LD350带悬臂拉丝机的设计【含CAD图纸+文档】
收藏
资源目录
压缩包内文档预览：(预览前20页/共58页)
编号：16725040
类型：共享资源
大小：1.93MB
格式：ZIP
上传时间：2019-03-20
上传人：机****料
认证信息
个人认证
高**（实名认证）
河南
IP属地：河南
50
积分
- 关 键 词：
-
含CAD图纸+文档
LD350带悬臂拉丝机的设计【含CAD图纸+文档】
- 资源描述：
-
- 内容简介：
-
英文文献翻译学 生 姓 名：学 院：专业及班级：学 号：指导教师： 械可靠性设计方法及其研究应用程序 文摘 基于可靠性测试和故障数据的统计分析,机械可靠性设计的基本任务为工程实践提出mathematical-mechanical模型和方法。这样的工作状态和生活的机械产品在规定的工作条件下可以在设计阶段预测。机械可靠性设计的内涵和发展阐述了通过整合现代mathematical-mechanical理论。一系列的理论和方法,如机械可靠性设计、动态可靠性设计、可靠性优化设计、可靠性灵敏度设计,可靠性稳健设计,清晰、系统地解释道。基于特征的机械可靠性设计,以及研究矿井提升机的可靠性设计,以矿井提升机主轴轴承为例,论述了可靠性设计在矿井提升机中的应用设计1. 介绍 科学技术的不断发展使得更大的需求的产品,这不仅应该更好的性能,但也更高的可靠性。在传统的基础上设计,可靠性设计过程材料特性等参数,尺寸部分,负载,力量和其他人是随机变量服从一定的统计规律。此外,数学概率模型及其分布将会根据这个设计规则形成的。由于概率和统计理论和强度理论公式,在一定概率部分的损害条件也得到,从而他们的维度和生活在一定的可靠性计算,既满足操作要求,有助于优化设计的形成参数1,或零件的可靠性和系统可以根据可靠性设计总结理论。因此,上述设计弥补了传统设计的缺点和减少之间的距离设计程序和生产实践。2.机械产品可靠性优化设计的发展现状 可靠性优化设计已成为优化设计的一个重要分支。使用的机械零件,齿轮减速器。中国的可靠性优化设计齿轮传动和行星齿轮传动的可靠性优化设计,等等的雷达,通信的可靠性问题和其他方面的机器已经被提出中国在1960年代。经济快速发展和改革开放的1970年代末推进系统可靠性的关键部件的使用和民用项目。经过多年的努力,可靠性军事组件有两个数量级。在1980年代,一群研究人员和技术的可靠性组织的骨干,建立在中国,进一步实现状态可靠性工程部门已经开始。1990年,中国的民用和军用产品质的飞跃,许多民用电器产品,使得产品质量的可靠性达到了一个新的高在过去的30年里、优化设计方法、机械产品的快速发展,在过去的30年里、优化设计方法、机械产品的快速发展,特别是在机械产品的可靠性设计的发展,技术和实践机械产品的工程实践。人认为机械产品的优化设计可靠性是更合理的基础,因为在传统机械产品比作为一个整体,性能的随机性,在未来的工作。也就是说,一些参数的仿真机械产品作为随机变量,基于可靠性的结构优化设计的机械产品可靠性要求的集成优化设计的约束条件,或者到我们的目标函数优化设计,即在某些可靠性指标权重,降低机械产品的成本,或通过调整参数的机械产品,或下某些情况下,机械产品的最大重量和成本,通过调整参数,零部件的可靠性。机械产品的主要需求不仅是安全的,可靠的和经济的合理性。因此,机械产品的优化设计,可以显著提高设计的质量和经济效益,机械产品的可靠性设计实证研究和探索的重要问题在国内外电流。然而,由于机械产品可靠性分析与大量的失效形式和其他相失效模式的问题,可靠性更加困难,越来越复杂,因此,机械产品的可靠性设计变得更加困难。此外,最佳的解决方案算法被用来优化设计,也进行了讨论。因此,当前的可靠性和水平优化设计机械产品仍在开发的早期阶段1。3.机械产品可靠性高的优点3.1.提高产品的使用率 为了提高机械产品的可靠性,减少停机时间和维修人员,提高产品的利用率。现代机械产品的工作环境变得更加严重,从陆地、海洋和提供一个恶劣的环境空间的挑战,高可靠性,高安全性和系统的特征,系统集成和其他需要继续很长一段时间迫使系统必须有一个良好的可靠性。3.2.防止事故和故障的发生 提高机械产品的可靠性,它可以防止事故和故障,特别是在为了避免灾难性事故的发生。1986年挑战者号航天飞机是美国海豹的失败,起飞、爆炸76秒。造成经济损失1.2亿美元。现代高新技术产品,因其严格的函数。3.3.明显的技术和经济效益 机械可靠性和优化设计是基于概率理论和优化设计参与机制的方法,应用程序设计,强度,和设计、材料的选择和生活的失效分析,和许多其他设计变量和参数,并提供明确的技术。和经济和可靠性指数也存在,目标函数优化模型和概率和非线性的特点,非凸非线性,需要满足各种随机的约束。机械产品设计方法,根据产品不仅能保证工作产品的可靠性和安全性,功能,重量,体积小,成本和其他参数优化、技术和经济效益明显改善。4.机械产品的可靠性优化设计这提出了可靠性优化设计问题。可靠性优化设计主要考虑以下问题:1.优化设计,可以根据不同的设计要求,选择不同的特点函数作为目标函数。 2.设计变量。结构的总体规模和大小的组件和机械性能,等,是最常见的机械部件的设计变量,需要优化和决赛独立参数优化设计过程。在设计参数的确定随机性和分布参数应被视为反映的实际情况部分。 3.约束条件。约束条件不仅可以限制在结构参数,但是也部分的功能,这需要参考常优化设计,根据具体情况来确定。在会议上减少可靠性的要求,或在会议成本,总成本的价值的尺寸、重量和其他指标,最大可靠性。因此,可靠性设计机械产品可分为两种类型的最优可靠性的数学模型设计。 可靠性作为目标函数。 可靠性作为约束条件5.机械零件的设计特点 因为压力可以支持部分和材料的强度但随机不确定值变量和不连续性,分布函数是数学中考虑。这是因为负载,强度、尺寸和操作alternativeness的特性和统计特性2,需要,因此概率和统计理论来分析和解决这个问题。5.1.定量描述产品的失效概率和可靠性可以做到的 众所周知,设计的产品有一定的失败概率,不能高于容许值中规定的技术文件。然而,可靠性设计可以提供产品的失效概率和可靠性定量。5.2.可以选择各种可靠性指标 传统的可靠性设计只有一个评价指标,即安全系数。通过相反,可靠性设计提供了各种和根据具体情况适当的索引对于不同的产品,如失效概率、可靠性,没有失败的平均工作时间,firstfailure驾驶英里(车辆)、可维护性、可用性等等。5.3.环境的影响考虑在内 由于很大的影响在压力下面的环境因素如温度、影响,地震、防潮、雾、侵蚀、灰尘、磨损,可靠性大大影响结果。,因此考虑到环境能更好地反映零件的实际操作6.机械产品的可靠性设计原则 比起电动产品,机械产品有自己的特点和方法设计和分析。总之,机械产品的可靠性设计应坚持的原则(3、4),如下所示:6.1.可靠性设计与传统设计的结合 传统的安全系数法直观,简单,容易掌握,一个小工作负载可以保证机械零件的可靠性在大多数情况下。但目前是非常很难进行传统的机械产品可靠性设计在特殊的情况下。由于这个原因,它似乎是合理的和必要的改进和完善传统方法的帮助下概率设计。此外,可靠性概率设计旨在关键部分可以逐步进行6.2.质量和数量设计的集成 数量设计指的是数量分析和计算的可靠性,但它不能解决所有问题与可靠性有关。更重要的是,在某些时候,它是不合适的,甚至是不可能的为可靠性定量阐述了。从而需要集成的质量和可靠性数量。至于部分的质量要求和难以使数量计算,它更合理有效的进行质量设计。实践证明,设计质量扮演着一个很重要的角色,保证和提高机械产品的可靠性。,因此在可靠性设计的过程中,应该综合设计质量和数量。6.3.并联机械可靠性和耐用性 在广泛的意义上,机械产品的可靠性包括可靠性和耐用性。因此,相应的机械可靠性设计包括上面提到的两个。具体来说,可靠性设计是特定于偶尔的错误,而耐久性是特定于渐进的缺点,和他们的错机制是不同的。6.4.并联系统和零部件的可靠性 考虑到机械零件的低standarization和普遍性程度和复杂功能状态和结构,设计师必须做出一个全面的系统和部件的设计。零件强度基本保证系统可靠性和部分最基本单元的整体系统。在这种情况下,零件的设计应该添加传统可靠性设计。systematicreliability设计的目的是为了实现协调和优化的技术性能,重指数,系统的制造成本和使用寿命,提供系统已经满足了可靠性指标和实现预定的功能。7.可靠性设计的Allication矿井提升机 矿井提升机的可靠性设计的关键是如何改变目前设备和参数有关(例如零部件的尺寸、强度、加载)通过实验数据统计最后得出其分布。此外,可靠性、维度和生活服务还可以计算一个接一个。 起重机减速器和主轴结构配有滚动轴承,其寿命一个至关重要的对绞车的操作可靠性的影响。现在,在滚动轴承的周期时间生命的租赁可以达到甚至超过材料疲劳极限的循环基地(约107)。这是普遍采用有限的生命设计为了整个结构合理化,减少其维度和重量,最后充分利用材料和提高零件的承载能力。的条件这周期is106和可靠性为90%(即平等的帮助下负载的动态负载评级C滚动轴承可以运行106运行,与此同时90%的轴承不遭受疲劳点蚀故障5)的设计和选择执行承载力。 在前面分析的基础上,滚动轴承的可靠性设计主轴结构 滚动轴承是vice-varying压力。