中考语法复习冠词介词形容词副词讲解练习答案.doc

中考语法复习二冠词、介词 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。I. 不定冠词的用法：1指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were outThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.6用于固定词组中A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.II. 定冠词的用法：1表示某一类人或物The horse is a useful animal.2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4用于乐器前面play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”the Greens, the Wangs7用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990s11用于表示单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前He patted me on the shoulder.III. 零冠词的用法：1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.5学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前He likes playing football/chess.6与by连用表示交通工具的名词前by train, by air, by land7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.课后习题1._recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_ year 2090. A. A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, a2.If you go by _train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure you get _fast one. A. /, / B./, a C. the, a D./,/ 3. It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life. A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a 4.I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city ,I only remember it was _ Monday.。A. the , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a5.If you grow up in _large family ,youare more likely to develop _ability to get on well with _others .A. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,the 6.Mrs ,Taylor has _8-year-old daughter who has _gift for painting she has won two national prizes.A. a, a B. an ,the C. an ,a D. th7.Afetr dinner he gave Mr. Richardson _ride to _Capital Airport. A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the 8.On May 5,2005,at _World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHao won the gold medal in mens with _score of 4:1. A. a ,a B. / the C. a ,/ D. the ,a 9.I knew _John Lennon ,but not _famous one. A. /,a B. a ,the C. /,the D. the, a 10.The book tells_life story of John Smith ,who left _school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. A. the, the B. a , the C. the./ D. a,/ 11.When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _hotel ; I can find you _bed in my flat.A. the ,a B. the,/ C. a ,the D. a,/12.If you buy more than ten, they will knock20pence off_. A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices 13._on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country.A. The ,/ B. The ,a C. An ,the D. An,/14.When he left _college ,he got a job as _reporter in a newspaper office . A. /, a B /, the C .a the D .the, the15The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution. A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,the16.While he was investigating ways t improve the telescope Newton made _discovery which completely changed _ mans understanding of color. A. a ,/ B. a ,the C. /, the D. the ,a17.It is _world of wonders, _world where anything can happen. A. a. the B. a, a C. the, a D. /,/18.The Wilsons live in _A-shaped house near the coast . It is _17th century cottage. A. the, / B. an, the C. /, the D. an ,a19.Tom owns _larger collection of _books than any other student in our class. A. the ,/ B. a,/ C. a ,the D. /, the20.For a long time they walked without saying _word .Jim was the first t break _silence. A. the, a B. a ,the C. a ,/ D. the,/21.There was _time _I hated t go to school. A. a ,that B. a ,when C. the ,that D. the ,when 22.When you finish reading the book ,you will have _better understanding of _life., A. a, the B. the .a C. /,the D.a,/23.I earn 10dollars _hours as _supermarket cashier on Saturday. A. a, an B. the ,a C. an ,a D . an ,the24The sign reads “in ease of_fire ,break the glass and push _red button” A. /,a B. /,the C. the ,the D. a ,a 25.I dont like talking on _telephone ; I prefer writing _letter. A. a, the B. the./ C. the ,the D. A ,/26.Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _exciting experience. A. /, the B. /, an C. an. an D. the, the 27.One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _good knowledge of basic word formation. A. / B the C. a D. one28.The cakes are delicious . Hed like have _third one because _second one is rather too small. A. a, a B. the .the C. a ,the D. the ,a 29.A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _leg. A. a B .one C. the D. his30.The warmth of _sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _wool used. A. the, the B. the ,/ C. /, the D. /,/介词I. 