全国英语等级考试三级句型学习资料汇总.doc

全国英语等级考试三级句型学习资料汇总第一部份：Dialogues /monologues:1、You can tell they lived during the Depression.这个句子中tell是断定的意思，常常把它的意思与(告知、告诉)联系在一起，脑子便转不过弯来。翻译为： 你可以断定他们生活在那时的大萧条期。2、He reallv knows how to bring a person out.bring a person out.是“鼓励一个人的”的意思。翻译为：他非常善于鼓励别人/使别人振作起来。例：to bring sb.out意思为：to make someone feel more comfident,happy, and friendly /使某人更加自信、开朗3、he looks like his fun to be with.翻译为：他看起来是个很有意思的人。或，和他在一起应该会很有意思。4、since were going to recruit some staff so that wecan get our new school going in time。这里的since, 和so that 是基于.原因的意思.根据意思我将其译成: 届时.将.以便.翻译为：届时我们将聘请一些工作人员以便使我们的新学校及时开学.5、Would you address character description for thecommercial and industrial arts staff?翻译为：你能够给商业与工艺美术的职员讲讲特征描述吗?arts 跟前面的commercial and indutrial 连在一起看，而非与后面的staff:(the commercial and industrial arts)staff.6、There are a number of other positions to consider.A number of 换成a lot of 或者是”a great many”行不行，为什么?可以换成a lot of 或a great many of,因为position 是可数名词。如果这里是不可数名词，则只能用anumber of 代替而不能用a great many.修饰可数/不可数都行：a number of/a lot of,只能修饰可数：a greatmany of(与many 性质一样)7、Would you mind letting me take a look in yourbriefcase?将letting me换成let me 行不行，为什么?不行，mind 是动词，后面不能直接跟动词原形，一般接名词(或动名词),这里的letting 是let 的动名词形式。8、Im afraid I certainly do mind, if its all the sameto you.“Do mind”与” all the same”什么意思?do mind: 在英语中强调动词，用助动词do(各种时态)+动词原形。all the same: 完全一样，用于强调。如：Although you didnt complete it in time, Iappreciate you all the same.尽管你没有及时完成，我还是一样很感激你。9、One day the life free from the harsh decrees ofstate-sponsored racial repression. (种族压迫)在这句话中，state-sponsored 翻译成什么意思最好?state-sponsored:国家发起的。用于修饰racialrepression(种族压迫),是复合形容词，复合形容词的相结合。10、The state in which she was born had laws in placewaiting to characterize her as unwelcome.翻译为：在她出生的洲有专门针对象她那一类人并将他们列为不受欢迎人士的法律。11、Present was the usual mix that had so oftenaccumulated into a burden too heavy for asingle-parent household like the one Oprah Winfreygrew up in.翻译为：目前，这种平常的税收会不断地压迫在家庭的身上,就象Winfrey 这样的例子.12、One day the life free from the harsh decrees ofstate-sponsored racial repression.整句话的意思是：有一天，生活可以从洲政府怂恿的残酷种族压迫中解放。练习:The circumstances surrounding the birth of a femaleinfant in Kosciusko, Mississippi, on Jan.29, 1954,werenot promising present was the usual mix that had sooften accumulated into a burden too heavy for asingle-parent household like the one Oprah Winfreygrew up in. The state in which she was born had lawsin place waiting to characterize her as unwelcome, tobar her participation in otherwise accebtable socialactivities, to shackle her to the residue of slavery andother injustices of the past. The simple truth is that hergrandmother, her great-grandmother and all thegreat-great-grandmothers before them neverexperienced one day of life free from the harshdecrees of state-sponsored racial repression.In hindsight, it appears that her