失败的过程中操作的结果常规的压力变化。由于压力的长期影响,表面金属倒了滚动体和内部和外部的详细信息。疲劳点蚀形成,也会导致疲劳失效。证明原件及设备或设备的寿命,所有的函数失败了由于局部疲劳失效或故障,符合威布尔分布。所以是滚动轴承。失效概率F可以描述为在上面,一个N代表生命特征;N周期,以106年为单位,为参数。可靠性可以制定为:对数后双方的操作: 基于前面的分析,滚动轴承的额定寿命是10 L(即失效概率可靠性为90%时是10%)。因此,额定寿命 在上面,90 N时指的是周期的可靠性是90%。(3)除以(4),结果就变成: 8.结论 通过研究机械可靠性设计和结合矿井提升机的结构,它提出了可靠性设计的关键过程的应用到矿井提升机如下。的首先是确定有关参数的统计数据,然后建立故障数学模型,最后可以操作的可靠性设计。此外,矿井提升机的滚动轴承被认为是本研究的对象,同时轴承的疲劳寿命统计,轴承的生活的规则符合威布尔分布是后天习得的。接下来,根据滚动轴承的额定寿命的效果是10 L(即周期)90%的可靠性时,轴承的寿命(循环)计算根据给定的可靠性。一句话,这是极其有意义的提升时的可靠性的提高机械可靠性设计理论知识应用到矿井提升机的设计的部分。引用1张晓琴,莫才颂.机械部件的可靠性设计分析J.茂名杂志College,2008.1 91 - 93.2刘伟鑫。可靠性设计的机器。M.北京:清华大学出版社,1996年3孙伟,高联华,姚新民等。机械产品的可靠性设计方法研究J。2007年机械工业标准化&Quality, 2007814-17.4向一舟.晨歌、丁丽玉 机械产品的可靠性设计和试验J.中国西南杂志上西南师范大学,20081330 - 333.5葛世荣。矿井提升机的可靠性技术M。徐州:中国矿业大学科技出版The Study on Mechanical Reliability Design Method and ItsApplicationYang YuanfanSchool of Transportation Science and Engineering ,Beihang University ,Beijing, ChinaAbstractBased on the reliability test and statistical analysis of the failure data, the basic task of mechanical reliability design isto propose mathematical-mechanical models and methods for engineering practice. In this way the working state andlife of the mechanical product under the prescriptive working condition can be predicted in the design stage. Theconnotation and development of mechanical reliability-based design is expounded by integrating modernmathematical-mechanical theories. A series of theories and approaches, such as the mechanical reliability-baseddesign, dynamic reliability-based design, reliability-based optimization design, reliability-based sensitivity design,reliability-based robust design, are explained clearly and systematically. Based on characteristics of mechanicalreliability design, as well as study on reliability design of mine hoist, taking mine hoist spindle bearing as example,this paper discusses the application of reliability design in mine hoist design.2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of name organizerKeywords:Mechanical Reliability; Design; Rolling Bearing1.IntroductionThe increasing development of science and technology has made greater requirements of products,which should be of not only better performance, but also higher reliability. On the basis of traditionaldesigns, the reliability design processes such parameters as material properties, dimension of parts, loads,strength and others to be random variables that comply with certain statistical law. Besides, mathematicalprobability model and its distribution will be formed according to this design rule. By virtue of probabilityand statistics theories and strength theory, the formula of probability for parts damage under givenconditions is also to be obtained and thereby their dimension and life under given reliability will becalculated, which both satisfies the operation requirements and helps with the formation of optimal designparameters1, or the reliability of parts and system can be concluded according to the reliability designtheory. Therefore, the design mentioned above makes up for the disadvantages of the conventional designsand reduces the distance between design program and production practice.2.The Development Status of Reliability Optimization Design of Mechanical ProductsThe reliability-based optimization design has become an important branch of optimization design. Usedin the mechanical parts - gear, gear reducer. China has been the reliability-based optimization design ofgear transmission and the reliability-based optimization design of planetary gear transmission, etc. In thereliability of communication problem, radar, and other aspects of the machines have been put forward inChina in the 1960s. With the rapid economic development and reform and opening in the late 1970spropulsion system reliability of key components of use and civil items. After years of efforts, the reliabilityof military