翻译考试试卷答案.doc

2014年6月翻译考试试题Part I： Please translate the following sentences into Chinese with the designated translating methods. (10分，每题2分)1. Students are asked to remind themselves of the rules for the borrowing and return of books, and to bear in mind the needs of other students. Penalties for overdue books will in the future be strictly enforced.（主/被动语态转换）A:现要求学生谨记借书还书规则，并考虑其他学生的需要。今后凡借书逾期不还者，必将严格按章处罚。2. People who dont receive or give themselves pats on the back are much less likely to give praise to others. （释义）不接受或不表扬自己的人也很少表扬别人3. A strange was shot and critically injured after stepping into a private property accidentally. The father of two was rushed to the hospital. （合并）一位有两个孩子的父亲在走进一个私有房产后被开枪击中，身受重伤， 随即被送往医院4. In his essay “The Philosophy of Travel,” George Santayana writes that we sometimes need to escape into open solitudes, into aimlessness, and into a moral holiday. （增补）乔治桑塔亚那在他的文章旅行哲学中写道，有时候我们需要遁入开放的孤独，漫无目的，给道德放个假。5. Thirty people were killed and more than fifty others were wounded Monday in a suicide blast targeting a public procession in Pakistans financial capital of Karachi, officials said. （语序调整）巴安全部门称，周一在巴基斯坦金融中心卡拉奇发生的一起针对公开游行活动的自杀性爆炸袭击已造成三十人死亡和超过五十人受伤。Part II： Please translate the following sentences into English with the designated translating methods. （10分，每题2分）1. 中国是一个既古老而又充满活力的国家。它有着五千多年的历史，又处在改革的新时期。（合并）China is an old and dynamic state. It has five thousand years of history, but also in the new era of reform.2. 布朗大学最近的研究表明，接受过音乐教育的学生，其数学和阅读技能要胜于那些没有接受过音乐教育的学生。（省略）Recent research by the Brown University shows that students who have received a music education are better at math and reading skills than those who havent?3. 出自大师之手的乐器，其每个细节都可以复制，但声音却无法复制。（反说正译）Musical instruments made by a master, each of which can be copied but not the sound.4. 无论怎样计算，消费价格都比去年同期上涨了10%以上。（词类转换）No matter how to calculate, consumer prices are up more than 10% over the same period last year5. 我敢说，凡与我恋爱过的女孩无论最终嫁与谁，都绝对的“完璧归赵”。（意译）Part III: Please translate the following passage into Chinese. (20%)（1）（3分） Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier.A:史书上出现最频繁、最光荣的人大多是伟大的征服者、将军和士兵，而那些真正有助于文明推进的人往往从未被提及。我们并不知道是谁最先治好了断腿，是谁发明了适合海上航行的船只，是谁计算出一年的长度，又是谁开垦了第一块田地。但是我们却了解所有有关杀手和驱逐舰的故事。人们是那样的怀念他们，以至于在世界上那些大城市里的最高的支柱上，你会发现一个征服者或者将军、士兵的身影。（2）（4分） And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently - this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done - is not being civilized.A:我觉得人们普遍认为最伟大的国家是那些在战斗中打败其他国家数量最多，并且作为征服者管辖他们的国家。他们也许是最伟大的 ，但却不是最文明的。动物会打架，野人也是。因此，擅长战斗只是擅长动物和野人的那种长处，但那并不是文明。即使善于让别人为你作战，并告诉他们如何最有效地做到这一点，正如征服者和将军们所做的那样，也不能算是文明。（3）（4分） People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.人们通过决斗来解决纷争，然而决斗意味着杀戮。文明人应该能够找到解决纠纷的途径，而不是观看哪一方的人能够杀掉更多另一方的人，然后判断那一方的人胜利。他们不仅取得了胜利，而且，正因为他们胜利了，人们就认为他们是对的。那就是战争的意义，战争意味着强权即公理。（4）（3分） That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets - while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life - nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.这就是大多数人的故事。甚至我们自己所在的时期也经历了历史上两次最大的战争，数以百万计的人在战争中丧生或被肢解。虽然现在人们并不会在街上互相残杀，说虽然是因为我们已经处于一个在日常生活中互相遵守规矩，正确行事的时期，但是一些集体和国家却没有做到这点，而且仍然表示出像野蛮人那样的举动。（5）（3分）But we must not expect too much. After all, the race of men has only just started. From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young children indeed, babies, in fact, of a few months old. Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jellyfish and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years; but there have been men for only one million years, and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years at the outside. These figures are difficult to grasp; so let us scale them down. Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures on the earth as one hundred years; then the whole past of man works out at about one month, and during that month there have been civilizations for between seven and eight hours. All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else.但是我们不要期望过高。毕竟，人类的竞争才刚刚开始。从进化的角度来看，人类其实只是小孩子，实际上，应该是只有几个月大的婴儿。科学家估计，地球上一些生物，像水母，或者其他形式的生物，已经生存了大约十二亿年。而人类的历史只有一百万年左右，并且是最近8000年左右才开始出现文明人。这些数据难以掌握，让我们缩小范围来讲。假设我们认为地球上生物存在的历史是100年，那么人类的历史就只有一个月，而在这一个月中，文明人的历史仅有7、8个小时。我们可以说，人类可以做一些其他的事情。（6）（3分）So you see there has been little time to learn in, but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better. Taking mans civilized past at about seven or eight hours, we may estimate his future, that is to say, the whole period between now and when the sun grows too cold to maintain life any longer on the earth, at about one hundred thousand years. Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its civilized life, and as I say, we must not expect too much. The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business, a business of fighting and bullying and gorging and grabbing and hurting. We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things. All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else. 所以之前我们没有时间学习，但之后我们会有大把的时间可以用来学习。以人类的文明才过去大约七八个小时来说，我们可以估计人类的未来，那就是说，从现在起，到太阳变得太冷而无法维持地球上的生命为止，大约还有十万年。因此，人类的文明生活才刚刚开始，正如我所说，我们不能期望太高。人类的过去大体来说是个相当野蛮的过程，充满决斗和欺凌，对弱者狼吞虎咽，彼此互相摩擦和伤害。我们也不能期望文明的人就不会做这些事。我们所要求的是，他们有时也会做别的事情。Part : Please translate the following passage into English. (10%)（1）（2分）在茫茫宇宙间, 每个人都只有一次生存的机会, 都是一个独一无二、不可重复的存在。正如卢梭所说的, 上帝把你造出来后, 即刻打碎了那个属于你的特定模子。Among the vast universe, everyone has only once chance to survive, and everyone is a unique and unrepeatable existence. As Rousseau said, God broke the particular mold belongs to you instantly after you was made out.（2）（4分）名声、财产、知识等等是身外之物, 人人都可求而得之, 但没有人能够代替你感受人生。你死之后, 没有人能够代替你再活一次。如果你真正意识到了这一点,你就会明白, 活在世上, 最重要的事就是活出你自己的特色和滋味来。你的人生是否有意义, 衡量的标准不是外在的成功, 而是你对人生意义的独特领悟和坚守,从而使你的自我闪放出个性的光华。Reputation, property, knowledge , etc , is worldly possession, which everyone can get if he wants it, but no one can replace you of your own feeling of life .No one can replace you for another chance of life after your death .If you are really aware of this, you will understand that the most important thing in life is to live out your own characteristics and tastes .Worldly success is not the measurable criteria of whether your life is meaningful or n