高考语法：名词性从句(学案).doc

高考语法：名词性从句 （学案）英语中的三大从句：定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句。一、 概念名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。二、 名词性从句的种类 （找出下面划线句子分别是什么名词性从句）1. When we will start is not clear.2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4. I had no idea that you were her friend.（1）主语从句：三种结构1. 主语从句+谓语That she will win the match is certain.2.主语从句+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句It is important that we teens should learn EnglishIt is said that our school will hold a sports meeting3. It +seem (happen，appear等不及物动词)+that从句It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.（2）宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句放在及物动词或介词之后作宾语。宾语从句的结构主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句I dont know why he is always late for school.We all agree with what you said at the meeting.（3）表语从句 表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句1. be, look, remain, 等系动词后均可跟表语从句：My suggestion is that we should go shopping.2. as if 也可引导表语从句。It looks as if its going to rain. 3.the reason why is that 和It is because 等结构。The reason why he was late this morning is that there was a lot of traffic on the road.It was because I got up late.（4）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟同位语从句的名词主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。Beijing ,the capital of China, is my hometown.We heard the news that our team had won. We were happy to hear the news that was announced by our boss.同位语从句的简易判断方法： 我们可以在名词和从句之间加be,使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。 eg: The belief that the earth is flat is still held in some countries.判断：定语从句, 同位语从句1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.三、名词性从句的引导词：1. 连接词 ：that、if、whether2. 连接代词 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、how四、名词性从句考点归纳 :考点1：连接词： that 与 what 的区别1._ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3.The result is _ we won the game.4.This is _ we want to know.5.Is _ he told us true ?6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.归纳总结：考点2. 区别if 与whether 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. The argument _ well have a sports meet remains to be settled.3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters little to us.6. _ you are not free tomorrow, Ill go without you.7. He doesnt know _ to stay or not.请你归纳：只能使用whether 的情况：考点3. what, whatever, who, whoever_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义。1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._ we need is more time.3._ has taken away my bag is unknown.4._ breaks the law will be punished. no matter who/what与whoever /whatever考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever归纳总结：考点 4 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语it 作形式主语翻译：1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。 _doesnt matter.用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词 从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识(2) It is 形容词 从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词 从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) It 过去分词 从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说 it 作形式宾语(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to do(2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make+it + if 或when从句I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one考点5 语序问题1. The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like2. You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news .A. how he was excited B. how was he excitedC. how excited he was D. he was how excited3. He asked _ for a violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 4. The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 挑战高考【2011重庆22】It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where【2011重庆34】It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that09重庆Weshouldconsiderthestudents request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.A. that B. when C. which D. where08重庆People i