components has two orders of magnitude. In the 1980s, a group of researchers and technicalbackbone of the reliability of the organization, established in China, further implementation of stateministries of reliability engineering has begun. In 1990, Chinas civil and military products with aqualitative leap, many civil electrical products, has made such a reliability of the product quality hasreached a new high.In the past 30 years, optimization design method, the rapid development of mechanical products,especially in the development of the reliability design of mechanical products, technology and practical inengineering practice of mechanical products. People think that the optimal design of mechanical productsreliability is more reasonable basis, because in traditional mechanical products than by as a whole, theperformance of randomness, in the future work. That is to say, some parameters of the simulation ofmechanical products as random variables, in structure optimization design based on reliability, thereliability requirements of integration of mechanical products for optimization design of the constraintconditions, or into our target function optimization design, namely, in certain reliability index weight,reduce the cost of mechanical products, or by adjusting the parameters of mechanical products, or undercertain conditions, the maximum weight and cost of mechanical products by adjusting the parameters, thereliability of the parts. The main requirements of mechanical products are not only safe, reliable andeconomical rationality. Therefore, the optimization design of mechanical products, can significantlyimprove the design quality and economic benefit, the reliability design of mechanical products has becomean important problem in the empirical research and exploration in the domestic and foreign current.However, due to mechanical product reliability analysis is related to large amounts of invalidation formsand other relevant problems of failure modes, reliability more difficult, more and more complex, therefore,the reliability design of mechanical products is becoming more difficult. In addition, the optimal solutionalgorithm was used to optimize the design, is also discussed. Therefore, the current level of reliability andoptimal design of mechanical products is still in the early stages of development 1.3.The Advantages of High Reliability Mechanical Products3.1. Improve the Usage Rate of ProductTo improve the reliability of mechanical products, reduce downtime and maintenance personnel,improve product utilization. Modern machinery products work environment become more severe, andfrom the land, sea and provide a harsh environment space challenge, high reliability, high safety and thecharacteristics of the system, system integration and other needs to continue for a long time withoutforcing the system must have a good reliability.3.2.Prevent the Occurrence of Accidents and FailuresTo improve the reliability of mechanical products, it can prevent accidents and failure, especially inorder to avoid catastrophic accidents. The 1986 challenger space-shuttle is Americas seal failure, aftertake-off, explosion 76 seconds. The economic loss caused by 120 million dollars. Modern high-techproduct, because its strict function.3.3.Obvious Technology and Economic BenefitsMechanical reliability and optimal design is based on probability theory and optimization designmethod, the application of participation mechanism design, strength, and the design, material selectionand life failure analysis, and many other design variables and parameters, and provide clear technology.And the economy and reliability index also exists, the objective function optimization model and thecharacteristics of probability and nonlinear, non-convex nonlinear, need to meet all kinds of randomconstraints. Mechanical product design method, according to the work product can