中考复习专题形容词和副词.doc

重 庆 市 商 务 学 校 备 课 教 案 新目标版九年级英语教案课 题 形容词和副词专项复习拟用3课时2010年 月 日教学目标形容词、副词的比较等级形容词、副词的用法和区别德育教育 重 点形容词、副词的比较等级形容词、副词的用法和区别难 点 形容词、副词的用法关 键 教 具 多媒体设备采用教法 课型 New 课作业布置 板 书 设 计 标注教师学生活动（含分课时安排）教学过程教学过程教学过程形容词、副词的比较等级1.原级：表示A与B在某方面相同。句型：1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B 2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B A与B在某方面不同注意：not as / so as = less than 不及；不如eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one. 2)You dont eat so much as I 3)This book isnt as interesting as that one = This book is _ _ _ that one less ; interesting ; than 2.比较级：两者进行比较（常与than连用）1)I am cleverer than you 我比你聪明。2)He runs faster than Jim 他比Jim跑得快。3)I picked more apples than Jim.我比你摘的苹果多。4)Which is more interesting, this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣，这本还是那本？3.最高级：三者（或三者以上）进行比较（常与表范围的in , of短语连用）( 注意：of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 )eg. 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 2)He runs fastest in our class. 3)He is the tallest of the three boys. 4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?4.形、副比较等级的其他用法 1) “比较级and 比较级” 表示 “越来越”eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒(但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副)eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 2) “the比较级，the比较级” “越，越”eg. the more, the better 多多益善 _ you are, _ you will get. 你越懒，收获越少。 The lazier ; the less 3) “the比较级of +二者” “二者中较的一个”eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins. 2) Of(A) the two books(B) this one(C) is thicker(D). _ D , the thicker 4)表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”eg. Hes a head taller than me. My brother is two years older than me5)表示“是几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + asas”eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。 2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。6)区别older / elder与farther / further older（年龄较老的） elder（指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的）eg. My _ brother is _ than me. elder ; older farther (指距离“较远的”) further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)eg.1)He went abroad for _ studies. 2)Fusun is _ from our school than Zhaohua. further ; farther 形、副比较等级还应注意1.比较级前用a little ; much / a lot ; even / still来加强语气，表示“一点儿；得多 ； 更”eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿 2)much more 多得多 3)even heavier更重但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。2.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物），注意常用漏的代词有：that; those; one; oneseg. 1)The apples (A) in this basket (B) are redder (C) than in that basket(D). _ D, those in that basket 2)This knife (A) isnt (B) so (C) new as that (D). _ D , that one 3)Our classroom (A) is (B) bigger (C) than Lily(D). _ D , Lilys 3.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。eg.1）Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体). ( )正：Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.=Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.=Betty is the cleverest in her class.(特别注意以上三种句型的转换) 2)China is bigger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。 3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( )(all her sisters已排除了Mary)改：Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.5.表示“第二、第三”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, ”（但“第一”不能用first）eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错：_ 去掉first 附：形、副比较级和最高级的变化规则A、规则变化1.“辅 + y”结尾，变y为i加er , est(但“形 + ly ”构成的副词除外)2.双写加er , est3.直接加 er , est / r, st4.在多音词前加more , most (以“形 + ly ”构成的副词也在前加more , most)B、不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastoldolder/elderoldest/eldestfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthest形容词、副词重点难点透析 1. 下列以a-开头的形容词通常只用作表语： afraid, alike , alive , alone, asleep, awake, ashamed , afloat (飘浮的), aware (知道的)等。 另外，unable, content (满足的), all（身体）好的，ill（生病的），通常不可用作定语；ill 作定语时，通常是坏的，邪恶的意思。尽管现在已有人用ill作前置定语表示生病的，well表示健康的，习惯上还是用sick, healthy等作前置定语为要。 以上所列词汇中，afraid , alive, alone, awake 可用作后置定语，如 a man afraid (害怕的人)，the greatest man alive (健在的最伟大的人) the only child awake （唯一醒着的孩子） The people , and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history. 人民，只有人民，才是创造世界历史的动力。 还有两点必须注意： （1）多数以a-开头的形容词不直接用very修饰，通常习惯说法如： very much alone 非常孤单的 wide awake 十分清醒的 sound / fast asleep 熟睡的 (2)以a-开头的形容词本身带有副词来修饰时，可以用作前置定语，如 a fast asleep boy 熟睡的男孩 the wide awake soldiers 十分清醒的士兵 2. 有些形容词（如wooden）通常不能用作表语。我们不说The table is wooden 而应改为 The table is of wood. 或The table is made of wood. 不能用作表语，只能作定语的常用形容词还有：inner 内部的，outer 外部的， former 较前的, latter 较后的，utter完全的，upper上面的，real真正的，mere仅仅的，livelaiv活的，sheer纯粹的，only唯一的，aged年老的 3. 有些形容词（如possible）作表语时，通常不用人作主语。我们不说He is possible to attend the meeting. 而应该说It is possible for him to attend the meeting. 这类形容词常见的有： possible, improbable, convenient, inconvenient等 注意：这类句型中当动词不定式与句子主语存在着逻辑动宾关系时，主语用人是可以的，如 He is impossible to teach. = It is impossible to teach him. 下句也是正确的： She is necessary to get along well with. 4. worth, worth while 和worthy 1) be worth 表示价值时，后面可以直接接名词或-ing形式，如： The used motor bike is worth 2,000 Yuan at most. This book is well worth reading. 2) 在It is worth while 结构中，it 为形式主语，后面可接-ing形式，也可接动词不定式 The place is worth visiting. 3) worthy 可修饰名词作定语，如a worthy man 可尊敬的人， a worthy life 有价值的 / 有意义的生活，与of 连用时可作后置定语，如a cause worthy of support 值得支持的事业。 worthy of 作表语时，后面可接名词或-ing形式（常用其被动式）。如 The place is worthy of a visit. The place is worthy of being visited. 4) worthy后面也可接动词不定式，被动含义时也须用不定式的被动式。如： The boy is worthy to be praised. = The boy is worth praising. 5. 有些副词与形容词形式相同，表示同一含义，常见的有： early , late , fast , high , straight 6. 副词的位置 1) 修饰形容词和其它副词时，通常放在被修饰词之前，但enough一词例外。如 This is a very useful tool. She plays the piano fairly well. He doesnt work hard enough. The child is old enough to go to school. 2) 频度副词 (often , usually , seldom , hardly , never, sometimes, always等)要放在实义动词的前面，be 动词、助动词、情态动词的后面。如 We often go to the park. He is always ready to help others. 3) 地点