介词分类：1简单介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on2合成介词inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without3短语介词according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to4双重介词from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 5分词转化成的介词considering(就而论), including6形容词转化成的介词like, unlike, near, next, oppositeII. 常用介词区别：1表示时间的in, on, atat表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关2表示时间的since, fromsince 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始3表示时间的in, afterin指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中4表示地理位置的in, on, toin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外5表示“在上”的on, inon只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分6表示“穿过”的through, acrossthrough表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关7表示“关于”的about, onabout指涉及到，on指专门论述8between与among的区别between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间9besides与except的区别besides指“除了还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首10表示“用”的in, withwith表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音11as与like的区别as意为“作为，以地位或身份”，like为“象一样”，指情形相似12in与into区别in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置初三英语强化精选试题介词练习1.Couldyoutellmesomething_UFOs?Iamreallyinterestedinit. A.ofB.withC.aboutD.at2.Ihopeyouwillbehereathalf_eighttomorrowmorning. A.inB.atC.toD.past3.Fangfangsfatheris_fortyyearsold. A.aboutB.forC.toD.by4.Dontworry_yourmaths.Iwillhelpyou_it.A.with.aboutB.about.onC.about.withD.on.about5.Theylivedinaflat_theshop. A.aboutB.onC.toD.above6.Howcanyougo_thestreetwhenthetrafficisheavy?A.acrossB.crossC.aroundD.past7.Howlongwouldittaketoswim_theriver? A.byB.acrossC.overD.through8.Therivergoes_thecityfromwesttoeast. A.throughB.overC.intoD.throughout9.Dongdongsfatherwassotired_adaysworkthathewenttobedearly. A.afterB.beforeC.inD.out10.Whatstime_yourwatch,please? A.onB.inC.byD.with11.HeleftLuxunParkandwalked_Sichuanroad. A.alongB.afterC.forD.to12.Mybrotheristall_Iamshort. A.whileB.whenC.asD.for13.WhereisTom?Youcanfindhim_theboysoverthere. A.byB.betweenC.amongD.into14.Thesmalltownlies_thethreemountains. A.amongB.insideC.intoD.between15.Thereisasmallhouse_thetrees. A.inB.throughC.amongD.around16.Theheadmastershowedtheforeignfriends_theschool. A.alongB.toC.aroundD.over17.Therearealotoftreesandflowers_ourschoolbuilding. A.amongB.aboveC.aroundD.with18.Asweallknow,theearthmoves_thesun. A.aroundB.overC.intoD.for19.Iwillwork_adoctorintwomonths. A.asB.forC.atD.to20.Mybirthdayiscoming.Myunclegavemeanewwatch_apresentyesterday.A.withB.likeC.asD.for21.Wewereverysurprised_thenews. A.intoB.forC.outofD.at22.YouhavelostthekeyofTonysbike,youdbetterapologize_him. A.forB.inC.toD.at23.Itssocoldoutside.Youdbetterstay_home. A.inB.onC.orD.at24.Whyareyou_suchahurry?Imustmeetmyaunt_thestation. A.at.atB.in.atC.with.atD.in.in25.Hisroomis_thetwelfthfloor.Letsgoup_lift. A.on.inB.by.onC.on.byD.on.on26.TomysurpriseIsawmanypeopledancing_thetree. A.inB.pastC.overD.round27._theirstayinBeijing,theyvisitedmanybeautifulplaces.A.AtB.DuringC.InD.For28.Thegirlwouldliketohaveatalk_hermotheraboutherfuture. A.forB.withC.atD.in29.Wehavenotseenhim_Sunday. A.toB.sinceC.pastD.until30.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinShanghai_1992. A.sinceB.afterC.duringD.until31.Ourschoolis_thishighrise.Youcantseeitfromhere.A.ofB.withC.behindD.at32.Comeandsit_me.Thefilmwillbeginatonce. A.besideB.betweenC.onD.at33.Donttalk_yourfather.Heisdoingsomeimportantwork. A.aboutB.forC.fromD.to34.According_thedoctor,sugarisbadforme. A.onB.atC.toD.of35.Whatdoyouthinkofthegroupsinging_Classthree? A.inB.byC.atD.on36.Thebankopenseveryday_Sunday. A.duringB.onC.exceptD.from37.Itsgoodforustogoout_awalkaftersupper. A.forB.ofC.withD.to38.Iwassick,soIhavetoask_leave. A.ofB.inC.forD.to39.Haveyougotanytickets_nextSundaysshow? A.forB.onC.inD.of40.Yesterdaywekeptworking_thenight,soweareverytirednow. A.duringB.forC.overD.throughout41.Mymotherisnotathome.Shewillbeback_2hours. A.beforeB.forC.inD.after42.Mathsisveryimportant_manyways.A.atB.inC.forD.on43.Xiaomingwonthefirstprizeinamathscontest,soonthenewswasknown_theschool.A.inB.pastC.overD.throughout44.ShelookslikeChinese,but_factsheisJapanese. A.inB.atC.onD.for45.Watercanturn_icewhenthetemperatureisbelowzero. A.inB.intoC.byD.until46.Heclimbedthetree_acat. A.afterB.asC.overD.like47._allthesports,Ilikeswimmingbest.A.AtB.InC.OfD.For48.Weareveryproud_ournewprogress. A.withB.fromC.ofD.at49.DidyouseeMary?Isawherwalk_thelibraryjustnow. A.inB.intoC.byD.until50.Theglassfell_thetableandbroke. A.ofB.offC.underD.beside51.Wewillhaveacheck-up_oureyesightnextMonday. A.onB.inC.forD.at52.Whenthelittleboysawaball,hewassohappythatheran_it. A.upB.atC.towardsD.into53.Tomcameintothemeetingroomandsatdown_myright. A.toB.onC.inD.at54.SheoftenlearnsEnglish_theTV. A.onB.inC.atD.from55.Ilikemytea_milkandsugarinit. A.withB.inC.insideD.of56.Chineseisspokenbymanypeople_China. A.outB.offC.outsideD.into57.WeallwanttoseeYangpuBridge_ourowneyes. A.onB.inC.forD.with58.Themanwasholdinganumbrella_hishead. A.overB.aboveC.atD.on59.Itsveryhot.Thetemperatureis_35already. A.overB.onC.pastD.after60.Iknownothingaboutit_Janetoldme.A.sinceB.withC.atD.until中考语法复习三 形容词和副词I. 形容词：1. 形容词的位置：1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：1修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possible2以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake4和空间、时间、单位连用时a bridge 50 meters long5成对的形容词可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容词短语一般后置a man difficult to get on with2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短形状新旧温度颜色国籍产地材料质地名词allbothsuchtheathisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone3) 复合形容词的构成：1形容词+名词+edkind-hearted6名词+形容词world-famous2形容词+形容词dark-blue7名词+现在分词peace-loving3形容词+现在分词ordinary-looking8名词+过去分词snow-covered4副词+现在分词hard-working9数词+名词+edthree-egged5副词+过去分词newly-built10数词+名词twenty-yearII. 副词副词的分类：1时间副词soon, now, early, finally, once, recently5频度副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never2地点副词here, nearby, outside, upwards, above6疑问副词how, where, when, why3方式副词hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really7连接副词how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile4程度副词almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather8关系副词when, where, whyIII. 形容词和副词比较等级：形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。1. 同级比较时常常用 asas以及not so(as)as如：I am not so good a player as you are.2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the morethe more”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours. 6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。7、英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分，其规则如下：构词法 原 级 比较级 最高级 加er，或est Tallyoung tall 只加r或st nice large 重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写该字母加er、est big fat hot big 不规则变化的形容词或副词： 原 级-比较级-最高级 good /Well bad/ badly many /much little far old 要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词，如：back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词，其规律如下：构词法 形容词 副 词 一般加ly Careful kind 尾是y时将y变成i加lyhappy busy easy 其 他true terrible full possible shy whole 在学习过程中要注意其变化。此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有：much, yet, far, still, a great deal, even 和a little. 能修饰最高级的有：the very, much the, far等。(2)中考练习1 I think Chinese is than maths. interesting B more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 2 - What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing?- Singing. of course. Shes known to it.A. be good at B. be good for C. be bad at D. be bad for 3 The Huang He River is one of in China.A. The long river B. the longest riverC. the longest rivers D. the longer river 4 The girl was afraid she threw her bag away. A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to 5 It was yesterday than today. A. hot B. hoter C. hotter D. the hottest 6 Which subject do you like , English Chinese or maths? A. best B. well C. better D. good 7 None of the students watched it A. careful enough B. enough carefully C. carefully enough D. enough careful 8 she eats, shell be.A. Morefat B. The morefatterC. Morethe fatter D. The morethe fatter 9 I dont think English is Chinese.A. as important as B. not important asC. not so important D. important as 10 Miss Gao is a good English teacher. The students in her class English.A. are interested in B. are interesting inC. are interested at D.