not only ensure thereliability and safety of the product, the function, the weight, small volume, cost and other parameters areoptimized, technical and economic benefits have been markedly improved.4.Reliability Optimization Design of Mechanical ProductsThis puts forward the problem of reliability optimization design. Reliability optimization design mainlyconsiders the following questions: With optimum design, can according to different design requirements, choose different characteristicfunction as the objective function. Design variables. The overall size of the structure and size of components and mechanical properties,etc, are the most common design variables of mechanical components, is needed to optimize and finalindependent parameters optimized design process. In the determination of design parameters of therandomness and distribution parameters should be regarded as reflect the actual conditions of theparts. Constraint conditions. Constraint conditions can be restrictions not only on structural parameters, butalso on a function of parts, this need refer to the conventional optimal design, according to thespecific circumstances to determine.In the meeting reduce the requirement of reliability, or in the meeting of the total cost of cost, the valueof size, weight and other indicators, the maximum reliability. Therefore, the reliability design ofmechanical products can be divided into two types of the mathematical model of optimum reliabilitydesign. Reliability as the objective function. Reliability as a constraint condition5.The Design Features of Mechanical Parts5.1.Stress and Strength Are Random VariablesBecause the stress that parts can support and materials strength are not certain values but randomvariables with discreteness, distribution function is taken into account in mathematics. Its because loads,strength, dimension and operation have the characteristics of alternativeness and statistical property 2,and thus probability and statistics theories are needed to analyze and solve the problem.5.2.Quantitative Description of Products Failure Probability and Reliability Can Be DoneAs is known, the designed products have certain failure probability, which can not be above thepermissible value stated in the technical documents. However, the reliability design can provide productsfailure probability and reliability quantitively5.3.Various Reliability Indexes Can Be ChosenThe traditional design has only one evaluation index for reliability, namely, safety coefficient. Bycontrast, the reliability design provides various and appropriate indexes according to the specific conditionsfor different products, such as failure probability, reliability, nonfailure working time on average, firstfailuredriving miles(for vehicles), maintainability, availability and so on.5.4.The Effect of Environment Is Taken into ConsiderationOwing to the great influence on stress of the following surroundings factors such as temperature,impact, quake, moisture, mist, erosion, dust, and abrasion, reliability is considerably affected consequently.And thus taking environment into consideration can reflect parts actual operation better6.The Reliability Design Priciples of Mechanical ProductsCompared with electric products, mechanical products have their own characteristics and ways ofdesign and analysis. To sum up, the reliability design of mechanical products should stick to the principlesas follows 3, 4:6.1.Combination of Reliability Design and Traditional DesignThe traditional safety coefficient method which is intuitive, simple and easy to master and has a smallworkload can ensure the reliability of mechanical parts under most circumstances. But at present it is verydifficult to carry out traditional reliability design of mechanical products in special cases. For this reason, itseems reasonable and necessary to improve and perfect the traditional method with