北京航空航天大学2010年MTI翻译硕士英语考研真题.doc

北京航空航天大学2010年翻译硕士英语考研真题试卷科目：211翻译硕士英语MTI考研迅速提分材料 认真学习可以得到400分 搞定一切学校文章来源：/luckymti 整理：博文MTI(专业学位) 科目代码：211 科目名称：翻译硕士英语 专业领域：翻译硕士 考生须知：答题必须使用黑(蓝色墨水(圆珠)笔；不得在试题(草稿)纸上作答；凡未按规定作答均不予评阅、判分。 Part I Vocabulary (30 points)Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this partFor each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C and DChoose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence1The is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on peoples livesAzephyr Bzodiac Czyme Dzest2Its a timetableSometimes lessons happen，sometimes they dontAhaphazard Bodious Chaughty Dhandicapped3The poor manclothes were so that they couldnt be repaired any moreAoozed Bragged Cmopped Dmocked4The actor amused the audience by some well-known peopleAembroidering Brigging Cyelping Dmimicking5No men was allowed to on the livelihood of his neighborAwade Binvoke Cmuffle Dinfringe6The machinery had been wrecked SO efficiently that police were sure it was a case of Avagabond Bsabotage Cparadox Dtachyon7The island is maintained as a for endangered speciesAwetlands Bsanctuary Cmire Dheath8The hunter kept the lions skin and head as .Atrophies Bfillet Ctulip Dclown9If you something，such as food or drink，you reduce its quality or make it weaker，for example by adding water to itAadulterate Bmoor Cvaccinate Dsue10The orphanage is just one of her causesAphonetic Bphilanthropic Cprevalent D. lunatic11Many animals display instincts only while their offspring are young and helplessAcerebral Bimperious Crueful Dmaternal12The guests，having eaten until they were ，now listened inattentively to the speakersAcontradicted Bsatiated Cgriped Dtrespassed13While she had the fever，she for hoursAraved Bsniggered Ctittered Dperforated14If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will youAscale Bscald Cshun Dshunt15The mice when the cat cameArambled B1ingered Csauntered Dscampered16The chimney is no longervolumes of waste gas into atmosphere，as protective filters are being usedAgiving away Bgiving off Cgiving in Dgiving up17At three Oclock a cold morning，he arrived hereAin Bat Con Dof18Im sure dirty， ?Aam I Barent I Cisnt I Dam not I1 9 ，there is no place like home，wherever you goAIt may be humble BAs humble it may beCHumble it may be DHumble as it may be20But for his help，I Adid not succeed Bhad not succeededCshould not have succeeded Dhave not succeeded2 1Try and calm yourself， your mind will be easy againAand Bor Cwhen Dbefore22The price of the real estate in this area may to unexpected values，so everyone should be conscious of the maximum price that he would want to pay for a particular propertyAstagger Bstink Csoar Dsuspend23Contrary to popular belief，epidemics do not occur after a natural disasterAspontaneously BsimultaneouslyChomogeneously Dinstantaneously24Immigration from countries and cultures that are with the cultural core of this nation has been generally prohibitedAinterior Binvisible Cincompatible Dintegral25This course is designed to help children such real life situations as separation and lossAcope with Bsettle down Cintervene in D. interfere with26Foreign language teachers of this university are busy designing a test of spoken English tothe original written examinationAcontaminate Bcompliment Ccomplement Dcoordinate27Idlers，no matter how poor they are，are always at finding reasons not to take action to improve their living conditionsAintrinsic Bingenious Cinitial Dinherent28As the graduation is drawing near，every student began to his futureAcompensate Bcontemplate Cjeopardize Dmanifest29Although the resistance groups do not show great military ，they frequently penetrate deep into the interiorAprowess Bprowl Cpsalm Dpsyche30The Great in the USA is 1 900 meters deep and 25 kilometers wide at its maximumACanyon BFord CAbyss DQuarryPartReading Comprehension(40 points)Section ADirections：There are 3 passages in this partEach passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statementsFor each of them there are our choices marked A，B，C and DYou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre(30)Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage“When more and more people are thrown out of work，unemployment results，”Calvin Coolidge once observedAs the USeconomy crumblesCoolidges silly maxim might appear to be as apt as ever：the number of unemployment insurance claims is rising，and overall joblessness is creeping upwardBut in todays vast and complex labor market，things arent always what they seemMore and more people are indeed losing their jobs but not necessarily because the economy appears to be in recessionAnd oldfashioned unemployment isnt the inevitable result of job lossNew work，at less pay，often isCall it newwave unemployment：structural changes in the economy are overlapping the business downturn，giving joblessness a grim new twistSmall wonder that the USunemployment rate is risingNow at 57 percentit is widely expected to edge toward 7 percent by the end of next yearBut statistics alone cant fully capture a complex realityThe unemployment rate has been held down by slow growth in the labor forcethe number of people working or looking for worksince few people sense attractive job opportunities in a weak economyInaddition，many more people are losing their jobs than are actually ending up unemployedFaced with hungry mouths to feed，thousands of women，for example，are taking two or more