birth was anuneventful one. But at age three she was recitingspeeches from church pulpits. Upon discoveringbooks, the child delved into the written word, turningout weekly book reports for her father. Even duringturbulent times, not a moment was wasted. Seedswere being planted, watered, and nurtured. On April13, 1964, nearly an adolescent and watchingtelevision from the linoleum floor of her motherswalk-up flat in something deep inside of her. She waswatching the live broadcast of the Academy Awardsceremony and saw a young African-American actorreceiving the film industrys highest honor. Sharing inthat moment and all it implied she later told me,caused her to say softly to herself, “If he can do that,I wonder what I could do?”The ground had been set. The journey of OprahWinfrey had begun. The babe, the child, theadolescent, the young woman-all their strengthswere harnessed into a force of astonishing power thatplaced itself in the service of nature and the humanfamily. That the world has changed in meaningfulways since 1954 is beyond question. Oprah and heractivities were driving forces in many of thosechanges. Her enormously influential talk show, herphilanthropic work with children in africa andelsewhere, her popular book club and magazine, herempowering spiritual message, her contribution (byaction and example) to improving race relations-allspeak to the human family, touching hearts andleaving each one uplifted.Mississippi too seems to be mellowing out into amore congenial place than it was in 1954. that mayalso be partly due to the very sbecial enerav that isOprah Winfrey-a courageous, funny, compassionate,well-informed, dazzlingly curious person, asdown-to-earth and loving as any human being Iveever known.参考译文:故事的详情围绕在1954 年六月29 日出生于密西西比，科修斯科山的一个女婴。那时，对于像OprahWinfrey (奥普来.温弗里)这样日常开销负担特别繁重的单亲家庭来说，她的出身并不是那么让人期待。她所在的国家，已经有适当的法律等候着将她列为不受欢迎的对象，阻击她参加其它合理的社交活动，让她背负上了奴隶制度剩余产物的枷锁，还有以往其它一些不公平的待遇。简单的事实就是她的祖母、曾祖母以及更早的一代之前，在政府纵恿的种族镇压法令下，从未经历过一天生命的自由。之后的迹象表明，她的出生似乎平淡无奇。但是，在她三年的时候，便开始在教堂的讲道坛背诵演说，在发现了书籍的之后，她便钻研上面写过的句子，每周向她的父亲作一次书籍汇报。即使在那个动荡不安的年代，也从不浪费一刻功夫。种子正在播种灌溉。在1964 年4 月13 日，她已成长为一个青少年，在她母亲那间无电梯的公寓的油布地毯上，电视里的一些东西深深地触动了她。那时她正在看奥斯卡奖项的现场直播，一位年青的美国黑人演员被授予了电影行业中的最高荣誉。在分享那个神圣的时刻之后，她告诉了我所有这一切都在暗暗地促使她轻声地告诉自己“他能做到，难道我就做不到吗?”路已经被铺平了，Oprah Winfrey 开始了她的旅程。从婴儿到小孩、到青少年、再到年轻女士万事俱备，使得她在服务于自然界与人类家庭上迸发出一种惊人的能力。从1954 年起，毫无疑问，世界已经以一种积极的方式发生着改变。Oprah 和她的脱口秀是其中的很多改变动力。她影响深远的脱口秀、对非洲乃至其它地方的小孩博爱举动、广受欢迎的书籍杂志俱乐部、激动人心的演说辞、以身作则为改善种族关系所作的贡献。这一切都讲给人类家庭，触动了他们的内心，每个人都深受鼓舞。密西西比也受到了潮流的影响，比1954 年看起来适意得多。其中的部分也许同样归功于Oprah Winfrey的非常独特的精神力量一个勇敢、有趣、富有同情心、见识广博、闪耀着知识光芒的人，是我所知的人中最脚踏实地、让人钟爱的一个。第二部份：Phrases and Sentence:1、I dont ever want to have the effect on a personthat this person had on me, where i was just blownaway by disappointment. It took a few years to getover it.这个句子中重点解析的是“ever”的意思。