外研版英语八年级下module2词组和语法.doc

4英语八年级下module2词组和语法hold the line, please=hold on不要挂断（请稍等）right now = now 现在take a message 捎口信weather.or not（引导宾语从句）是否miss doing sth. 错过做某事fell like doing sth.=would like/want to do sth. 想要做某事make friends 交朋友good luck with sth. 某事进展顺利good luck to sb. 祝某人好运a couple of . 两个；几个by the way 顺便问/说一下（插入语）sometime 某个时候+将来时间状语（next week/month）区别: sometimes 有时some time 一段时间some times 几次in fact 事实上the early autumn 初秋junior high school 初中senior high school 高中be far away 遥远be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事be afraid of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事make friends with. 和交朋友every time 每次worry about.=be worried about.为担心as usual 像往常一样at that time=at that moment在那时pass=go past 经过turn back 转身day by day 一天天地close to. 靠近remember doing sth. 记得做了某事remember to do sth. 记得要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事smile at. 对微笑laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人at first 开始宾语从句的概念与分类在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。I dont know who will come.我不知道谁会来。I know nothing about my new neighbour except that he used to work as a teacher at a school.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一所学校当过教师。He is glad that his friends will come to his birthday party.他很高兴他的朋友们要来参加他的生日聚会宾语从句的引导词（1）从属连词that, if , whether1)that引导表示陈述的宾语从句Ive heard that you play in the school orchestra.我听说你在学校的管弦乐队演奏。2）if 和 whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试。（2）连接代词who , whom ,whose , what , whoever , whomever , whosever , whatever , whichever等。No one knew who I was.没有人知道我是谁。I know whose book this is.我知道这是谁的书（3）连接副词when , where, why , how , whenever , however等。He didnt tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。Can you tell me where youre from？你能告诉我你来自哪里吗？3. 宾语从句的引导词（1）主句动词为现在时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的影响。Do you know where the orchestra will play?你知道管弦乐队将在哪里演奏吗？Let me tell you what happened last night.让我来告诉你昨晚发生了什么？（2）主句动词为过去时，宾语从句用过去时态的某种形式。I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didny know which country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，但不知道是哪个国家？ I asked your secretary whether she could come or not.我问过你的秘书她是否能来。 提醒：宾语从句表示客观真理或客观事实时，不受主句动词时态的限制。The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth.老师说月亮绕着地球转。Didnt I tell you light travels much faster than sound.我没有告诉你光速比声速快吗4.宾语从句的语序if , whether引导一般疑问句或特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，用陈述句语序。Do you know if she is here yet?你知道他是否已经在这儿了吗？I want to know how old is he is.我想知道他多大了。（1）宾语从句的否定转移“I think(believe , imagine , suppose , guess等）+ 宾语从句”的句型中，往往否定主句，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。I dont think he will come to my party.我认为他不会来我的晚会we find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课，是不是？（2）动词find , feel , consider , make , believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，习惯用it做形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。I think it necessary that we plenty of hot water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。I have made it a rule that I keep diaries,写日记成了我每天的习惯。（3）“特殊疑问句+动词不定式”这一结构作宾语时，作用同宾语从句。Can you tell me how to get to the top of mountain?= Can you tell me how I can get to the top of the mountain?你能告诉我如何到达山顶吗？（4）一般疑问句或特殊疑问句作宾语从句用陈述句语序，助动词do , does , did 要省略；但构成否定句时，不省略。I dont know where he lives.我不知道他住在哪里。Could you tell me why he didnt come to school yesterday?你能告诉我他昨天为什么没有来学校吗？单项选择（ ）1.he asked who_ answer the question.A.will B.couldC.would D.can（ ）2.the father told me that the earth_ around the sun.A. goes B.travelC. went D.moved（ ）3.Miss green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A.where does she live B.where she livesC.where did she live D.where she lived( ) 4.I dont know when _ .A.will the train leave B.the train will leaveC.would the train leave D.the train leave( ) 5.We dont know _ .Its said that he was born in Sweden.A. what he is B.if he lives hereC. where he comes from D.which country is he from( ) 6. Do you know_ I could pass the exam?A. that B.whetherC. what D.which( ) 7. Excuse me, would you please tell me .A.how can we get to the post office.B.how get to the post officeC.how to get to the post officeD.how could we get to the post office.( ) 8. I dont know_he will come tomorrow._he comes, Ill tell you .A. if ; Whether B. whether ; WhetherC. if ; That D. if ; If二句型转换1.He wont come . I think.（改宾语从句）I _ think he _ come.2.Did Peter come here yesterday? Li lei wants to know.（改宾语从句）Li lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday.3.“Why doesnt he live with his parents?” Mr Hu asked.（同上）Mr H