part-time positions or agreeing to shave the hours they work in servicesector jobsFor better and for worse，work in America clearly isnt what it used to beNow unemployment isnt，eitherLike sour old wine in new bottlesthis downturn blends a little of the old and the new reflecting a decades worth of change in the dynamic USeconomyYet，in many respects the decline is following the classic pattern，with new layoffs concentrated among bluecollar workers in the most “cyclical”industries，whose ups and downs track the economy most closelyAs the downturn attracts attention on workers ill fortunes，some analysts predict that political upheaval may lie aheadReal wages for the average USworker peaked in 1 973 and have been falling almost ever sinceAs a result，a growing group of downwardly mobile Americans could soon begin pressing policymakers to help produce better-paying jobsJust how loud the outcry becomes will depend partly on the course of the recessionBut in the long run，theres little doubt that the bleak outlook for jobs and joblessness is“politically，socially and psychologically dynamite”31Why does the author refer to Coolidges maxim as silly?AMore and more people are applying for unemployment insurance.BUnemployment rate is not likely to rise quickly nowadaysCLosing jobs doesnt necessarily lead to unemploymentDTodays labor market is much too complicated than Coolidges time32According to the passage，the unemployment rate has been kept under limits because.Athe number of the people in the work force slowly increasesBvery few people really lose their original jobsCless and less people are out finding new jobsDthe government has taken strong measures to control the unemployment rate33According to the passage，under the great pressure of life，many women Awill do a parttime job along with the fulltime jobBwould rather stay at home than apply for a parttime positionCwould be fired if they can not finish the job quicklyDwill agree to have their working hours shortened if required34The present downturn is similar to traditional ones in that Awe can never predict which way the economy will headBthe economic prospects have been unfavorable for 10 yearsCthe government has done relatively little to intervene the marketDphysical laborers are the chief victims of the economic decline35What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ABlue-collar workers are given less and less wages in recent yearsBThe unemployment problem may lead to serious social problemsCThe unemployment problem will probably become less serious in no timeDThe government will create more jobs with better pay in the near futurePassage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passageHormones in the BodyUp to the beginning of the twentieth century，the nervous system was thought to control all communication within the body and the resulting integration of behaviorScientists had determined that nerves ran，essentially，on electrical impulsesThese impulses were thought to be the engine for thought，emotion，movement，and internal processes such as digestion：However，experiments by William Bayliss and Ernest Starling on the chemical secretin，which is produced in the small intestine when food enters the stomach，eventually challenged that viewFrom the small intestine，secretin travels through the bloodstream to the pancreasThereit stimulates the release of digestive chemicalsIn this fashion，theintestinal cells that produce secretin ultimately regulate the production of different chemicals in a different organ，the pancreasSuch a coordination of processes had been thought to require control by the nervous system；Bayliss and Starling showed that it could occur through chemicals aloneThis discovery spurred Starting to coin the term hormone to refer to secretin，taking it from the Greek word hormon，meaning“to excite”or“to set in motion”A hormone is a chemical produced by one tissue to make things happen elsewhereAs more hormones were discovered，they were categorized，primarily according to the process by which they operated on the bodySome glands (which make up the endocrine system)secrete hormones directly into the bloodstreamSuch glands include the thyroid and the pituitaryThe exocrine system consists of organs and glands that produce substances that are used outside the bloodstream，primarily for digestionThe pancreas is one such organ，although it secretes some chemicals into the blood and thus is also part of the endocrine systemMuch has been learned about hormones since their discoverySome play such key roles in regulating bodily processes or behavior that their absence would cause immediate deathThe most abundant hormones have effects that are less obviously urgent but can be more farreaching and difficult to track：They modify moods and affect human behavior，even some behavior we normally think of as voluntaryHormonal systems are very intricateEven minute amounts of the fight chemicals can suppress appetite，calm aggression，and change the attitude of a parent toward a childCertain hormones accelerate the development of the body，regulating growth and form；others may even define an individuals personality characteristicsThe quantities and proportions of hormones produce change with age，so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with agingIn fact，some hormone therapies are already very commonA combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings，sudden changes