翻译为：我甚至从未想过要给“给我留下印象的人”留下印象，在这一点上我感到十分失望。我用了许多年才克服这个毛病。ever,在否定句中起加强语气的作用，not ever 从未。2、One thing I do is work with Make-A-wish. If an illchilds one wish to see a celebrity and he picks me,then I make time to see him. But I have to be verycareful with these kids, because if you get tooattached, youre just setting yourself up for loss.这个句子中重点解析的是” because if you get tooattached, youre just setting yourself up for loss.”的意思。翻译为：我做的一件事就是带着许愿做事。如果一个病了的孩子的愿望是想看一个名瓦并且他选择的是我，然后我抽出时间去看望他。但是我必须非常小心的跟这些孩子相处，因为如果你太依恋，你会感到不舍。because if you get too attached, youre just settingyourself up for loss.因为如果你太依恋，你会感到不舍。其中attch 是：使喜爱，使依恋：因情感因素，如爱戴或忠诚使联结。set oneself up for loss 是引起自己处于受损失或失去的状态。3、Thank you for giving me the inspiration to stickaround, at age 50, you have to feel yourecontributing to something.这个句子中重点解析的是“ you have to feel yourecontributing to something.”翻译为：谢谢你给我关于等待的启示，在50 岁时，你必须感到你正在做贡献。you have to fell youre contributing to something这句话的意思就是：在50 岁时，你必须感到你正在对某些事情做贡献。4、We stayed at the Ritz-Carlton and just had a blast.Or Ill give everybody a ride in the Ultra light-its aflying kite.这个句子中重点解析的是“ride”在这里怎么翻译。翻译为：我们待在Ritz-Carlton 并开了个狂欢会。否则我会给每个人乘坐一下“超轻型”-一个飞行的风筝。ride 就是乘坐。5、“One day Ill have my own barbecue.” In otherwords, every generation gets to improve on thedreams of the last generation.翻译为：“有朝一日，我将拥有自己的烤肉(比喻:实现自己的梦想)。换句话说，每代人必须在他上代人的梦想上有所提高。6、But it came with a price because when he wasdrinking, we had jobs and money. When he quit, wetraded alcoholism for being dirt-poor.这个句子中重点解析的是“we traded alcoholism forbeing dirt-poor.”这句话的真正含义。翻译为：但是这有一定的代价：因为当他饮酒的时候，我们有工作和工钱。当他戒酒了，我们就只有借酒消愁穷困潦倒了。we traded alcoholism for being dirt-poor：其中的trade sth. for sth.以.和.交易,以酗酒和穷困潦倒交易。7、It got so bad that he either quit or got fired.这个句子中重点解析的是“sothat”在此句中的意义。翻译为：一般so.that 是如此.以至于.的意思，这里上下句不是因果关系: 变得糟糕的是，他既没有辞职也没有被解雇。后半句that he either quit or got fired是so bad 的补充状语从句，补充说明so bad 的细节，不要太拘泥语法结构，更应该注重的是：1.英语语序特征，2.英语国家的人的逻辑思维特征。8、He was a tool pusher essentially, sold drill bits tooil-drilling companies.翻译为：他其实是一个工具推销者，卖钻头给开采石油的公司。9、I never think that I m doing eight-minute cureson television. But I think that 50 percent of thesolution to any problem lies in defining it first. I canbe an emotional compass that points them down thepath.这个句子中重点解析的是“cures”与“lies in”的意思，另外“pointdown”是词组吗?翻译为：我从未想过我在用电视做一个8 分钟的治疗。但是我认为任何问题50%的解决方法在于先界定它。我可能是沿着路径指向它们的情感罗盘(指南针)。cure：名词，治疗。point 和后面的down 可以认为没有关系，这里不是词组，down 这里的意思是“沿着”，相当于along。down the path 是介宾结构词组，在句中作points them 的补充状语。建议：不要从语法分析着手来学习英语，因为这样效果很差。最好是提高阅读量，让一切语法变为理所当然的事情，让记忆单词成为阅读时的副产品。