2011高考英语单项填空知识考查大盘点.doc

选校网 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库选校网 高考频道 专业大全 历年分数线 上万张大学图片 大学视频 院校库2011高考英语单项填空知识考查大盘点高考英语对基础知识的考查在保持对动词重点考查的基础上呈现出一些新的热点，即对特定句式、连接词、介词、代词和交际用语的考查力度加强。按试题考查的英语知识点的不同，笔者对今年全国及各地试卷中的单项填空题进行了归类整理，尤其是对涉及高考热点的试题进行了归纳，并且指出了相应的备考策略，期望能为广大师生提供切实帮助。一、特定句式热点透视考查句式的认知、识别与匹配，包括省略、替代、倒装、强调、祈使句、感 叹句、倍数句型、“with +复合结构”、There be句型等。典例示范【例1】Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _. (辽宁卷)A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I 答案与解析：B。一种情况也适合后边一种情况的否定替代形式用“neithernor+助动词+主语”结构。【例2】_ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. (湖南卷)A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search答案与解析：D。此题考查祈使句的识别及句首动词的选用。并列连词and表明前后句为并列关系，故排除前三个选项。【例3】It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. (重庆卷)A. that B. when C. while D. as答案与解析：A。此题考查强调句型“Its+强调部分+that.”的认知与识别。not until合在一起置于强调部分，前后使用that连接。备考高参加强对特定句式的识别，注意相似句式的差异。从结构特点着手，归纳热点句型的基本构成特征，力求对每种句型的准确理解。可这样来归纳，如：独立主格结构句型“with+复合结构”；替代常用句型“Neither/Nor/So +助动词+主语” ；祈使句常见句型动词原形或名词词组+and/or/but（或破折号）+谓语用将来时或情态动词的陈述句，等等。快乐体验1. It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (天津卷)A. how B. which C. that D. where2. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. (福建卷)A. for B. when C. with D. while3.Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes. _, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. (安徽卷)A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible4. Only when I left my parents for Italy _ how much I loved them. (重庆卷)A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize5. _ you eat the correct foods _ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. (江苏卷)A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will6. Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order _. (福建卷)A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told7. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times _. (浙江卷)A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many8. Ten years ago the population of our village was _ that of theirs. (陕西卷)A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as9. It was announced that only when the fire was under control _ to return to their homes.（江西卷）A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permittedC. would residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted10. It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. (全国卷II)A. that B. how C. which D. when11. Not until the motorbike looked almost new _ repairing and cleaning it. (陕西卷）A. he stopped B. did he stop C. stopped he D. he did stop12. So much ofinterest _ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. (上海卷) A. offers BeijingB.Beijing offers C. does Beijing offerD. Beijing does offer二、连(接)词热点透视恰当选择连接词使句法正确、句意完整、逻辑通顺。典例示范【例4】Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. (浙江卷)A. what B. that C. which D. one答案与解析：A。从分句their parents speak at home可知，该分句缺少宾语，既担任句子成分，又起连接作用，故只能选用连接词what，由what引导的从句作介词from的宾语。【例5】The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. (江苏卷)A. which B. what C. that D. where答案与解析：A。从句谓语动词visited为及物动词，缺少宾语，故排除选项D。在定语从句中不涉及what的用法；在非限制性定语从句中不涉及that的用法。【例6】Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?I dont mind where we go _ theres sun, sea and beach. (全国卷)A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that答案与解析：B。as long as最基本词义表示主从句动作延续时间一样长，引导时间状语从句； 若引导条件状语从句，表“只要”，同only if，为唯一条件。又如：As long as I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.（2003北京卷）【例7】Stand over there _ youll be able to see the oil painting better. (全国卷)A. but B. till C. and D. or答案与解析：C。此题考查并列连词在祈使句中的应用。or表条件，and表顺承，递进，but表转折。备考高参语法概念上的连接词包括引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词，引导名词性从句的连接代词和连接副词，以及引导状语从句的从属连词。连词的选择源于句子分析，同时参考先行词和前后句逻辑关系。从句缺少主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语时选用关系(连接)代词；从句缺少状语时使用关系(连接)副词；句子成分完整，考虑选用从属(并列)连词。关系(连接)代词的选用要看清指代对象是人还是物，关系(连接)副词的选用要明确指时间、地点还是方式等。从属(并列)连词的选用主要参考前后句逻辑关系。标点符号在解题中发挥重要作用，逗号是句内符号而分号则是句间符号，分别表示不同的句子结构，代表着不同的句子关系，因此在选择连接词时要慎重考虑标点符号；句中位置分布也决定着连接词的选用，如置于句首，可使用关系代词as而不可使用which，介词后不直接使用that等。排除法是解决此类试题较好的方法之一，如定语从句中不涉及what/how的用法，非限制性定语从句不涉及that用法等。题干的各种信息对解题作用重大，做题时应予以考虑。快乐体验13. _ is known to us all is that the 卷 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (福建卷)A. It B. What C. As D. Which14. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.(全国卷)A. it B. what C. which D. that15. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. (陕西卷)A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which16. Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. (北京卷)A. before B. since C. till D. after17. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. (重庆卷)A. where B. there C. which D. when18. Nancy enjoyed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (福建卷)A. that B. which C. when D. where19. _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it. (湖南卷)A. If B. While C. Because D. As20. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children. (四川卷)A. but B. while C. because D. thought21. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. (天津卷)A. where B. how C. when D. why22. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held? (陕西卷)A. what B. which C. that D. where23. _ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. (北京卷)A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen24. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. (重庆卷)A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however25. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. (山东卷)A. even if B. which C. where D. so that26. A small car is big enough for a family of three _ you need more space for baggage. (全国卷)A. once B. because C. if D. unless27.Did you return Freds call?I didnt need to _ Ill see him tomorrow. (北京卷)A. though B. unless C. when D. because28. Ill give you my friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. (北京卷)A. which B. when C. whom D. where29. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. (北京卷)A. which B. that C. what D. who30. Yesterday, she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago. (浙江卷)A. when B. where C. that D. which31. I thought wed be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time. (湖南卷)A. but B. or C. so D. for32. When asked _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. (湖南卷)A. what B. why C. whom D. which33. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. (湖南卷)A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that34. The artist was born poor, _ poor he remained all his life. (重庆卷)A. and B. or C. but D. so35. _ angry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (辽宁卷)A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However36. He found it increasing difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (山东卷)A. though B. for C. but D. so 37. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. (江西卷)A. where B. when C. who D. which38. Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. (江西卷)A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that39. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon.（福建卷）A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which40. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.（山东卷）A. whoB. which C. whyD. when41. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. (上海卷) A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. with which42. Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you.（安徽卷） Ok, _ you make it short. A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time43. All the neighbor admire this family _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. （安徽卷）A. why B. where C. which D. that44. I used to love that film _ I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any more.（辽宁卷）A. onceB. whenC. sinceD. although45. There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down. (四川卷)A. when B. until C. that D. where46. Dont promise anything _ you are one hundred percent sure.（浙江卷）A. whether B. after C. how D. unless47. Well have a picnic in the park this Sunday _ it rains or its very cold.（天津卷） A. since B. if C. unless D. until48. Are you ready for Spain？ Yes, I want the girls to experience that _ they are young. (上海卷) A. whileB. untilC. ifD. before49._ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. (上海卷)A. however B. whateverC. no matter D. although50. The lawyer rarely wears anything other than jeans and a T-shirt _ the season.（全国卷I）A. whateverB. whereverC. wheneverD. however51. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.（山东卷）A. ItB. This C. WhatD. As52. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.（浙江卷）A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who53. People in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved, in the past ten years.（重庆卷）A. that B. which C. what D. how 54. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about _ he will do or think. (上海卷)A. what B. whichC. whomD. that55. It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (上海卷) A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that56. I cannot tell whether the book is worth reading, _ I havent read it myself. (四川延考区卷)A. butB. soC. orD. for57. Ive heard a whisper _ David and Heather are heading for marriage. (四川延考区卷)A. whatB. whichC. whoD. that58. I hope youve got your own car, _ if you havent we may have to hire one. (四川延考区卷)A. becauseB. so thatC. ever sinceD. when59. Jane is back in May, by _ the new house should be finished. (四川延考区卷)A. whichB. thatC. whomD. when三、代词热点透视代词与定语从句、数词、非谓语动词的结合；侧重考查代词的数和格。