动词短语教案整理版.doc

教 育 是 一 项 良 心 工 程！龙文教育个性化辅导授课案教师： 学生 时间：2013年 月 日 段第_次课课 题动词短语复习考点分析高考必考点，出现在单选、完形填空阅读等题型中重点难点1、同一个动词短语在初高中的不同意思。2、常见的动词短语辨析。3、注意动词短语中本身的动词意思以及后面的介词的意思，注意有的需要延伸义。欣 赏 您 的 孩 子，其 实 天 才 就 在 你 身 边！ 龙文教育网站： 授课内容： 动词短语辨析复习一、概述。 动词短语是指动词和介词或副词的习惯搭配。动词和动词短语是历年高考单项选择、完形填空等考查的核心热点，每年必考，一般占4-5道题。设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或动词短语（有时是同一动词与不同介词或副词的搭配）来测试考生在具体语境中对动词及动词短语意义的理解和实际运用能力。动词及动词短语的考查点多面广，综合性强，备受命题者青睐。因此，掌握一定的动词短语是必要的。平时要注意积累动词短语的用法。要注意解题技巧，在单选或者完形填空等中考查动词短语，首先要对常见的动词短语的意思进行熟记于心，同时一定要在理解语境的基础上，从语义逻辑、固定搭配、前后关系等角度去确定答案。在掌握动词短语时，不能死记短语，最好把短语放在句子中去理解，注意观察短语的异同之处，从而达到辨析，才能在考试中灵活使用。二、动词短语的常见考点集合。【考点一】考查同根动词短语的辨析这类试题的四个选项都是由同一个动词加不同的介词或副词构成。从历年高考试题来看，那些搭配能力强、语义丰富的常用动词短语是命题的重点对象。解答这类试题时，首先要注意到后面的副词或者介词自己本身的一般意思，一定要在理解语境的基础上，从语义逻辑、固定搭配、前后关系等角度去确定答案。（）真题演绎：（2011江苏卷,30You look upset. Whats the matter？ I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Bturned on Cturned off Dturned down常见的动词总结：1. 以break为中心的词组 break away from 脱离，逃离 break down瓦解；出故障，抛锚 break in 闯进，打断；使顺服 break into 闯入；强行进入；突然开始 break out 爆发， break the law 违反法律 break the record 破记录 break ones promise 失言 break up破碎；解散，分开，分解 2. 以catch为中心的词组 be caught doing 被发现做某事 be caught in the rain 淋雨 catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车 catch a cold 伤风，感冒 catch ones word 听懂某人的话 catch sight of 发现，瞥见 catch up with 赶上，追及，追上 3. 以come为中心的词组 come across 偶尔发现，想起；越过；偿付 come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现 come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击 come back 回来；恢复，复原 come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒 come from 来自，起源于，从产生，生于 come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次 come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成 come into power 开始执政，当权，当选 come into use 开始使用，获得应用 come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；（问题）被提出 come out 出来，传出；出版；结果是 come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于 come to an end 终止，结束 come to know 开始了解到 come true 实现，成为现实；证实 come up 走近；上楼；长出，发芽 4. 以do为中心的词组 be done in 精疲力竭 be done with 完全结束 do a good deed 做一件好事 do away with 去掉，废除； do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于 do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于 do its work 有效，有作用 do much 极有用 do wrong to 做错 do ones best 尽某人最大努力 do ones homework 做作业 do ones utmost 尽力而为 do sb. a favor 帮助某人 do well in 学得不错，干得漂亮 do with 和相处，忍受，处理 do without 不需要，不用 do wonders 创造奇迹 have much to do with 和很有关系 have nothing to do with 与无关 have something to do with 和有关 in doing so=in so doing 这时，在这种情况下 That will do. 行了；够了 5. 以get为中心的词组 get about 徘徊，走动，流传 get above oneself 自视高傲 get accustomed to 习惯于，对习以为常 get across 度过，通过，横过；说服，使理解 get ahead of 胜过，超过 get along 前进，进步；同意；离去 get along with 与相处 get at 发现，了解；掌握；攻击 get away 离开，逃脱 get back 取回，回来；报复 get behind 落后；识破 get down 咽下；写下；使沮丧，使抑郁 get down to 认真对待，静下心来 get familiar with 熟悉 get hold of 获得，取得 get home 到家 get in 进入，陷入；牵涉 get off 送走；脱下（衣服）；下车；动身 get on 上车；穿上；进步，使前进；成功；相处 get upon with 进步；在方面获得成功 get ones hand in 熟悉；习惯 get out of 由出来，从得出；避免；退休 get over 越过；恢复，痊愈；克服；完成 get ready for 为作准备 get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱 get through 到达，完成，通过；及格 get together 积聚，积累；商谈，取得一致意见 get up 起床，起立；研究，钻研；致力于；安排，组织 get used to 习惯于 have got to do 不得不，必须 6. 以give为中心的词组 be given to 沉溺于，癖好 give about 分配；传播 give and take 相互迁就 give away 赠送；牺牲；泄露；颁发 give back 归还 give cause 给予的理由 give ear to 侧耳倾听 give forth 发出，放出；发表 give in 屈服，让步，投降 give in to 同意，接受；向让步 give off 发出（烟，气味） give oneself out to be/as 自称为 give oneself up to 专心于；向自首 give out 分发，公布 give place to 让位于，被所替代 give rise to 引起，导致；使发生 give up 放弃；停止 give way to 让步，退却；屈服于 7. 