练习：If a computer were to design the perfect U.N.Secretary-General, he or she would look sonethinglike this: African born; European and Americaneducated, with decades of service in the U.N. system;married to a European; and possessing a quietcharisma and calm authority as chaos arises.That the U.N. in 1996 found such a person to restoreits sense of direction and purpose was a near miracle.But out of the U.N.s failures in Bosnia, Somalia andRwanda came Kopi Annan, the career internationalcivil servant who had participated in these disastersyet somehow survived and learned from them.Today Annan is in the middle of his second term. Histask is not finished, and the U.N. is still far from whatit should be. But Annan has tested the limits of the job,accumulating more authority-one cannot use theword power, given the constraints the U.N. systemplaces on him-than any of his predecessors.His complex relationship with the U.S. government islittle understood. When Annan takes positions inpublic that are displeasing to the bush administration,it unleashes its attack dogs. Yet when administrationofficials found their policies in Iraq floundering, theyasked the U.N. for help. Some observers told Annanthat he should responsibility was to the cause ofstabilizing Iraq. He began to work toward the decisivedate of June 30, when the u.s. will hand over controlto Iraqi authorities and an uncertain situation willprevail determined by factors way beyond his, oranyone elses, ability to control. But it is Annansdestiny to be handed the very worst problems afterthey have been unsuccessfully addressed by others.Anyone who knows him knows he wades into suchproblems with his usual blend of courage,self-control, modesty and optimism.参考译文：如果让电脑来设计一个完美的联合国秘书长，他/她应该是这样的：出生在非洲;在欧洲和美国接受教育;在联合国工作十年以上;配偶是欧洲人;出现混乱局面时能保持冷静、富有领导魅力的权威人士。1996 年联合国找到了这样一个人来恢复它的方向感和目的性，这简直就是个奇迹。联合国在波斯尼亚、索马里和卢旺达的行动失败后，科菲.安南却脱颖而出。身为国际公务员的他对参与了这一系列的空难性行动，幸存下来，并且从中学到很多东西。现在，安南的第二任期已过一半。然而，他的任务还没有圆满完成，联合国离其理想状态还很远。但安南已经体验到了他这份工作的局限性因为联合国体制对他的限制，他不能利用言语力量，然而他却比他的前任们积累了更多的权威性。他与美国政府的复杂关系鲜为人知，当安南在公众面前的表现不能取悦布什政府的时候，美国就会攻击他。反过来，当美国政府官员发现他们的政策在伊拉克举步维艰的时候，他们却向联合国寻求帮助。有些观察家建议安南不要帮助美国摆脱困境，但是安南明白，自己最大责任是促成伊拉克局势的稳定。他开始朝6月30 号这个决定性的日子努力，美国将会在这天向伊拉克政府移交政权，这将千万动荡局面。不管是安南瓦还是其他任何人，在伊拉克问题上的成功与否都不会取决于他个人的控制能力。但是，安南注定要处理这些棘手的问题，而这些问题是由别人的失败造成的。所有熟悉安南的人都知道他将带着他一贯的勇气、自我控制能力、谦恭和乐观来介入这一难题。第三部份：Phrases and Sentence:1、She soon called my attention to the fact that shecouldnt work full time and keep house, too.注意的词语：call attention to(唤起注意)、keephouse(当家)2、I guess I just took it for granted that a wife wassupposed to take care of her kids and husband.注意的词语：take it for granted：(视为当然)、besupposed to：(应该、被期望)3、Youve got to get to know them.注意的词语：have got to do：(必须做)、get to：(在这里作“开始”的意思)4、But maybe Id better take that back and give hera hand.注意的词语：take bake：(在这里作“取消”的意思)、give Sb. A hand(抽出空或腾出手帮助某人)5、They put me in mood for Italian food.注意的词语：put in mind：(使记起、提醒)6、Ive put aside some money that I earned by doingsome extra mechanical work.注意的词语：put aside：(储存、备用)7、I was putting a machine together today.注意的词语：put together：(把加起来、装配)8、I am putting forth a lot of effect to make thistablecloth.