初中英语被动语态详解例题答案.doc

1、 Many people speak English.(主动） English is spoken by many people.(被）二. 被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词 注: 助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。其变化规则与 be作为连系动词时完全一样。 1.一般现在时中,be是am,is ,are的形式。 例句: I am taught to study English. We are taught to study English. 2.一般过去时中，be是was,were的形式。 例句: I /she was taught to study English. We were taught to study English 3.一般将来时中，be是will be 的形式。 例句: I /She/We will be taught to study English 4.现在完成时中被动语态的构成:have / has been +done 例句: The work has been finished. Why havent they been invented. 5.现在进行时态中被动语态的构成:be being +done 例句: New bridge is being built near our school. 6.含有情态动词的被动语态的构成: can/ may /must/should + be + done+（by s b） 例句：The dictionary must be taken good care of。 Can the work be done in two days。 三. 被动语态的用法： 1.不知道动作的发出者,或不必要说明动作的发出者。 例句：Silk is produced in Suzhou and Hangzhou。 2.对动作的承受者进行强调时,要用被动语态。 例句：Bicycles are widely used in China. 四. 主动语态转化为被动语态的三部曲: 1.主动结构宾语变为被动结构主语。 2.谓语动词变为被动语态。 3.主动结构主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。在动词执行者无须说明或强调时，by短语可以省略。 Look and find out the similarities (相同点): Football is played all over the world A camera is used for taking photos. A bank was robbed yesterday. A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year. The tree must be planted on the ground. The ground will be covered with trees in a few years time. The ground will be covered with trees in a few years time. They will be sent to the hospital right now. A talk will be given soon. The earth is being dug now. The food has been eaten up already. 4. 注意保持时态和人称的一致。 双宾的谓语动词有两种改法。当把直接宾语改成主语时，谓语动词后必须加适当的介词: to 、for. His mother gave him a present for his birthdayHe was given a present by his mother for his birthday. A present was given to him by his mother for his birthday.在使役动词have, make, let以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等变为被动结构时，要加to .Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.=A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 五. 不用被动语态的情况： 1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意：happen, occur ,take place The story was happened in 1934. ( ) 2）表状态的动词不用被动语态；have, lack, fit I have a new bike. 3）连系动词不用被动语态； The story is sounded true. ( ） 4）有些短语不用被动语态 do ones best, make a face, make room(腾位子） make up ones mind belong to 5.特殊情况 （考试重点 ） 1）感官动词 ( taste ; feel ; smell ; sound ; look ) 用主动形式表示被动。 How sweet the music sounds ! Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth . 2） write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、drink、wash、open/shut常用主动形式表被动意义。尤其是有副词 well, easily时。 The book sells well . 这本书销路很好。 The door will not open . ( 这扇门就是打不开。 ) This dress washes better . The sign reads as follows . ( 这牌子告示如下。 ) 3）在 “主 be 形容词不定式”的结构中，主语是不定式动词动作的承受者。 e.g. He is easy to get along with. The sentence is difficult to understand. The question is easy to answer. 4). be to blame e.g. He is to blame for the broken window. 5）need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth等后用动名词表被动。 The desk needs repairing. The novel is worth seeing. 注意：need后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。但若有附加成分有用动词不定式的被动形式。比较： The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to be repaired this afternoon. 注意动名词的被动形式，（being done) Nobody likes being laughed at. 没人喜欢被嘲笑。 ( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used2 、( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published3、( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt4、( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do5、( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held( ) 2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am6、( ) 1 The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mendedC. can be mend D. can be mended7、( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8、( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9、( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well10、( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into11、( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 3 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to12、( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 3 She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 3 These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. washad B. was held C. held D. had15( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place( ) 2 You cant use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down( ) 3 Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened( ) 4 The watch has often _ down.A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell16( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( ) 2 The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing( ) 3 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close17( ) 1 Can he_ himself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of( ) 2 He fell