the help of probabilitydesign. Moreover, the reliability probability design aimed to crucial parts can be gradually performed6.2.Integration of Quality and Quantity DesignQuantity design refers to the quantity analysis and calculation of reliability, but it can not solve all theproblems concerned with reliability. Whats more, at some times, it is inappropriate and even impossiblefor reliability to expound quantitively. And thereby the reliability requires the integration of the quality andquantity. As for the parts which have the quality requirements and are difficult to make quantity calculation,it is more reasonable and effective to conduct quality design. Practice has proved that the quality designplays an important role in assuring and improving the reliability of mechanical products. And thus duringthe process of reliability design, quality and quantity design should be integrated.6.3. Paralleling of Mechanical Reliability and DurabilityIn a broad sense, the reliability of mechanical products includes reliability and durability. Therefore,mechanical reliability design accordingly comprises the two mentioned above. Specifically speaking,reliability design is specific to occasional faults, while durability is specific to gradual faults, and their faultmechanism are different.6.4.Paralleling of System and Parts ReliabilityGiven that mechanical parts are of lower standarization and universality degree and have complexfunctional status and structure, the designers have to make a comprehensive design of system and parts.The parts strength is basic guarantee of systematic reliability and parts are the most basic unit of the wholesystem. In this case, parts design should add reliability design to the traditional one. The aim of systematicreliability design is to achieve the coordination and optimization of technical performance, weight index,manufacturing cost and service life of the system, providing that the system has satisfied the establishedreliability index and realized predetermined functions.7.The Allication of Reliability Design in Mine HoistThe key to the reliability design in mine hoist is how to change equipments at present and parametersconcerned (for instance the parts dimension, strength and loading) into statistics through experimental dataand finally conclude its distribution. Furthermore, the reliability, dimension and life service can also becalculated one after one.The decelerator and spindle structure in the hoist are equipped with rolling bearing, whose life span hasa vital impact on the operation reliability of the hoist. Now that the cycle times of rolling bearing duringthe lease of life can reach up to and even exceed the cycle base of material fatigue limit (about 107). It iscommon to adopt limited life design in order to rationalize the whole structure, reduce its dimension andweight, and at last make the best of materials and improve the bearing capacity of parts. On the conditionthat cycles is106and reliability is 90%(namely, with the help of equal load of dynamic load rating C, therolling bearing can run 106runs, and in the meanwhile 90% of the bearing does not suffer from fatiguepitting failure 5 )the design and choice of bearing capacity is executed.On the basis of the previous analysis, the reliability design of rolling bearing in spindle structure is tobe made.The rolling bearing stands vice-varying stress. The failure in the course of operation results from theregular changes of the stress. Because of the long-term effect of the stress, the surface metals fall downfrom both rolling body and inner and outer raceways. Fatigue pitting comes into being and also leads tofatigue failure. It is proved that the life span of the original and device or equipments, of all whosefunctions have failed due to partial fatigue failure or f
- 温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。
川公网安备: 51019002004831号