倒装句结构一览.doc

倒装句结构一览Mr Liu全部倒装 特点：结构：其他成分+谓语+主语1. There be(就近原则) + 名词 2. Here, There, Now, Then等或表示方向、地点的副词或介词短语位于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run 上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went.3. 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首4. 分词或形容词位于句首（主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语提前。或强调表语 ）Walking ahead of us was our teacher.Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.Present at the meeting are some famous doctors.such和be连用作表语时，也常用倒装语序，如：1 Such was not his intention.2Such are the facts.为了平衡句子结构的需要,或为了强调状语(常为介词短语)，或为了使上下文紧密衔接时，将状语提前 （全部倒装） 1)They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. 2)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island.部分倒装特点：主、谓的位置没有变(句子本身有助动词)助动词/be移到了主语前面(句子本身无助动词)在主语前增加助动词does/do/did/have/has/had结构：其它成份+助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓语1. 在特殊疑问句或一般疑问句中What do you need?Can I help you?注意：疑问词做主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒.2. often, always, once, many a time, now and again（一次又一次） 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头We have made that test now and again.John has given me good advice many a time.3. 含否定意义的副词、连词或介词短语Seldom; RarelyLittle; FewHardly; Scarcely; BarelyHardly.when.; No sooner.than.At no time; In no way; In no case; By no means; On no condition（决不）Not a+名词; Not once; Nowhere; Never; Never before; Neither; Nor; Not until+时间+助动词/be+主语+谓语Not only +助动词/be+主语+谓语,but also+主谓宾We can succeed only by working hard.注：Only 后的状语从句不可用倒装； Only修饰主语时，句子不用倒装。E.g: Only when he returned did we find out the truth. Only he can answer the question.5. so, neither, nor位于句首，表示前面的情况也适合于另一人或物时。 Tom can speak French，so can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I.注意：若只是表示对前面所述内容的肯定，确认，主谓不倒装 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. “Its raining hard.” “So it is.”“so /such +表语/状语 + that从句”结构中的so 或such引导的表语/状语放在句首时。（部分倒装）1）So frightened was she in the darkness that she didnt dare to move at all.2）Such a lovely child is he that all of us love him.3）So hurriedly did she leave that she forgot to switch off the lights.6.在虚拟语气的条件句中，去掉“if”，把“had”, “should”, “were”放到主语之前1) 如果我是你，我会接受这份工作。 陈述句 If I were you, I would take the job. 倒装句 Were I you, I would take the job.2)如果他问我，我本来应该会去的。 陈述句 If he had asked me, I should have gone. 倒装句 Had he asked me, I should have gone. 其它倒装形式主、谓位置没变，也没有增加do/does/did，将某个词移到了句首。这实际上是一种强调句型，但也可以算作倒装。 as/though引导的让步状语从句中,其基本句式为： 形容词/副词/名词+as+主语+谓语“动词原形+as+主语+情态动词/助动词1)他尽管贫穷，但很诚实。陈述句 Though he was poor, he was honest. 倒装句 Poor as he was, he was honest.2)尽管他努力尝试，他不能举起石头。陈述句 Though he tried hard, he couldnt lift the stone.倒装句 Hard as he tried, he couldnt lift the stone.3)尽管他还是个孩子，他懂得很多英文。陈述句 Though he is a child, he knows a lot of English.倒装句 Child as he is, he knows a lot of English.4)尽管你反对，他们仍然我行我素.陈述句 Though you may object, they will go on as usual.倒装句 Ob