注意的词语：put forth：(生出、作出)9、Do you want me to put my needlework away?注意的词语：put away：(在这里作“放弃、处理掉”的意思)此要注意一下五个以“put”打头的短语与词组的用法10、I was going by the store near your house .注意的词语：go by：(顺便走访)11、Your black purse and shoes go nicely with thatdress.注意的词语：go with：(伴随、与相配)12、He always goes beyond my expectations.注意的词语：go beyond：(超出)13、The kids cant go along with you.注意的词语：go along with：(一起去、附和)14、Your offer goes to prove that youre a wonderfulmother-in-law.注意的词语：offer：(在这里作为“提意”的意思)、goto：(愿意为定位、转到的意思，在这里引申为?)15、You know I get sick every single time thetemperature goes below 68.注意的词语：go below：(下降)此要注意一下五个以“go”打头的短语与词组的用法16、I could really go for a good comedy.注意的词语：go for：(在这里作为“主张”的意思)17、we can barely make ends meet.注意的词语：ends meet：指收支平衡18、Every thing I say goes in one ear and out the other.注意的词语：goes in one ear and out the other.：(一个耳朵进，一个耳朵出。指听不进去的意思)19、Ive been keeping track of our phone bills.注意的词语：keep track of：(明了、一目了然的意思)20、Ill have to call them and have them straighten itout.注意的词语：straighten out：(改正、更正)练习:On the day the World Trade Center fell, the Empirestate Building once again became the tallest buildingin New York City. In the months that followed, six ofits commercial tenants ran off. They did not want tobe in the tallest anything, anywhere, anymore. At atime when U.S. Vice president Dick Cheney was stillbeing shuttled around to undisclosed locations,skyscrapers suddenly seemed like the most disclosedlocations. For a while, it looked as though the tallbuilding, at least in the U.S., might be one morecasualty of war.Three years later, despite fears of terrorist attacks, bigis beautiful again. On July 4, New York City MayorMichael Bloomberg presided at the World TradeCenter site. New skyscraper projects are under wayonce more elsewhere in the city and around the U.S.Meanwhile, outside the states, where the taste for tallbuildings never really faded, the skyscraper has alsobeen poking its head up in very different ways, andnot just for reasons having to do with security. Sincethe 1990s, tall buildings have been reshaped by anumber of global architecture stars whose vision isfinally beginning to penetrate the more conservationAmerican market.Some of the best examples of that rethinking now filltwo large galleries of the Museum of Modern Artstemporary outpost in Queens, New York. Using 25spectacular architectural models (some of more than4 m high), “Tall buildings”, a show that runs atMOMA through Sept.27, looks at the ways in whichthe skyscraper has eyolyed the early 1990s, at least inthe hands of its most gifted practitioners, the kind whoare proposing-and even producing, but usually inother nations-buildings that dont resemble the dullboxes that crowd most American downtowns.Engineering is, among others, a path to new kinds