阅读主旨大意题目指导.doc

阅读理解专项指导（三）（零班专刊） （主旨大意题目） ACompassion is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate compassion into actions. An experience last weekend showed me this is true. I work part-time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly. These old people are our main customers, and its not hard to lose patience over their slowness. But last Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson. This untidy man walked up to my register（收款机）with a box of biscuits. He said he was out of cash（现金）, had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day. I couldnt help staring at him. I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if luck had gone his way. I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world. I told him that I was sorry, and store rules didnt allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job. Just then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up. If anything he looked more pitiable. “Charge it to me.” was all he said. What I had been feeling was pity. Pity is soft and safe and easy. Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action. I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either. Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself. I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.1. The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits _.A. promised to obey the store rulesB. forgot to take any money with himC. hoped to have the food first and pay laterD. could not afford anything more expensive2. Which of the following best describes the old gentleman?A. kind and lucky B. poor and lonelyC. friendly and helpful D. hurt and disappointed3. The writer acted upon the store rules because _.A. he wanted to keep his present jobB. he felt no pity for the old gentlemanC. he considered the old man dishonestD. he expected someone else to pay for the old man4. What does the writer learn from his experience?A. Wealth is more important than anything else.B. Helping others is easier said than done.C. Experience is better gained through practice. D. Obeying the rules means more than compassion. BSports shoes that work out whether their owner has done enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the UK.The shoes- named Square Eyes- contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the days efforts.The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University in London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.”Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV time.Existing pedometers(计步器) normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.”5. According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to _.A. keep a record of the steps of the wearer.B. deal with overweight among teenagers.C. enable children to resist the temptation of TV.D. prevent children from being tricked by TV programs.6. Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes?A. They regulate a childs evening TV viewing time.B. They determine a childs daily pocket money.C. They have raised the hot issue of overweight.D. They contain information of the receiver.7. What is stressed by health experts in their suggestion?A. The exact number of steps to be taken.B. The precise number of hours spent on TV.C. The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time.D. The way of changing steps into TV watching time.8. Compared with other similar products, the new design _.A. make it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat.B. counts the wearers steps through shaking.C. records the sudden movement of the wearer.D. sends teenagers health data to the receiver.9. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Smart Shoes Decide on Television TimeB. Smart Shoes Guarantee More ExerciseC. Smart Shoes Measure Time of ExerciseD. Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight CPITTSBURGH For most people, snakes seem unpleasant or even threatening. But Howie Choset sees in their delicate movements a way to save lives.The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass. based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universities, but didnt know of one that could climb pipes.The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick(操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles.“It just allows us to do something weve not been able to do before,” Stover said, “We needed them yesterday. ”He said soiffer dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.10. Which institution is responsible for the development of Chosets robots?A. Robotics Trends. B. Pittsburgh City Council.C. Carnegie Mellon University. D. Federal Emergency Management Agency.11. Choset believes that his invention _.A. can be attached to an electronic armB. can be used by hobbyists in model airplanesC. can find victims more quickly than a soiffer dogD. can sense its way no better than its operators12. By saying “We needed them yesterday” (paragraph 7), Stover means that snake-like robots_.A. could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane KatrinaB. would have been put to use in past rescue workC. helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterdayD. were in greater need yesterday than today13. What is the text mainly about?A. Snake-like robots used in industries.B. Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues.C. The development of snake-like robots.D. The working principles of snake-like robots.DThinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in waterTo be human is to thinkBut thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do itThinking about drinking is the key to critical（判断性的）thinkingWhen you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes（过程）Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of othersIndeed, critical thinking is at the heart of educationThe word “critical” here has a special meaningIt does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrongThe nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen-beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoningCritical thinking is an attitude as much as an activityIf you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinkerIf you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinkerActivities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful considerationThey take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in todays world: fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing filmIf you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence（智力）, you may learn something new from a story about Albert EinsteinThe first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert EinsteinHoffman was too nervous to speakBut Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, “Please go slowlyI dont understand things quickly”14Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically, _Ait will be hard for us to think naturally and fastBwe might be controlled by other peoples ideasCwe will follow the ideas of others naturally Dwe might be footed by other peoples ideas15If you are a critical thinker, you will _Athink deeply about different ideas Btrust the reports in the newspapersCtake one view against another view Dcriticize other people for their mistakes16In the last paragraph, “something new” suggests that _Athe smarter you are, the faster you do things Bthe faster you do things, the smarter you becomeCspeed can improve intelligence Dintelligence is not decided by speed17What would be the best title for the passage?AThinking and Critical Thinking BUnderstanding Critical ThinkingCThinking Is Natural and Human DThinking Fast Means IntelligenceEAs a professor at a large American university, there is a phrase that I hear often from students: Im only a 1050. The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT), which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice, or even have a chance to get a higher education at all. The SAT score, whether it is 800, 1,100 or 1550, has becomes the focus at this time of their life. It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores, then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number. Students who perform poorly on the exam are left feeling that it is all over. The low test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college. And without a degree from a prestigious university, they fear that many of lifes doors will remain forever closed. According to a study done in the 1990s, the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a students future per