridge is potentially dangerous.这座桥有潜在的危险。 汉译英他是一个非常有潜力的年轻歌手。_答案：He is a young singer with great potential.Point 8. burn to the ground全部焚毁The building was burnt to the ground due to the fireworks. 放烟火使得大楼全部焚毁。With their houses burnt to the ground，they had no place to live in. 他们的房子被焚为平地，无处可住。burn down把烧成平地，烧光burn off烧掉burn out烧光，烧完burn away逐渐烧完；烧光；烧毁burn up烧起来，旺起来；烧尽，烧毁burnto death烧死完成句子1)那根蜡烛已经烧掉了一半。 Half the candle _ _ _.(burn)2)宇宙飞船在进入大气层时被烧毁。 The spacecraft _ _ as it entered the earths atmosphere.(burn)答案：1)had burnt away2)burned upPoint 9. in the distance在远处You can see the ruins in the distance.你可以看到远处的废墟。 (1)distant adj.遥远的；远处的；久远的(2)at a distance从远处，隔一段距离keep ones distance保持距离keep sb. at a distance冷落某人；对某人保持疏远from a distance从远方The painting can be only admired at a distance.这幅画要在远处欣赏。He is a distant cousin of mine.他是我的一位远房表亲。补全句子再走五英里，直到我们到达远处的那座山。Another five miles until we reach the mountain _ _ _.答案：in the distancePoint 10. make ones way前往，成功When the concert ended，I made my way out of the hall. 音乐会结束时，我走出了大厅。If you want to make your way, you must learn to work hard when you are still young. 你要想成功，就得学会趁着年轻多多努力。elbow/shoulder/push ones way推挤前进，挤过去feel ones way(在黑暗中)摸索前进fight ones way奋勇前进inch ones way缓慢前进pick ones way谨慎前进lose ones way迷路find ones way找到出路weave ones way穿梭前进in a way在某种程度上wind ones way蜿蜒前进make way(for)(给)让路；让位(于)The Great Wall winds its way across North China like a huge dragon. 长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。Though surrounded by the enemies on all sides，the brave soldiers managed to fight their way out. 尽管被敌人四面包围，但英勇的战士们还是打出了一条路。补全句子1)在某种意义上，我同意你。 I agree with you _ _ _.2)我将把职务让给更年轻的人。 I shall _ _ _ a younger man.答案：1)in a way2)make way for之句式篇1. Yet，however weak we are, we are not completely powerless. 但是，不管我们有多么的脆弱，我们并不是完全无能为力的。这是一个however引导的让步状语从句，此处however为连词。要注意的是从句中的形容词或副词要放到however之后，主语之前。however相当于no matter how。Well have to finish the job，however long it takes. 无论要花多长时间，我们都得把工作做完。No matter how hard he works，he can not get a promotion. However hard he works, he can not get a promotion. 不管他工作多么努力，他就是得不到提升。No matter how he did it，it was a great success. However he did it，it was a great success. 无论他是怎么完成的，这都是一个巨大的成功。however的其他用法：(1)(conj.) 不管怎样；无论如何However I cook eggs, the child still refuses to eat them. 不管我用什么方法煮鸡蛋，小孩还是不肯吃。Dress however you like. 你喜欢怎么穿就怎么穿。(2)(adv.) 然而；不过；仍然Id like to go with you; however, my hands are full. 我很想和你一块儿去，可是我忙不过来。He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 他说事情就是那样，不过他错了。However, I will do it in my own way. 可是，我将照我的方式去做。(3)(用以强调疑问词 how)(口语)到底究竟 如何However did you manage it? 这件事你究竟如何处理的？(表惊讶)However did you go yourself? 你一个人究竟是怎么去的？(表感动)用恰当词语填空1)(真题改编湖南)_ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.2)_ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread答案：(1)However(2)However2. This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall. 这是因为在岩石下落的基拉韦厄火山顶附近无人居住。This is because.这是因为；其中because引导的是表语从句；where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the top of Mount Kilauea。This is because he was ill yesterday. 这是由于他昨天生病的缘故。The area looks more beautiful, where many trees have been planted 那片区域看起来更美了，那里已经种植了很多的树。温馨提示because引导表语从句时，其主句的主语多为this，that或it。why/because/that引导的表语从句这三个词都可以引导表语从句，但用法和含义有区别：(1)why引导的从句可译为“()就是为什么”。如：Is that why you had a few days off? 那就是你请了几天假的原因吗？(2)because引导的从句解释事件的原因，可译为“()是因为”。如：That she works in a kindergarten is because she likes children. 她在幼儿园上班是因为她喜欢孩子。(3)that常用于“the reason why.is/was that.”结构中，该结构可译为“的理由/原因是”。如：The reason why I liked the film was that it was funny. 我喜欢这部电影的原因是它很搞笑。汉译英他上班迟到的原因是他偶然遇到了一起车祸。_答案：The reason why he was late for work was that he ran across an accident.3. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。本句含有be about to. when.句式，该句式表示正要这时(突然)。when在此为并列连词，意为就在这时(突然)。I was about to say when you interrupted me. 我正要说话的时候，你插嘴了。I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正要出去，电话铃响了。be doing sth. when.正在做某事，就在这时be going to do sth./on the point of doing sth. when.正在做某事，就在这时had just done sth. when.刚刚做完某事，就在这时We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 当时我们正在开会，突然有人闯了进来。She was on the point of watching TV when there was a power failure. 她刚要看电视，这时突然停电了。I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang. 我刚刚上床睡觉，突然电话铃响了。Tom was about to close the window _his attention was caught by a bird.A. whenB. ifC. andD. till【答案】A【解析】句意：汤姆正要关窗子，这时一只小鸟引起了他的注意。be about to do sth when.即将做某事，就在这时。4. I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance. 我赶紧跑出房间，来到后花园，在那儿我能远远地看见基拉韦厄火山。where I could see.为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the back garden，where在从句中作地点状语。如：My brother is so shy that hes always staying at the places where others seldom go. 我弟弟很腼腆，老是待在那些很少有人去的地方。where引导的定语从句和状语从句Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)以上两句中第一个where引导状语从句，后一个where引导定语从句。定语从句的先行词是the place，where引导的定语从句修饰place。状语从句中where引导的句子作地点状语，修饰动词(短语)make a mark。