Therebe句式讲.doc

There be 句式讲、学、练There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语。一、结构There be + sth + 地点状语/时间状语There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。There were three students in the classroom just now. 刚才教室有三个学生。 There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。二、There be结构中的be动词的确定1. there be 结构中的谓语动词be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is,是复数时用are。如: There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。 There is some money in the bag. 包里有些钱。There are many students in the library.图书馆里有许多学生。 2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。（就近原则）如: There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。 There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。 3. 另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如: In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。三、There be 结构的句型转换1、否定句there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如: There are some children in the picture. There arent any children in the picture. 2、一般疑问句及其答语把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isnt / arent。如: Are there two cats in the tree? Yes, there are. (No, there arent.) 3、特殊疑问句及其回答提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用what is + 地点介词短语?(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如: There are some birds in the tree. Whats in the tree? 就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用where is / are + 主语?如: There is a car in the street. Where is the car? 提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为how many + 复数名词 + are there + 其它?(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。There were hundreds of trees here before.How many trees are there here before?需要注意的是，There be 句式的一般将来时的句式变化比较特殊，不是在be动词上进行变化，而是在will上变化。如：There wont be any trees on the hill in 100 years.一百年后山上将没有树了。Will there be a party next Sunday?下周日将有一场聚会吗？Yes,there will.(No, there wont)测试练习：翻译下面的句子1、 房子前面有一辆小汽车。 2、 你们班有多少学生？ 3、 桌子上放着什么？ 4、 今晚在电影院有音乐会。 5、 二月份有28天。 6、 明天在我们学校有足球比赛吗？ 7、 十年前海边有一位老太太。 8、 箱子里有一本英语书和一些故事书。 八年级英语一般将来时讲解与练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to + do； will+ do. 现在进行时表将来三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或will后加not成 wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.七、be going to和will 的区别 be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，但它们的用法是有区别的。现本人就牛津小学英语课本归纳、浅析如下：（1）be going to主要用于：1、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算要做的事情。E.g：What are you going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么？ Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京剧。 Im going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。Shes going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。 2、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。E.g：Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！乌云密集天要下雨。I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。(2) will主要用于在以下几个方面：1、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称eg:They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。Ill come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。2、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。eg:Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。3、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令。eg: Will you please turn on the radio? 请打开收音机好吗？Will you go to the zoo with me?你和我一起去动物园好吗？六、现在进行时表将来现在进行时除表现在外，还可以表示将来。现在进行时表将来时常用“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。 它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。如： (1) Im going. 我要走了。 (2) Im coming.我要来了。 (3) When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。练习：一、填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I _ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet?二、改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping.6. Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them.7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30?9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问） _ _ she _ _ _ after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow?三、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is raining.He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (do) you do last Sunday?