以look为中心的词组 look about 四下环顾；查看 look after 照顾，看管 look around 东张西望 look at 注视，着眼于 look back 回顾 look for 寻找；期待，期望 look down on 俯视；轻视 look forward to 盼望，期待 look into 窥视；调查；浏览 look like 看起来象 look on 旁观；面向 look out 向外看；注意；当心，堤防 look over 从上面看过去；检查 look through 透过看去；看穿；浏览 look up to 仰望，尊敬 8. 以make为中心的词组 be made from 由原料制成 be made of 由材料制成 be made up of 由组成 make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗 make a mistake 弄错 make a point of doing 强调make advantages/use of 使用，利用 make after 追求，追赶 make believe 假装 make certain 确信，把弄清楚 make contact with 接通，与接触，与联系 make for 去向，向前进；有利于 make friends with 和交友 make into 把制成，使转变为 make much of 重视；理解；赏识 make ones mind on sth. 决定某事 make ones own 当作自己的看待 make oneself at home 随便，别拘束 make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认 make the best of 尽量利用；极为重视 make up 弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化装 make up to 接近，巴结；向求爱 make way for 为让路，让路于 on the make 急求成功；增加 9. 以put为中心的词组 put aside 把放在一边；搁置；排除 put away把收拾；储藏 put back 把放回原处；驳回 put down 放下；镇压；制止；记下 put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，倡议 put into 把放入；插入；翻译成 put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，推辞 put on 上演；穿上，带上 put ones heart into 全神贯注，专心致志 put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列 put up with 忍受，容忍 10. 以take为中心的词组 be taken aback 吃惊 take a seat 就坐 take a shower 淋浴，洗澡 take away 拿走，减去；夺去 take by surprise 出奇制胜 take care of 当心，注意；照顾；take for 把当作 take off 脱去，除去；离开；起飞；take office 就职，上任 take ones place 就坐，入坐 take ones temperature 量体温 take part in 参与，参加 take place = happen 发生，举行 take the place of 代替 take pride in 以为荣，对骄傲 take sb. by the arm 拉某人的胳膊 take it easy 别着急，慢慢来 11. 以turn为中心的词组 give a new turn to 对予以新的看法 in ones turn 轮到某人做某事 out of turn 不按次序的，不合适宜的 take ones turn to do 轮到做 turn a blind eye to 对视而不见 turn against 背叛，采取敌对态度 turn back 折回，往回走 turn down 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑 turn into 走进；变成，变为 turn to for help 求助于 turn off 关上（自来水，电器开关）；解雇，辞退；避开（问题）；制造；生产 turn on 打开（自来水，电器开关）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于 turn ones attention to 把注意力转向 turn out 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是 turn out to be 原来是，证明是，结果是 turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，重新开始，改过自新 turn (a)round 旋转，转过身来；改变意见；采取新政策 turn to 变成；着手于 turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来；使陷入混乱【考点二】考查同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析这类试题的四个选项是由不同的动词加相同的介词或副词构成。解答这类试题的关键首先还是弄清题意，然后选出符合题意和句子结构需要的动词短语。（）真题演绎：（2011湖北卷,29The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down常见的介词或者副词总结（l）动词+about speaktalk about 谈论 think about 思考 care about 关心，对有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生set about 着手，开始 come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为担心（2）动词+at aim at 向瞄准，旨在 run at 冲向，向攻击call at 拜访(地点) tear at 用力撕look at 看，注视 work at 干活动（研究）come at 向袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视 glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲（门、窗等） point at 指向 smile at 冲（某人）笑 strike at 向打击 shoot at 向射击 wonder at 惊讶（3）动词+away die away 逐渐消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来 pass away 去世 wash away 冲走take away 拿走 give away 背弃，泄漏 send away 让走开 turn away 把打发走 wear away 磨掉，消耗 throw away 扔掉blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散 break away 摆脱 （4）动词+back keep back 隐瞒，忍住 hold back 控制住give back 归还 call back 回电话take back 拿回，收回 look back(on) 回顾 （5）动词+down cut down 削减，砍倒 put down 记下，写下，镇压 take down 记下，记录 turn down 调小，拒绝 slow down 慢下来 pass down 传下来calm down 平静下来 burn down 烧毁tear down 拆毁，拆除 come down 下落，传下 break down 坏了，垮了，分解 bring down 使降低，使倒下 settle down 安家（6）动词+from die from 因而死 hear from 收到来信learn from 向学习 differ from 与不同suffer from 受苦 result from 由于 separatefrom 把分离开 keepstoppreventfrom 不让做date from=date back to 始于时期，追溯到 （7）动词+forrun for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 beg for 乞求 