用恰当词语填空1)(真题改编江西)He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.2)(真题改编北京)Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected答案：1)where2)where . 单词拼写1Iceland volcanoes _(爆发) frequently last year.2Judging from what you did, you are an _(完全的)fool.3It has been _(估计) that the hurricane is coming to Hainan in three days.4Mr Wang was _(任命) as leader of our basketball team.5First we need to identify actual and _(潜在的) problems.6The _(实际的) price was much higher than we had expected7The local council is supplying new play _(设备) for the playground8The boat pulled up _(在旁边) the ship.9She wondered whether the dress s_ her.10My mother was in tears as I w_ goodbye to her. 根据汉语意思，将下列句子补充完整1. 买票之后我们走进了戏院。 _ _ _ _, we went into the theatre. (buy)2. 他向加油站驶去。 He _ _ _ _ the filling station. (make)3. 他随身携带街道图。 He _ _ _ a street plan. (equip)4. 我们正要出发突然下起雨来。 We _ _ _ _ when it began to rain. (start)5. 由于没有上课，他们昨天去公园了。 _ _ _ _, they went to the park yesterday. (there). 句型转换1Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation? Have you _ _ _ _where to go for your summer vacation?2Its geeting dark.We should go back to the hotel soon. Its getting dark.We should_ _ _to the hotel soon.3Many villages were completely destroyed by the fire during the war. Many villages were_ _ _ _during the war.4He always wears sunglasses because sunshine is bad for his eyes. He always wears sunglasses to_his eyes_sunshine.5Because it is Sunday today，I stay at home. _ _Sunday today，I stay at home. 单项填空1. This region which had been relatively calm erupted _ violence this spring.A. toB. withC. atD. into2. Michaels new house is like a huge palace，_with his old one.A. comparingB. compares C. to compare D. compared3. This is a very interesting book. Ill buy it，_.A. how much may it cost B. no matter how it may costC. however much it may cost D. how may it cost4. Do you think little Tom can do the work?No! Such fine work requires a good eye and a _ hand.A. steadyB. regularC. calmD. frequent5. Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.A. pack up B. build upC. bring up D. take up 6. The team leader should _ a team secretary to take and publish meeting notes.A. pointB. appointC. electD. pick7. How do you _ the general standard of education there?A. valueB. supposeC. evaluateD. imagine8. He was on the point of starting out _ Harran cut in.A. whileB. whenC. asD. although9. Though this was his most unfortunate time in his life, he was still _ his goal.A. going out of his wayB. having it both waysC. mending his waysD. making his way toI. 阅读理解AOne October morning, I got off the all-night train in Mandalay, a city in Myanmar. A rough man came up and offered to show me around. The price he asked was less than I would pay for a bar of chocolate at home. So I climbed into his trishaw(三轮车).As he was showing me around, he told me how he had come to the city from his village. Hed earned a degree in mathematics. His dream was to be a teacher. But of course, life is hard here, and so for now, this was the only way he could make a living. Many nights, he told me, he actually slept in his trishaw so he could catch the first visitors off the all-night train.And very soon, we found that in certain ways, we had so much in common-we were both in our 20s, we were both fascinated by foreign cultures-that he invited me home.So we turned off the wide, crowded streets, and came to rough, wild alleyways(小巷). I really lost my sense of where I was, and realized that I could easily get cheated or something even worse.Finally, he stopped and led me into a hut. And then he reached under his bed. Something in me froze. I waited to see what he would pull out. And finally he took out a box. Inside it was every single letter he had ever received from visitors from abroad.So when we said goodbye that night, I realized he had also shown me the secret point of travel, which is to go inwardly(向内心)as well as outwardly to places you would never go otherwise, to go into uncertainty, even fear.At home, its dangerously easy to think were on top of things. Out in the world, you are reminded every moment that youre not, and you cant get to the bottom of things, either.1. What do we know about the trishaw puller?A. He used to be a teacherB. He works very hardC. He is a foreigner in MyanmarD. He received little education2. Why did the author freeze in front of the bed?A. He was feeling very coldB. He didnt expect to see the lettersC. He was shocked by the rooms bad conditionD. He thought the young man was going to hurt him3. What is the authors opinion on travel?A. Fear nothingB. Follow your heartC. Enjoy the beauty of lifeD. Be prepared for the unexpected4. What does the phrase “get to the bottom of things” mean in the last paragraph?A. Solve the problemsB. Find out the truthC. Get to know the place reallyD. Learn about the bottom of societyBThere exist cruel wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, so its not only necessary, but also essential to h