在职人员申请硕士研究生学位英语模拟试题3-4.doc

在职人员申请硕士研究生学位英语模拟试题3Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section ADirections: In each item, choose one word that best keeps the meaning of the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word. Mark out your choice on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.16. Einsteins theory of relativity seemed incredible when it was first introduced. A.unbelievable B.unreasonable C.impressive D.inconsistent17. We approached the farmhouse cautiously because we were afraid of the vicious dog.A.nervously B.bravely C.carefully D.deliberately18. Every day, the news of the world is relayed to people by over 300 million copies of daily newspapers, over 400 million radio sets and over 150 million television sets.A.transported B.transmitted C.broadcast D.handled19. When the police came to the street, the neighboring people told them that the house had been vacant for quite a long time.A.occupied B.haunted C.empty D.reserved20. Thus our conviction is reinforced that only social revolution can really solve the problems of the people.A.argument B.belief C.proposal D.theory21. More and more attention is being given to the conservation of wild life in allocated game reserves.A.observation B.protection C.distribution D.investigation22. The adult polar bear is almost totally a marine animal.A.plant-eating B.fur-covered C.sea-dwelling D.warm-blood23. She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.A.regular B.specific C.extraordinary D.rare24. Modern technology progresses so rapidly that what may be todays wild dream may be next years kitchen appliance. A.machine B.utensil C.stove D.cupboard25. The writer was asked to condense his article in order to save space for other contributors.A.expand B.continue C.abbreviate D.enlargeSection BDirections: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark out your choice on the ANSTER SHEET with a single line through the center.26. With prices _ so much, its hard for the factory to plan a budget.A.shaking B.fluctuatingC.swinging D.vibrating27. He underwent four _ operations in two weeks.A.excessive B.extensiveC.intensive D.successive28. During the _ farmers took all the troubles to irrigate their crops.A.draught B.naughtC.fraught D.drought29. Jack was completely _ by the criminals disguise.A.taken in B.taken afterC.taken for D.taken to30. Their confidence in him was greatly _ by his prolonged hesitation before taking any action.A.appreciated B.confirmedC.weakened D.cherished31. According to the weather forecast, which is usually _ , it will snow this afternoon.A.accurate B.preciseC.exact D.perfect32. His latest novel has _ his already considerable reputation.A.magnified B.enlargedC.strengthened D.erased33. Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this _ produces artificial cold surrounding it.A.absorption B.transitionC.consumption D.interaction34. Because he was _ of the new limit, he was stopped and warned for speeding.A.ignorant B.accustomedC.reluctant D.pathetic35. Lisa made a lot of effort to persuade her father into _ to her going to the United States to study business administration.A.contending B.contestingC.consoling D.consentingPart III Reading Comprehension(50 minutes,30 points)Directions:There are 6 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Questions 3640 are based on the following passage.The Enlightenment(启蒙运动)and the romantic movement of modern European culture stimulated interest in myth(神话)，both through theories about myth and through new academic disciplines. Although the Enlightenment emphasized the rationality of human beings,it directed attention to all human expressions,including religion and mythology.Enlightenment scholars tried to make sense of the seemingly irrational and fantastic mythic stories.Their explanations included historical evolutionary theoriesthat human culture evolved from an early state of ignorance and irrationality to the modern culture of rationalitywith myths seen as products of the early ages of ignorance and irrationality.Myths were also thought to result from euhemerism, that is,the divinizing(神化)of the heroic virtues of a human being. More important than any one theory of mythology,however,was the development of systematic disciplines devoted to the study of mythology.In new fields such as social and cultural anthropology and the history of religions,scholars were forced to come to terms with myths from earlier historical periods outside the Western tradition,and they began to relate the study of myth to a broader understanding of culture and history.The romantic movement turned to the older IndoEuropean myths as intellectual and cultural resources.Romantic scholars tended to view myth as an irreducible form of human expression:For them,myth,as a mode of thinking and perception,possessed prestige equal to or sometimes greater than the rational grasp of reality.Myth had always been part of classical and theological studies in the West,but during and after the Enlightenment,the concern for myth,revived with new intensity,could be detected in almost all the newer university disciplinesanthropology,history,psychology,history of religions,political science,structural linguistics.Most current theories of myth emerged from one or more of these disciplines.36. In the first sentence,the word “discipline” is closest in meaning to the word _ .A.subject B.ruleC.study D.research37. Which of the following is characteristic of the Enlightenment?A.Attention to all human expression.B.Rational thinking.C.Systematic study of human culture.D.Broad understanding of culture and history.38. According to historical evolutionary theory, _ .A.myths reflect an age