典例示范【例8】Which of the two computer games did you prefer?Actually I didnt like _. (全国卷)A. both of them B. either of them C. none of them D. neither of them答案与解析：B。指代对象为两者，故排除选项C；不定代词both与否定词not连用表部分否定，这与句意矛盾。【例9】It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. (北京卷)A. none B. neither C. both D. each答案与解析：B。两者全部否定使用代词neither，三者以上全部否定则选用none。【例10】 How do you find your new classmates?Most of them are kind, but _ is so good to me as Bruce. (福建卷)A. none B. no one C. every one D. some one答案与解析：A。此题解题关键是题干暗示：Most of them are kind，代词none侧重指数量，用how manymuch来提问，指人指物均可；而no one只能用来指人，用who来提问。 试比较：Who is in the class? No one.How many students are there in the class? None.备考高参代词的先行项即代词的指代对象与代词在数、人称、性以及格上存在一致关系。分清代词的指代对象在“数”的概念上指两者(both/either)、两者以上(each)还是三者以上(all/every/any/none)。两者每一(each)还是两者任一(either)，两者全都(both)还是两者全不(neither)；三者以上每一(every)还是三者以上任一(any)，三者以上全都(all)还是三者以上全不(none)。不定代词all/both/each/every与否定词not连用表部分否定；而either/any与其连用则表示全部否定。代词的功用决定着代词格的形式且与之保持一致。相应地，主语主格形式、宾语宾格形式、定语属格形式、同位或其他反身形式。高考侧重于对代词宾格和反身代词的考查。快乐体验60. The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England. (全国卷)A. which B. what C. that D. the one61.Could you tell me how to get to Victoria Street?Victoria Street? _ is where the Grand Theatre is. (辽宁卷)A. Such B. There C. That D. This62. A cough is usually nothing to worry about unless it lasts for ten days _. (四川卷)A. or more B. instead C. at most D. only63. Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave. (山东卷)A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing64. Id like some more cheese. Sorry, theres _ left. (浙江卷)A. some B. none C. a little D. few65. The manager believes prices will not rise by more than _four percent. (四川卷)A. any other B. the other C. another D. other66. Could we see each other at 3oclock this afternoon?Sorry, lets make it _ time. (重庆卷)A. others B. the other C. another D. other67. He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk. (陕西卷)A. any B. many C. some D. much68. The two girls are getting on well and share _with each other. (安徽卷)A. little B. much C. some D. none69. Our neighbors gave _ a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest. (湖南卷)A. us; it B. us; itself C. ourselves; itself D. ourselves; it70. The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it?_ I do it all the time. (陕西卷)A. Dont mention it. B. Why not? C. Not sure D. Not me again.71. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? (江西卷)A. himself B. him C. itself D. it72. My English teachers humor was _ make every student burst into laughter. （江西卷）A. so as to B. such as to C. such that D. so that73. I admired the painting, and Ed said he would like me to have _ as a gift from him. (四川延考卷)A. oneB. itC. thisD. some74. To know more about the British Museum, you can use the Internet or to go to the library, or _.（天津卷）A. neither B. some C. all D. both75. Do you want tea or coffee? (上海卷) _, I really dont mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. all四、介词热点透视高考对介词的考查趋向综合，常在“介词+关系代词”中考查介词的选用；热点集中在介词辨析上。典例示范【例11】For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ New York is an example. (四川卷)A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which答案与解析：C。纽约市就是众多城市中的一例，表示范畴，选用介词of。【例12】Lets learn to use the problem we are facing _ a stepping-stone to future success. (全国卷)A. to B. for C. as D. by答案与解析：C。as作介词表“作为”，常接在treat/regard/recognize/use等动词之后；而like表“像一样”。试比较：He is a child, and must be treated as such.He acted like a child, while he had grown up.【例13】The house still needed a lot of work, but _ the kitchen was finished. (全国卷)A. instead B. altogether C. at once D. at least答案与解析：D。instead相反、代替；altogether总计；at once立即；at least至少。备考高参“介词+which/whom/whose用法”是高考热点，为此需注意：据行文逻辑、所属关系、定语从句谓语动词常见搭配以及谓语动词与先行词之间的关系恰当选择合适介词；据指人whom、指物which、作定语whose恰当选择关系词；介词不可和that连用， “介词+关系词”可以和关系副词相互转化。介词短语不同于连词，不能用来引导句子，后常接名词或动名词，在句中作表语、定语和状语。考查热点集中在介词短语词义辨析上，在特点上已呈现出侧重考查介词短语相当于连接副词的用法。对近年高考高频介词进行归纳、梳理，如beyond/over等。快乐体验76. Everything was perfect for the picnic _ the weather. (浙江卷)A. in place of B. as well as C. except for D. in case of77. When she arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have _ for her, but now all her worries are gone. (湖北卷)A. in need B. in time C. in reparation D. in store78. Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students _ financial aid. (天津卷)A. in favour of B. in honour of C. in face of D. in need of79. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter