M3U3Backtothepast学案.doc

道县第二中学新课程改革教学模式探讨教学设计（高一英语）M3U3 Back to the past学案设计者：左修县I.Vocabulary:1.similar: be similar to the sameas/that be different fromthe similarity of a cat to a tigerMary is similar to Rose in many ways.The two cats are similar but not the same.1).Although _ in appearance, the two plants have some basic differences.2).The song _ the one I heard yesterday.3).A second study produced _ results.2.take over：接管，接收，把。接过来；盛行起来1）.After his father retired, he took over the company.2）.I took over her job while she was in New York.3）.Our company was recently taken over by a larger one.拓展：take sb. in欺骗 take sth. in 理解 take on 呈现 take off 起飞, 脱下 take up占据,着手处理 take charge take away 拿走 take out 拿出 take place takefor.把误认为 When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language？3.bury (vt)埋葬,安葬,埋 burial n 埋葬He was buried in his hometown.他被埋葬在他的故乡The house was buried under snow.房子被埋在雪下. be buried in =bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于Jean always buried himself in his work.简总是埋头工作。Bury oneself in the country.隐居She buried her face in her hands and cried.她双手掩面哭了起来。1）_ (bury) himself in novel, he didnt notice me coming in.2) _ (bury) in novel, he didnt notice me coming in. 4.destroy：指彻底毁灭或破坏,以至于不能修复,有时可用于比喻义The terrible earthquake destroyed the whole city.They have destroyed all the evidence.destroy ones hopes, career, reputation毁掉某人的希望，事业，名誉 destruction 毁灭，破坏damage: U n. 损害,损失 do damage to 对造成损坏The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.这场暴风雨给庄稼带来了巨大的损失.damages赔偿金She got a lot of damages from the insurance after her husband died.她丈夫死后她从保险公司得到了很多赔偿金.v. 指车辆.房屋.庄稼等事物的受伤或毁坏,但往往可以修复A large number of buildings were damaged in the earthquake.Smoking has seriously damaged his health.对：The destroyed car can be sold as waste iron. 错：The damaged car can be sold as waste iron.ruin:U n 毁坏,破坏. ruins废墟,遗迹An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.地震使整个小镇处在废墟中.fall into ruins 变成废墟 （be ）in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Rome古罗马遗迹 bring sb to ruin毁灭 come/go to ruin毁灭,崩溃v.毁灭,毁坏,弄坏,糟蹋,破坏方式不一定很粗暴,也可指对健康,事业的毁坏。The sudden storm ruined the crops. 暴风雨把庄稼毁了。What he did and said ruined the party last night.The grand city are now lying in ruins.e.g. All houses along the sea shore were _in the earthquake and tsunami.His house was completely_.so the farmer decided to build a new one.He has _his health through drinking.The building is in_.5.So was the city.-neither/nor1).I felt excited, _ did the others.2).I didnt feel excited, _ did the others.3).Ive never been to London, neither/ nor have my parents.6.with+宾语+V-ed/V-ing/prep phrase/adv./adj./infinitive1). With so many trees around, our school 2). With so much homework to do, 3). With everything finished, 4). With the old man showing the way,5). With a book in his hand,7.turn to1)turn into/ change into:The moment she got the news that she missed the chance to go abroad, the smiles on her face turned to surprise.2) 找(某人寻求帮助):Who will you turn to when youre in trouble?3) 查阅，求助于:When you come across a new word, turn to a dictionary.4) ( 把)转向:turn ones attention to8.imagine:1)+n. Try to imagine the desert on a very hot day.2) + clause:She could not imagine what would happen after that.3) + doing sth:Try to imagine being on the moon.4) sb. to be:Imagine yourself (to be) in his place.CF:Can you imagine life without water?Can you imagine _ without water?Jack always imagines that he is a successful lawyer.Jack always imagines himself _ a successful lawyer.9.remain: v. to continue to exist/ to stay in the state of (1)vi.停留，留下，剩下 A few flowers still remained on the tree.Much remained to be settled.(2) v. 依旧，仍然是（后面可接形容词，名词，分词和介词短语） The man remained modest and polite after he was elected minister.Mr.Smith became an engineer but his brother remained a worker.We will remain in contact with them.She remained crying after I comforted her.(3)remaining adj. 剩下的，剩余的 1.Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C.be staying D. have stayed2.Although he has taken a lot of medicine,his health_ poor.A. proves B. remains C. lasts D.continuesremains n.遗迹，遗址，遗体Most of the buildings have been destroyed. What we can see today are only the remains of them.10.together with: including, as well as, along with:一起，包括1.）200 school bags, together with 5000 books, were donated to Project Hope.2.）We bought fruits, together with some vegetables.3.）The teacher, together with his students, is going to the museumII.Grammar and usage宾语补足语在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其它的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。比如说： Im going to paint it pink.句中的it显然是宾语。