2014-2015深圳市初中英语九年级级下Unit 6 Caring for your health教学课件 grammar.ppt

Unit 6 Grammar,Object clause,Warming up,What do you know about,Introudction to object clause,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个 成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。宾语从句通常 紧跟在及物动词后,充当宾语.(不是简单的词汇) 从句:由某一引导词引导,具有完整的主谓结构,但不能 独立使用.它只从属与主从复合句,在主从复合句 中充当什么成分就称之为什么从句.,Find out the subject and object,I still remember his face. I still remember what he looks like. I know this place well. I know that this place is famous for its pleasant weather. I hope to do well in my study. I hope that I can do well in my study.,Object-clause,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,2.由连接代词 who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句,3.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,A,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句 中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,1.I hear (that)_. （一小时后他会回来） 2.He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,B,object clauses with that after transitive verb,object clauses with that after predicative adjectives,Here are some adjectives that we can use in this way.,afraid glad sad excited angry certain proud sure unhappy sorry pleased surprised frightened,I am afraid (that) I cant attend your party. The teacher was angry (that )the class were noisy! Lucy was happy (that) she had passed the exam. We are sure (that) well win the game. He is surprised (that) he is invited to the ball.,P87 You went to see a doctor last week. Write about the visit using the adjectives from the box and the sentences below. Use a different adjective each time.,glad pleased sure surprised worried,I arrived at the hospital on time. There were a lot of people. The doctor might be too busy to see me.,I was glad that I arrived at the hospital on time.,I was surprised that there were a lot of people.,I was worried that the doctor might be too busy to see me.,P87 You went to see a doctor last week. Write about the visit using the adjectives from the box and the sentences below. Use a different adjective each time.,glad pleased sure surprised worried,4. The doctor was very patient. 5. I would get well soon.,I was pleased that the doctor was very patient.,I was sure that I would get well soon.,C,who could answer the question,whom theyre waiting for,whose handwriting is the best in the class.,object clauses with question words,C,which book is better?,when well have the meeting?,where he is?,how I can go to the station?,1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him _. （他是否能来） 3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,D,object clauses with if / whether,当句末为or not时， 引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,当与不定式连用时， 引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,当与介词连用时， 引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,They asked me whether to sit beside me.,Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.,Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.,注意,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,陈述句变为引导的宾语从句,1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”.,He said that I was younger than him.,He says that Tom is a good student.,1.确定连接词(根据从句句式),陈 述 句,that,一般疑问句,if (whether),特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词,祈使句,肯定句,to+动词原形,否定句,notto+ 动词原形,3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句) 3.确定从句的时态(根据主句的时态而定),直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,1.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时 或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用 所需要的任何一种时态。 2.当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语 从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当 宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然 用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.,注 意,key points,1.三姊妹宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型： 由that引导的宾语从句。如： We knew that we should learn from each other. 2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。如： Please tell me if/whether you have been to America. 3. 由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？,2.过三关,1. 引导词关 如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that （that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）； 如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether； 如果从句是特殊疑问句， 引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词(who,whom, which, whose, what, how, when, where,why),2. 语序关 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如： He is an honest boy. The teacher said. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard？I wonder. I wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left.,3. 时态关 如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如： I have heard（that）he will come back next week. 如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如： He said（that)he had been there . 注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.,4.从句的简化 1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如： She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。,She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths. 3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词不定式”结构。如： Can you tell me how I can get to the station？ Can you tell me how to get to the station？,5. 宾语从句的否定转移 当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, imagine 时，并且它的主语是第一人称时，如果从句的谓语动词表示否定意思，通常我们要将否定词转移到主句的谓语动词上，即通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句的谓语动词。这中语法现象就是宾语从句的否定转移。 I dont believe she will tell you about it. We dont think he is right. We dont believe that he did the job himself.,6. 宾语从句反意问句及应该的注意问题,通常反意问句部分的构成,常和主句的主谓 保持一致: We all know that they come from America, dont we? You saw that the fire had been put out, didnt you? He thinks that we missed the train , doesnt he ? 但是当主句部分的主谓是: “I think, I dont believe”时, 这时的反意问句部分,则要和从句的主谓保持一致: I believe you can win the game, cant you? I dont guess that their team will win, will it? I dont think she is from Canada, is she?,注意：两副面孔 if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如： If it rains tomorrow，I wont come.（时间状语从句） I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）,practice,P89 B1 Complete the object clauses with the words from the box.,how when whether why what where which who,Do you know fast food is bad for your health? I do not know the stadium is. Can you tell me I can improve my health? They are discussing kinds of exercise are best for our health.,why,where,how,which,P89 B1 Complete the object clauses with the words from the box.,how when whether why what where which who,5. You will not believe I met today! 6. He asked me I got up this morning. 7. I cannot decide drink I should have for lunch. 8. I am not sure I can do well in my exams next week.,who,when,what,whether,P89 B2 Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences.,I/ stress/ such/ know/ that/ is/ did not/ a big problem peer pressure/ asked/ He/ me/ how/ I/ dealt with my lifestyle/ He/ is not/ says/ healthy/ enough/ that,I did not know that stress is such a big problem.,He asked me how I dealt with peer pressure.,He says that my lifestyle is not healthy enough.,P89 B2 Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences.,4. wonders/ how/ He/ take care of/ I/ my body 5. have learnt/ that/ I / is/ stress/ a good medicine/ for/ laughter. 6. a healthy diet/ believes/ it is important/ that/ She/ to eat,He wonders how I take care of my body.,I have learnt that a good laughter is a good medicine.,She believes it is important to eat a healthy diet.,一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。 1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.,that,were,that,travels,3There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days. 4Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French. 5Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.,if,would,be,if,they,could,speak,whether,are,playing,6.How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture? 7Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car? 8What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.,how,many,people,you,can,see,where,she,parked,what,he,talked,二、选择填空 1. What did Mike say? He said _. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring 2. Tom asked my friend _. where was he