主谓一致应该注意的问题及习题.doc

主谓一致应该注意的问题1.某些集体名词如果作为一个整体来看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果表示集体中的个体成员，谓语动词就要用复数形式。这类集体名词包括：audience(观众)，class(班级)，club(俱乐部)，company(公司)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，group(团队)，team(队伍)等。如：My family is a small one with three people. 但people，police,trousers,glasses,等，只能按照复数对待，谓语动词必须用复数。 如：The people around us are all friendly and helpful. 2.当名词词组的中心词表示时间、距离、书名、金额等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 如：Ten years for them was so long because they led a working but hard life. 3.由“a pair(a kind，a bottle)+of+复数名词”作为主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，但由“pairs( kinds，bottles)+of+复数名词”作为主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 如：This pair of shoes is very nice bute xpensive. 4.不定代词each，every，no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时,谓语动词也用单数 如：Each boy and each girl was given a new book. 5.某些只有复数形式的名词(glasses，clothes，trousers，shoes，chopsticks，scissors等)，谓语动词用复数形式如：Those shoes are put under the desk. 6.and或bothand连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。如：Walking and riding are good exercises. ，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。 如：The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教师来了(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老师来了(作家和老师是两个人) 7.当主语中含有as well as，in addition to，(along)with，together with，except，besides，including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数依据他们前面的主语而定。 如：Jack as well as his parents has been to China before. 但eitheror，neithernor， not onlybut also和There be出现在句中时，谓语动词的单复数就要采用就近原则。 如：There is a photo and two maps on the wall. Neither her sisters nor Mary is going to the party tomorrow. 8. 由“分数+名词或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of，lots of，plenty of ，a large quantity of，half of+名词”构成的短语做主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致。 如：Ten percent of the water is polluted there. 9.由a number of+名词复数做主语时，谓语要用复数形式；由the number of+名词复数做主语时，谓语要用单数形式。 如：A number of people are waiting to be interviewed. The number of students in our class is 50.10.在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句中的动词应该是复数形式。但如果the only来修饰one时，从句的动词应是单数形式。如：This is one of the most interesting stories that have been told. She was the only one of the girls who was late. 11. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。 如：A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。 12. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。To see is to believe 眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 13. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了 14. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式. 如：The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 15.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数， Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 没有人在家。 主谓一致专项练习题1. Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now. A. were B. is C. was D. are 2. Two days _enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day. A. isnt B. is C. arent D. are 3. How many lessons do you usually have a day? Six lessons a day. And each of then _45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither Li ping nor I _a basketball player. A. am B. is C. be D. are 5. There _ many new words in lesson one, It is very easy. A. is B. arent C. isnt D. are 6. The number of the students in our school _1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have 7. Maths _ my favorite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are asleep9. Every one except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, _of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 11. Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 12. Whats on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it? There _some eggs and cakes on it. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. This pair of glasses _mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be 14. Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday. A. invited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited 15. Two months _quite a long time. Yes, Im afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 16. In the city the old _. A. take good care of B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of 17. His family _all very kind and friendly, His family _a happy one. A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are 18. The singer and the dancer _come to Beijing. A. has B. have C. are D. is 19. The children in this class each _new school bag. A. have B. has C. has got D. are having 20. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 21. If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, .A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither22. I havent finished my homework yet. A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasnt either23. “Im going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow.” “ .” A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I g24. You as well as he to blame for the accident.A. are B. is C. have D. has25. Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to sing English songs.A. has been B. is C. are D. am 主谓一致练习题参考答案 (1).B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5).B (6).A (7).B (8). C (9). D (10).A (11).B (12).B (13).C (14). D (15).A (16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20) D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D1Neither Wei Hua nor Ann _ on the teamAis Bare Cgoes Dgo2“I think neither this shirt nor that one _ good”，he said Aare Bis Cwere Dwas3This is Miss GaoShe _ your new teacherAbe Bam Cis Dare4His parents _ coming to meet the teacher tonightAare Bwere Cis5How much milk _ in the bottle？Ahas Bare there Cis there6Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began Ais Bwas Care Dwere7 _ Lily _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at homeANot only ；but also BNeither；nor CBoth；and DEither；or8 _ the population of China？