wait for 等候 look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求hunt for 寻找 long for 渴望care for 关心，喜欢 seek for 寻找come for 来拿，来取 apply for 申请 stand for 代表，表示 search for 查找changefor 用换 chargefor 收费，要价 takefor 误以为是 hope/wish for 希望得到 （8）动词十inget in 收获，进入 fill in 填写cut in 插入 join in 参加look in 来访，参观 hand in 上交drop in 拜访 give in 让步take in 接纳，吸收 call in 召集，来访bring in 引进，使得到收入 break in 强制进入，插话result in 导致 succeed in 在获成功persist in 坚持 （9）动词十intorun into 碰到 look into 研究，调查，往里面看 burst into 闯入，进发 turn into 变成changeinto 把变成 divideinto 把分成puttranslateinto 把译成 （l0）动词+ofdie of 死于 talk of 谈到hear of 听说 think of 想到 dream of 梦到 speak of 谈到 consist of 由组成 approve of 赞成complain of 抱怨 become of 发生情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+outgo out 熄灭 set out 出发，着手try out 试用，试验 put out 扑灭run out 用完 let out 泄漏，发出(声音)pick out 选出 hold out 坚持下去wear out 穿破，使疲劳 make out 理解，看清楚keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 find out 查出，弄明白work out 算出，想出办法等 send out 发出，派遣give out 散发，分发，用完 look out 当心，提防hand out 散发，分发 help out 救助turn out 结果是，生产 come out 出版，出来cross out 划掉 burst out 进发carry out 执行 break out 爆发point out 指出 figure out 算出bring out 阐明，使表现出 leave out 省略，删掉speak out 大胆讲出（l2）动词+overgo over 审阅，检查，研究 get over 克服run over 压死，看一遍 take over 接管，接替turn over 翻倒，细想 fall over 跌倒，摔倒roll over 翻滚 look over 翻阅，检查think over 仔细考虑 watch over 看守，照看（l3）动词十toadd to 增添 get to 到达see to 处理，料理 turn to 向求助，查阅come to 共计，苏醒 lead to 导致，通向reply to 答复 refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅bring to 使苏醒 agree to 同意 object to 反对 point to 指向write to 写信给 relate to涉及，（与）有关attend to 处理 belong to 属于supplyto 为提供 devoteto 贡献给stickholdkeep to 坚持，忠于 compareto 与相比，把比作（l4）三词以上的短语动词do well in 在干得好 make up for 弥补look down on / upon 轻视 break away from 摆脱keep away from 避开，别靠近 do away with 废除put up with 忍受 catch up with = keep up with 赶上fill up with 用装满 go on with 继续get on / along with 和相处 look forward to 盼望look up to 仰望，尊敬 add up to 总计live up to 依据行事；做到；不辜负（期望） get close to 接近get down to 认真开始 set fire to 放火烧pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 访问take / get / catch hold of 握住 run out of 用完get out of 逃避，避免 take notice of 注意take a photo of 拍照片 take the place of 取代set an example to 为树立榜样三、历年福建高考链接（2012福建）29. You had better _ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.A. set aside B. take up C. put away D. give out（2011福建卷,31Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back（2010福建More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities space.A. in search of B. in place of C. for lack of D. for fear of（2010福建Weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do. Lets it.A. keep up withB. do away withC. get down toD. look forward to（2008福建a moment and I will go to your rescue.A.Go on B.Hold on C.Move onD.Carry on（2007福建The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit wason the radio yesterday.A.turned outB.found outC.given outD.carried out（2006福建SheJapanese when she was in Japan.Now she can speak it freely.A.picked outB.made outC.made upD.picked up（2005福建The dictionary is being printed and it will soon.A.turn outB.come outC.start outD.go out四、2012全国各地高考动词短语汇编【2012全国卷II】 We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A. set aboutB. set upC. set outD. set down【2012全国】27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can_ almost every word her teacher says.A. put out B. put downC. put away D. put together【2012陕西】19. He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system _.A. broke in B. broke up C. broke out D. broke down 【2012浙江】15. Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan.A. set out B. set about C. set off D. set up【2012江苏】26. Ok, Ive had enough of it. I give up. You cant _ your responsibilities.A. run off with B. run u