in body temperature，and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle ageKnown as hormone replacement therapy(HRT)，the treatment was also believed to prevent weakening of the bonesAt least one study has linked HRT with a heightened risk of heart disease and certain types of cancerHRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clotsdangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vesselswill formSome proponents of HRT have tempered theirenthusiasm in the face of this new evidence，recommending it only to patients whose symptoms interfere with their abilities to live normal livesHuman growth hormone may also be given to patients who are secreting abnormally low amounts on their ownBecause of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body，such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without itGrowth hormone affects not just physical size but also the digestion of food and the aging processResearchers and family physicians tend to agree that it is foolhardy to dispense it in cases in which the risks are not clearly outweighed by the benefits36To be considered a hormonea chemical produced in the body must A. be part of the digestive processBinfluence the operations of the nervous systemCaffect processes in a different part of the bodyDregulate attitudes and behavior37The glands and organs mentioned in paragraph 3 are categorized according to .Awhether scientists understand their functionBhow frequently they release hormones into the bodyCwhether the hormones they secrete influence the aging processDwhether they secrete chemicals into the blood38Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sen- tence in the passage?AMost moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormones in the bodyBBecause the effects of hormones gage difficult to measure，scientists remain unsure how far reaching their effects on moods and actions areCWhen the body is not producing enough hormones，urgent treatment may be necessary to avoid psychological damageDThe influence of many hormones is not easy to measure，but they can affect both peoples psychology and actions extensively39Which patients are usually treated with growth hormone?AAdults of smaller statue than normalBAdults with strong digestive systemsCChildren who are not at risk from the treatmentDChildren who may remain abnormally small40Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy?AThe quantities and proportions of hormones produce change with age，SO scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with agingBA combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings，sudden changes in body temperature，and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle ageCHRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots-dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels-will formDBecause of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body，such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without itPassage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passageStudents of United States history，seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements，have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of womenThese historians，however，have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same periodFurthermore，the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because，even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring within the United States，they failed to recognize thatfeminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in EuropeAmerican feminist activists who have been described as“solitary” and “individual theorists”were in reality connected to a movementutopian socialismwhich was already popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that cachinnated in the first womens rights conference held at Seneca Falls，New York，in 1848Thus，a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United States requires that the geographical focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of so- cial conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminismThe earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-SimoniansThe specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has，however，been less studied than the groups contribution to early socialismThis is regrettable on two accountsBy 1 832 feminism was the central concern of Saint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherentsenergy；hence，by ignoring its feminism，European historians have misunderstood Saint-SimonianismMoreover，since many feminist ideas can be traced to Saint-Simonianism，European historians appreciation of later feminism in France and the United States remained limitedSaint-Simons followers，many of whom were womenbased their feminism on an interpretation of his project to reorganize the globe by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powersThe new world order would be ruled together by a male，to represent reflection，and a female，to represent sentimentThis complementarity reflects the fact that，while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both Sexes in their UtopiaOnly a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinctionThis minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born similar in capacity and character，and they ascribed malefemale differences to socialization and educationThe envisioned result of both currents of