AHow much is BHow many are CWhat is DWhat number is9Jenny and her parents _ going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow Ais Bam Care Dbe10Neither the students nor the teacher _ in the classroom the moment Awere Bwas Cwerent Dwasnt11How many students are there in your school？ _ the students in our school _ over two thousand. AThe number of；is BThe number of；are CA number of；is DA number of；are12Are the twins on the football team？No，neither of them _ on the team Ais Bare Cwere Dbe13Either Bob or Peter _ watching the 17th World Cup now Ais Bare Cam Dbe 中考英语主谓一致考查题例答案与详解1A 2B3C4A7D6B5C8C。9C。10B。11A。12A13.A1 -Have you got some water to drink?-Here you are. There_ still some in the bottle. A. are B. were C. is D. was2 _ there many American friends in the school last Friday? A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were3 There _ a great many accidents last year. A. were B. are C. is D. was4 -How many children _ in the picture? -Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there 5 In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests. A. were B. has been C. / D. was6 Most of our earth_ covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were7 Sunday _ the first day of the week. A. is B. are C. am D. be8 Neither _ right. A. answers are B. answers arent C. answer is D. answer isnt9 The population of the world _ still _ now.A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown10 There _ many people running in the park every morning. A. is B. were C. are D. have11 These police often_ the children across the street. A. help B. helps C. helping D. is helping12 _ going to England by air next week.A. The Green family are B. The Greens family are C. The Greens family are D. Green family are13 The whole family _ enjoying the beautiful music now. A. is all B. all is C. all are D. are all14 Our class _ big. A. is B. are C. were D. will15 Neither he nor I _ from Canada. We are from Australia. A. is B. are C. am D. be16 Either you or he _ right. A. are B. is C. does D. were17 Neither Mary nor her brother_ good at singing. A. is B. are C. is not D. are not18 Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary _ busy. A. is B. was C. are D. has19 Physics _ interesting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were20 The news_ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are21 Though maths_ hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is参考答案：1. 1-4 C D A D. 5-8 D B A C 9-11 C C A 12-14A D A 15-18 C B A C 19-21C B D中考英语主谓一致考查题例1Neither Wei Hua nor Ann _ on the team（99辽宁） Ais Bare Cgoes Dgo 2“I think neither this shirt nor that one _ good”，he said（98黑龙江） Aare Bis Cwere Dwas 3This is Miss GaoShe _ your new teacher（北京2000） Abe Bam Cis Dare 4His parents _ coming to meet the teacher tonight（广东2000） Aare Bwere Cis 5How much milk _ in the bottle？（广东2000） Ahas Bare there Cis there 6Everyon eexcept Tom and John _ there when the meeting began（河南2001） Ais Bwas Care Dwere 7 _ Lily _Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home ANot only ；but also BNeither；nor CBoth；and DEither；or 8 _ the population of China？（广西2001） AHow much is BHow many are CWhat is DWhat number is 9Jenny and her parents _ going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow Ais Bam Care Dbe 10Neither the students nor the teacher _ in the classroom the moment（甘肃2002） Awere Bwas Cwerent Dwasnt 11How many students are there in your school？ _ the students in our school _ over two thousand（南京2002） AThe number of；is BThe number of；are CA number of；is DA number of；are 12Are the twins on the football team？ No，neither of them _ on the team（厦门2002） Ais Bare Cwere Dbe 13Either Bob or Peter _ watching the 17th World Cup now（深圳2002） Ais Bare Cam Dbe中考英语主谓一致考查题例答案与详解1A。neithernor连接两个并列主语时，应根据“就近一致”的原则，谓语动词的数与nor后面的词语相一致。 2B。同上。 3C。主语为单数第三人称。 4A。一般现在时，主语为复数。 5C。主语是不可数名词，动词用单数第三人称形式。 6B。主语是everyone，且为一般过去时。 7D。根据句子的意思是“两者之一”故选D。 8C。某地区和国家的人口是单数第三人称，表示一事物。 9C。主语为复数。 10B。neithernor采取就近原则，故用单数，且用肯定式。 11A。表示“的数量”应用the number of，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式；而anumber of表示“许多，大量的”。 12A。同1题。 13A。采用就近原则。I介词的惯用法。 【考例1】“When does Mary often go dancing？”“ _ Friday evening”（01北京市） aFor bAt cIn dOn 【分析】表示“在晚上”为“in the evening”，但若名词evening前有星期词修饰，表示具体某一晚上时，介词用on，而不再用in。答案：d。 【考例2】The book was written _ English（01天津市） ain bwith cfrom dby 【分析】“用某一语言”常用介词in，如 Can you say it in Chinese？该题句意是：这本书是用英语写的。答案：a。 【考例3】Do you know where my teacher lives？ She lives _ 150 _ Kenming Road（01镇江市） aat；in bat；on con；at din；at 【分析】表示居住地点。街号前习惯上用 at，road前用on。答案：b。 II介词与动词的搭配。 【考例4】Which team are we going to play _ ？（01鄂州市） aby bup cabout dagainst 【分析】play与against连用，表示“与比赛”。答案：d。 【考例5】His mother was saved because the doctor operated _ her at once（01苏州市） aabout bat con dfor 【分析】operate与on搭配，表示“给做手术”。答案：c。 【考例6】The GREat Green Wall is used to stop the wind _ blowing the soil away ato bin cfrom dfor 【分析】stop与from连用，意为“阻止做某事”。答案：c。 III固定短语。 【考例7】You should take more exercise Its good _ your health（01四川省） Afor Bwith Cat 【分析】“be good for”为固定短语，意为“对有益”。答案：a。 【考例8】A good teacher should be strict _ his work and _ his students awith，in bwith，with cin，with din，in 【分析】“be strict in”与“be strict with”表示“严格要求”，in后接sth，with后接sb。答案：c。 【考例9】I think Chinese food is quite different _ American food（95成都市） ato bin cfrom 【分析】be different与from连用，表示“与不同”。答案：c。 【考例10】Meimei is better than me singing _ （01辽宁省） aon bto cat dfor 【分析】“be good at”意为“擅长”，“在某方面做得好”，“be better at”则是“be good at”的演变。答案：c。 IV同义词或近义词的用法区别。 【考例11】Is the street too narrow for the bus to go _ ？（98重庆市） athrough bacross con din 【分析】through与across均表示“通过”，但用法有别：through表示“穿过空间”或“顺着通过”，如（go）through the forest，（go）through the street；across则表示“横过”，如（go）across the bridge，（go）across the road。汽车通过街道，当然是顺着通过。答案：a。 【考例12】The foreigners have visited many places of interest _ the west of China（01吉林省） ato bon cat din 【分析】to，on，at与in后均可接表示地点的名词，但to常与go连用，表示“去某地”；on则表示“在某一固定（平面内）的拐角处”，如 on the corner of the table；at则用于小地点的名词前，如at a bus stop；in则用于大地点或国名等词前，如in Beijing，in Am erica。答案：d。 【考例13】Taiwan is _ the southeast of China（00哈尔滨市） ain bto con dat 【分析】表示两者间的位置关系一般不用at，而用in，on和to，但用法不同： on表示“接壤相临”，如Jiangxi Province lies on the east of Hunan Pro