ofbeauty. Just look at Renzo pianos London BridgeTower, a slender glass pyramid that forms a glitteringstalagmite against the old citys skyline. You get agrasp of what ingenious engineering is all about fromthe London Headquarters of the insurance firm SwissRe, designed by Norman Foster. Even before itopened in April, it was known as the small cucumberbecause it rises against the sky like a green pickle. Butthe buildings single feature is the inclusion of largerinterior gardens throughout. But theres adematerializing spirit even in a building that didntrequiring new fears of engineering-the Arcos BosquesCorporativo in Mexico City, an arched tower with avertical slot down its center that lightens the buildings mass brings the sky itself into play.“Not only did American invent skyscraper”, says theSpanish designer Santiago Calatrava, “it invented theskyline.” But American skylines have got a little dull.With some work, the worlds architects might bringthem back to a very tall standard.参考译文:世贸大厦倒榻的那一天，帝国大厦又一次成为纽约最高的建筑。在接下来的几个月，六家帝国大厦的商务住户搬走了，他们再也不想住在最高的楼里了，无论在什么地方。曾经有一度，当美国副总统迪克.切尼仍旧被不停地周转护送到隐蔽地点时，摩天大楼似乎突然间成了最暴露的地点。一时间，高楼大厦似乎成了战争的又一种牺牲品，至少美国是这样。三年之后，人们依旧害怕恐怖袭击，但是高楼大厦再次成了美的化身。7 月4 号，纽约州州长乔治.帕塔奇和纽约市市长米歇尔.布鲁伯格主持了自由大厦的破土仪式，这座写字楼将建在世贸大厦原址上。在纽约的其他地方，甚至全美国，新摩天大楼的建设工程又开始火热地进行。同时，在摩天热从末褪去的其他国家， 摩天大楼以截然不同的形态拔地而起，而这不仅仅是因为安全问题。从九十年代初期开始，高楼大厦的形态就被一些世界设计大师重塑了，这些设计大师的远见最终打入了较为保守的美国市场。那些新设计中的一些杰作现在正占据着位于纽约皇后区的现代艺术博物馆的两个临时展区。9 月27 号，现代博物艺术馆会举行一次名为“摩天大楼”的建筑模型(有些有四米多高)，以此来向人们展示九十年代初以来摩天大楼是如何发展的。至少在那些最有天赋的设计者手里设计出来或者是建造出来的建筑物，这些通常出现在别的国家，不再像一堆呆头呆脑的盒子簇拥在美国各城市的中心。在众多领域里，工程建设是通向另类美丽的一种途径。看看雷佐.皮耶罗设计的伦敦塔，细长的玻璃金字塔组成一个闪耀的石笋直指伦敦上空，在空中形成美丽的轮廓。从瑞士在保险公司的伦敦总部大楼我们就能看出工程建设是多么的巧妙，那栋楼是由罗曼.弗斯特设计的。甚至在四月份对外之前，这座楼就被人们称为小黄瓜，因为它直耸入云，在天空的映衬下看上去就像一根绿黄瓜。但是这栋楼最显著的特点却是遍布室内各处的室内大花园。即使在不需要新工程技术的建筑物里也存在着非物质精神墨西哥城的阿克斯.波斯克期公司大楼是一座拱行的楼，在这座楼的中间有一条狭槽从上通向底部，这座狭糟把光带到了楼里的大部分地方并且使楼里的人能看见天空。“美国发明的不光是摩天大楼”西班牙设计师圣地亚哥.卡拉托弗说，“它发明的还有摩天大楼的空中轮廓。”但是美国的空中轮廓显得有些单调。一段时间的努力之后，世界建筑大师们或许会使其重返“高”标准。第四部份：Phrases and Sentences:1、He is famous for vigorously opposing the use ofchemicals to kill pets.这个句子中重点解析的是vigorously opposing 并翻译这句话。注意的词语：vigorously opposing 积极反对翻译为：他因为积极反对用化学品杀宠物而出名。2、What would you recommend for a tenth-grader?这个句子中重点解析的是tenth-grader 到底是十年级的学生，还是十岁的小孩?tenth-grade 是“十年级”，所以tenth-grader 当然是“十年纪的学生”了。十岁的小孩是：teenager3、They used Singapore as a microcosm for examininga regionwide tropical biodiversity crisis,这个句子中重点解析的是and compiled populationdata from the past two centuries.翻译为：他们用新加坡作为检查热带地区的区域性的生活差异危机一个缩影，并用过去两个世纪(的历史)来编纂人口数据。其中biodiversity 是由前缀bio-和diversity 组合而成的，意思是生命的差异性。4、Animals that call the forest home have sufferedenormously.这个句子中重点解析的是call在这句话的意思。call 称为，当作。翻译为：以森林为家的动物们受到了巨大的灾难。5、American and Europe will pool research intohydrogen-powered fuel cells.这个句子中重点解析的是pool在这句话的意思。pool 集中投入，pool 的名词意思是“池塘”，动词本义是“汇合成塘”的意思，这里用的是比喻义，想象