(英语)高考【语法填空】复习建议(有提示词).doc

高考英语【语法填空】复习建议（有提示词）考向分析 语法填空命题特点： 1短文长度为 150200 词之间，其中 2012 年高考题为 234 词。 2命题形式： （1）纯空格题， 一般设 67 题，要求考生根据语境在空格处填入适当的词。主要考查代词、冠词、连词和介词。 （2）提供单词原形：一般设 34 题，主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，要求考生根据语境写出正确的词形。 3考查语法范围：从考试说明和近几年的高考题来看，试题主要涉及时态、 语态、非谓语动词、代词、冠词、连词、介词等语法知识的正确运用。 针对以上命题思路，对于有提示词的题目有以下几点复习策略： 这种形式的题是指空格后有单词提示，主要考查实词词形变化和词性转换。 1考查动词的时态和语态 如果提示词是动词，又能判断出是作谓语时，首先应判断其时态和语态。 2考查非谓语动词 如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语动词时，所给动词就要用非谓语形式，这时要根据此非谓语动词所作的句子成分使用恰当的形式。 3考查词性转换和确定词性 这是语法填空的必考点，如 2011 年便考查了形容词 mental 转换成副词 mentally 修饰形容词。做题时，考生应根据该词在句中所作的句子成分来确定用哪种形式。具体方法有： （1）作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。（2）作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。 （3）在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词形容词”后，用名词形式。 （4）修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语，用副词形式。 （5）若是词义转换题，词类不用变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词， 需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加 un-，in-或在词根后加less 等。 语法填空在广东高考中虽属简单题，但也很容易丢分 误区警示 1忽视语篇和语境做语法填空题时考生考虑上下文联系，不可忽视语篇和语境而只从语法角度考虑，因为语法填空题一大出题点是语言知识在具体篇章中的运用，更加强调语言的交际功能。 2忽视语法，逻辑失误 语法填空题另一大出题点是考查考生语法知识的掌握程度，因此解题时考生应凭借扎实的语法基本功熟练分析句子的结构，应具有较强的句法分析能力。 3定式干扰，误入陷阱 4忽视固定搭配和常用句型 5审题不细导致失误 6忽略标点标点符号一直没有引起考生的重视， 但标点符号的正确使用会帮助考生提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。因此考生应树立正确的标点符号认识观。 分类训练：一、时态语态用所给单词的适当形式填空1. In general, most tennis _(play) on hard courts or on clay.2. Look! Someone _(sweep) the floor. Well, it wasnt me. I went shopping just now.3. David, are you listening to me? Sorry, Dad. I _(try) to make sense of what the reporter said.4. The vegetables in his field _(sale well, because they are pollution-free.5. If we dont hurry up, everything _(eat) by the time we get to the party.6. What happened? I called you several times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Sorry, my sister and I _(talk) on the phone all the time.7. Sorry, I didnt catch you. Be quiet, please; the baby _(sleep).8. Alas! I have left my key to the office in my cat. Dont worry. I _(get) it for you. Wait a minute.9. Why dont we choose that road to save time? The bridge to it _(repair).10. I am leaving for Beijing next Saturday, Do you know when the earliest plane _(take off) on Saturday?二、形容词和副词用所给词的适当形式填空1. After spending a wonderful weekend, Jim would have to return to his _(regularly) duties on Monday.2. Nowadays, basic health care services are _(access) to almost all the Chinese people. This accounts for the fact that the average life expectancy of the Chinese has already risen to 75.3. I watch I Am a Singer every Friday night. Me too. I have never seen a _(good) entertainment program. 4. Invention can be _(accident) as it may suddenly begin just by noticing something usual.5. However, they can hardly blame me; it is _(large) their own fault.6. Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _(easily) and more _(efficiently), have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.7. As the idea of low-carbon life is now _(wide) accepted, more and more people travel by public transport.8. Cheer up! No matter how _(slow) you progress, you are ahead of those who never tried.9. Though many extra trains and buses are used to carry passengers, traffic tools are still _ (bad) needed during the Spring Festival.10. In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are _ (option).11. Ive been writing this report _(occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. 12. Mr. Stevenson is great to work forI really couldnt ask for a _(good) boss.13. The teacher replied, You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _(sweet). 14. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy since the crop did grow _(high).15. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature) course.16. We drank together and talked _(merry) till far into the night.17. One of the _(bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.18. Games are often _(excite) and dramatic, but they generally arent very intellectual.19. Seated in a comfortable chair, listening to the peaceful music, youll be brought into a _(relax) state of mind. 20. How much is a dish of plain ice cream? he asked. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit _(patience). Thirty-five cents, she said _(rude).三、非谓语动词用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Please hand on the papers to those _(seat) at the back of the classroom.2. The fireman told us the trouble they had _(get) the fire _(control).3. After walking on the zigzag path to the mountain top for a few hours, the tourists gathered under trees _(provide) shade and sat down to have a rest.4. The students in our school expected there _(be) more time for reviews and exercises before the College Entrance Examination next year.5. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _(do) to achieve the final success in English study.6. The boy, _(occupy) with his school work every day, felt rather tired and wanted to have a whole day to relax.7. The old couple walked rather slowly, and could be seen, from time to time, to stop and rest, _(stare) out to sea. 8. The airport is far from here, and _(get) there on time, youd better take a taxi.9. Whom do you expect to have _(deliver) the baggage to the airport? 10. With so many exercises _(finish), the students are having a hard time.11. We entered the caf and sat down by the window, waiting _(serve).12. These diagrams are especially helpful when we have a concrete problem_(solve) at hand.13. People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult _(realize) so long as the whole nation works hard for it. 14. There are some tall trees in our campus, some _(measure) more than forty meters. 15. Curious and _(astonish), I rushed out of my dormitory when I heard the noise of three gunshots. 16. To answer a telephone call, the careless woman went out of the kitchen, _(leave) the soup _(cook) over the gas.17. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _(discover) the big river.18. Many of the one-family children are so accustdmed to _(praise) that they react violently when they hear something different.19. All reference books _(search), he didnt find the key to the question.20. Ben received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _(finish), he acceptedit happily. 四、名词A1Two _（月）ago, three _（英雄）caught four _（小偷）. They made them plant some _（土豆）and _（竹子）in two _（动物园）. They also made their_（妻子们）return the four big _（箱子）with some precious _（照片）and _（刷子）in them.2Two _（主编），three _（男教师）and five _（女医生），together with their _（孩子们），went to the market. They decided to buy two _（绵羊），three _（鹿），four _（公牛），five _（鹅）and six white _（老鼠）with three _（脚）and six _（牙齿）.B（有个别空格不填名词）A high school history teacher once told us, If you make one close friend in school, you will be most lucky. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life. Experience shows that he was right. Good _1_ (friend) are just not easily formed.To most of us, friendships are thought very important, but we need to have the kinds of friendships we want. Are they to be close or kept at arms _2_ (long) ? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are quite enough and thats all right. But at some point we need to make sure that our _3_ (expect) are the same as our _4_ (friend) expectations. The sharing of _5_ (person) experience is the surest way _6_ (deepen) friendships. But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are signs of interest and _7_ (act) return.What are some of the difficulties to friendship? The greatest is the _8_ (attract) to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships take time. Another main difficulty is the _9_ (selfish) to think one owns the other, including his time and_10_ (attend). Similarly, friendships need actions in return. In other words, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of taking care of each other. Unless you spend reasonable time together, talking on the phone, writing letters or doing things together, friendships will die away.C（有个别空格不填名词）Yesterday we had dinner at _1_ (Mr. White). Perhaps some dish didnt agree with me and I felt bad after dinner. So I had to go to the _2_ (doctor). _3_ doctor gave me some _4_ (medical). I felt _5_ (well) but I couldnt finish _6_ (yesterday) homework. My mother was _7_ (happy), but my father thought it _8_ pleasure for me to know Mr. White, _9_ famous, writer. As for me, I thought Mr. White focused too much on _10_ (succeed) because he didnt want to be a _11_ (fail).综合练习：A In recent years, Bill Gates has given financial support to improve American education. He launched the Measures of Effective Teaching project to test new ways to recognize what makes a good teacher. Thousands of teachers volunteered to take part. They agreed to have their classes _1_ (record) on video, but only for observation by researchers. Last spring, the project collected digital videos of thirteen thousand lessons in the classrooms taught _2_ the teachers. Researehers also collected information from students. They asked students to report _3_ opinions of each teachers classroom. Officials _4_ (recent) released early results of the project study. The report says _5_ (teacher) past success in raising student scores is one of the _6_ (strong) signs of their ability to do so again. This _7_ (know) as a teachers value-added. Another finding shows that _8_ (combine) different sources of information helps administrators provide better suggestions to teachers. In many cases, administrators had been basing their comments on student test scores only. The searchers plan to test a new measure that examines _9_ a teacher knows about how to teach a subject. Experts say these _10_ (find) could also help create better training and development for teachers. B Violence is more than a criminal problem. Its also a public health issue. More than 6,000 people _1_ (injure) annually due to violence, mostly young people in low-income neighborhoods. Job programs for teens done with school have proven _2_ (cost) and seem to do little _3_ (reduce) violence. But summer employment for kids still in school may be effective, according to a study by criminologist Sara Heller at the University of Pennsylvania. She followed more than 1,600 young people, many of _4_ took part in a Chicago program called One Summer Plus. It offers 8-week stints at jobs such as camp counselors, community gardeners, or govemment office workers at minimum wage. One group of kids worked 25 hours a week, with an adult mentor. Another groupworked 15 hours and got 10 hours of social-emotional _5_ (educate). A control group got nothing. _6_ (base) on school and police records, Heller found a 43 percent decrease in _7_ (violence) crime in the two groups that had jobs. This lasted long after the program ended. The work _8_ (apparent) helps students learn to manage conflict, reduce frustration _9_ improve self-control. Heller concludes that intervention programs can be low-cost and effective, even for _10_ problem as destructive and complex as youth violence.参考答案时态语态：1.is played 2.has swept 3.was trying 4.sell 5.wil