of ignorance and irrationalityB.myths are irreducible form of human expressionC.myths possess prestige equal to the rational grasp of realityD.myths are based on stories though seemingly irrational39. When scholars began to study myths from other cultures, _ .A.they found myths were rational storiesB.they got a better understanding of mythsC.they found they were better than Western mythsD.they began to understand human culture and history40. Before the Enlightenment,the study of myths was closely related with _ .A.anthropology B.psychologyC.mythology D.theologyQuestions 4145 are based on the following passage.Rising energy costs increase operating costs drastically for many older air-conditioning systems in large buildings,causing owners to seek help. In some cases,existing equipment must be replaced completely with more efficient new systems. Most of the time,however,the old system can be reengineered,with some new components replacing older ones.Often engineers achieve large energy savings by reviewing operations,making adjustments so that the system operates according to original design,and setting up a program of careful maintenance. A single dirty filter or slipping fan belt does not in itself waste much energy. But many such problems in a large system add up to large efficiency losses.Engineers also make changes to reduce the resistance to air flow in ducts(导管),grills,and piping.Lowered resistance results in less energy needed to drive the fan or pump,and sometimes a lower horsepower fan can be used.Turning down the entire system is another way to save energy. Without seriously affecting the comfort of living,the engineer can reduce the extent to which the air is heated or cooled.Each type of large-building system presents engineers with its own unique set of problems. For example,the single-duct-single-zone system which is probably the most common supplies air at a constant temperature to one complete zone, or area of a building or to the entire structure all at once. Because it is not easy to control zones,this system wastes energy by heating or cooling unoccupied rooms.The terminal reheat system allows for better zone control.It has a heating coil in each branch duct to zones of similar loads.In this system energy is used twice,first to cool the air,then to reheat it. Two improved systems multi-zone and dual duct have better zoning capabilities but still waste energy.In variable air volume(VAV)systems,a central unit supplies cooled or heated air at constant,controllable temperatures to VAV boxes for each zone.These boxes vary the quantity rather than the temperature of the air. This mode of operation is energy efficient because no air is heated or cooled beyond need. In structures where zoned air conditioning is required, engineers selecting systems often choose VAV for its energy efficiency without even considering other systems.41. By saying“the old system can be reengineered”(In the first paragraph),the author means _ .A.the old system can be replaced with a more efficient new systemB.some parts in the old system can be replaced by new onesC.the faulty parts can be repaired or improvedD.the old system can be improved through better maintenance42. Energy may be saved by all the following except _ .A.carefully cleaning the dirty partsB.replacing the slipping fan beltC.reducing the resistance to air flowD.changing the original design greatly43. The single-duct-single-zone system wastes energy _ .A.because it has to cool unnecessary parts of the roomB.because it supplies air at a constant temperatureC.because it has to be used to heat large buildingsD.because it is too old-fashioned44. What is the disadvantage of the terminal reheat system?A.It allows for better zone control.B.It uses energy twice.C.It has to cool heated air.D.It has a heating coil in each branch duct.45. Which of the following air-conditioning systems is highly recommended by the author?A.The VAV system. B.The terminal reheat system.C.The single-duct-single-zone system. D.The large-building system.Questions 4650 are based on the following passage.In our society the unwritten rules of communication discourage the direct expression of most emotions.Count the number of genuine emotional expressions you hear over a two-day or three-day period and youll discover that emotional expressions are rare.People are generally comfortable making statements of fact and often delight in expressing their opinions,but they rarely disclose how they feel.Not surprisingly,the emotions that people do share directly are usually positive.For example, one study of married couples revealed that the partners shared flattering feelings of facesaving ones.They also willingly disclosed both positive and negative feelings about absent third parties.On the other hand,the husbands and wives rarely expressed face-threatening feelings of hostility.Surprisingly,social rules even discourage too much expression of positive feelings.A hug and kiss for Mother is all right,though a young man should shake hands with Dad.Affection toward friends becomes less and less frequent as we grow older,so that even a simple statement such as “I like you” is seldom heard between adults.A review of research on emotional expression supports the cultural stereotype(典型)of the nonemotional male and the more emotional female.As a group,women are more likely than men to express their emotions.They are better at distinguishing between related feelings such as liking and loving,and they are more likely to have more affectionate relationships than men.Of course,these gender(性别)differences are statistical average,and there are many men and women who do not fall into these types.46. Why do people rarely express their feelings?A.Because they would not feel comfortable doing so.B.Because they like facts better.C.Because they think personal feeling would distort facts.D.Because they seldom have positive feelings.47. Which of the following utterances expresses a face-threatening feeling?A.You are not doing well this time,but you will be OK.B.Jane always phones her boyfriend at work.C.You seldom have time even talking to me.D.You look pretty today.Where did you get that sweater.48. The traditional view holds that _ .A.people become more silent when they grow oldB.people even seldom express positive feelings to othersC.men are better at expressing their feelings than womenD.women are better at expressing their feelings than men49. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.All women are better at recognizing feelings than men.B.All men are better at recognizing feelings than women.C.The average men do not like women.D.Some men are better at expressing themselves than women.50. When people grow older, _ .A.they are better at expressing their feelingsB.they express positive feelings only to their spousesC.they often try to stay away from friendsD.they hide their feelings betterQuestions 5155 are based on the following passage.The director makes all artistic or creative decisions and is responsible for the harmonious(和谐的)unity of a production.The director,usually in cooperation with the designers (and perhaps the producer),determines a concept,motif,or interpretation for the script(剧本)or scenario;selects a cast(演员),rehearses(排练)them;and usually has a deciding role in scenery, costumes, lights, and sound. Movement,timing,pacing,and visual and aural effects are all determined by the director;what the audience finally sees is the directors vision.From the time of the ancient Greeks until the 17th century this role was generally fulfilled by the playwriter,and from the 17th to the end of the 19th century directing was the function of the leading actor of a company.Under such conditions,however,ensemble(剧团)performance was rare.The concept of the modern director can be traced to the 18thcentury English actormanager David Garrick,although George II is generally referred to as the first director;touring Europe with his theater company in the 1870s and 80s,he exercised absolute control over all aspects of production.In the 20th century there has been a tendency for directors to use a script simply as a starting point for their own theatrical visions,resulting in productions often called“theatricalist.”Such productions often achieve clarification or emphasis of themes or images in the text,sometimesadmittedlyat the expense of the integrity(完整性)of the original.Some wellknown directors of this type were Vsevolod Meyerhold,Max Reinhardt,Jean Louis Barrault,and,more recently,Peter Brook,Peter Stein,and Tom OHorgan.The director usually selects the cast through auditions(试听)in which performers read sections of the script to be produced,present prepared scenes or speeches,or,when appropriate, sing and dance. The director of a musical production is aided in the auditioning process by the musical director and the choreographer.Although auditioning is acknowledged to be a bad method,it does allow the director to judge the talents and qualities of potential performers. Actors may also be hired on the basis of reputation,recommendation of agents,or simply for physical appropriateness.51. By saying that“what the audience sees is the directors vision”(In the third sentence of the first paragraph),the author means that _ .A.a play is a reflection of its directors idea about itB.the cast have to perform within the limits set by the directorC.the cast to have to say what the director tells themD.the scenery of the play is determined by the director52. The “theatricalist”production of a play is one _ .A.which keeps closely to the original scriptB.which is traced to the 18th century theatreC.which uses the script only as a basisD.which has long been a tradition in film production53. Auditioning is a process _ .A.by which the cast rehearse themselvesB.through which the cast show their talentsC.in which the director trains the castD.through which the director hires cast54. According to the last sentence,the selection of actors is NOT based on _ .A.whether they are famous enoughB.whether they are introduced by a famous agentC.whether they are pretty or handsome enoughD.whether their appearance matches that of the characters in the play55. What is the passage mainly about?A.Modern film production. B.The selection of cast.C.The role of the director. D.The changes in film production.Question 5660 are based on the following passage.Fire worship is a religious devotion to fire as a sacred element.Like sun worship,from which it cannot always be distinguished,the worship of fire is one of the earliest forms of religion.The flame itself may be the object of admiration,or it may be regarded as the material manifestation of a divinity(神)or fire spirit.In almost every mythology there is an account of the way fire was brought to humankind.In Greek legend,the Titan Prometheus is said to have stolen the precious flame from Mount Olympus,the home of the gods.A legend among the Polynesian Cook Islanders of the South Pacific describes the descent of the culture hero Maui to the underworld,where he learned the art of making fire by rubbing two sticks together.Various Semitic peoples appeased the fire god Moloch with the sacrifice of their firstborn children,and ritual(仪式的)offerings to fire gods were made by the Egyptians and other peoples of the ancient world.Fire worship occupied a central position in the religious rit