但是主语将要做的并不是it，而是paint it pink。pink 是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是执行了paint的动作。 句子中的pink是形容词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。 比如： I find learning English difficult. (difficult是形容词做宾补） I saw the kite up and down. （up and down是副词做宾补） Tom made the girl cry. (cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式） *常跟复合宾语的动词有：call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep, nominate (任命),choose, elect (选举), define (定义), regard, see, recognize, treat, take, consider, look up, refer to, accept, acknowledge, describe, depict (描述), represent (表现出), declare (宣称), denounce, employ (雇佣), use, show, organize, express主谓一致主谓一致是指： 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. Large quantities of water are needed. In western countries, mountains of rubbish are thrown away each day. 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B。先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好像是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。 主谓一致中的靠近原则 1) 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 2）当either or 与neither nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. 谓语需用单数 1） 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。 Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2） 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。 The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 天方夜谭是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。 3） 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变）。Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. 指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1） 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。 All is right. (一切顺利。) All are present. (所有人都到齐了。) 2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。 His family isnt very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。 His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。 但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。 Are there any police around? 3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。 A number of +名词复数+复数动词。 The number of +名词复数+单数动词。 A number of books have lent out. The majority of the students like English. 与后接名词或代词保持一致 1） 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。 Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 2） 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。 Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。either.or.与 neither.nor.一、either.or. either . or . 意为“或者或者；不是就是”之意。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。例如：When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances. 那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。(此句中either . or . 连接两个动词，因为主语是单数第三人称，谓语动词要用其相应的形式。) either . or . 连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是我们通常说的就近原则。例如：Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 二、neither.nor. neither . nor . 表示“既不也不”。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如：She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。此句中neither . nor . 连接两个宾语。当neither . nor . 连接两个主语时，也应遵循“就近原则”。例如：Neither dad nor mum is at home today. 今天父母都不在家。若将neither . nor . 句型变为肯定句，只需把neither . nor . 改为both . and . 即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。例如：Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。 III.语法练习一、单项选择1A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered2The police _ determined to bring back the missing boy when his family _ almost given up all hope. A. is, has B. are, have C. are, has D. is, have3I have finished a large part of the book; the rest _ more difficult. A. is B. are C. was D. were4Ten minutes _ an hour when one is waiting for an important call.A. seemsB. seemC. likeD. feels 5Its not you but Mr. Anderson who _ to answer for the incident.A. are B. were C. is D. was 6-Mike, what did your monitor say just now? - Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who _ to visit the museum _ asked to beat the school gat before 6:30. A. is; isB. are; areC. is; areD. are; is7. My driving license, rather than my credit cards, _lost. A. have B. are C. is D. has 8_ neither you nor your brother interested in swimming?A. Are B. Is C. Do D. Does9The wounded _ sent to the hospital at once.A. were B. are C. is D. was10. A number of students _ for an outing. The number of them _ fifty. A. have gone; areB. has gone; isC. has gone; areD. have gone; is11. When and where to build the subway _ yet.A. are not decidedB. have not been decidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decided12There _ Id like to answer this evening.A. are one or two letters B. has one or two lettersC. is one or two letters D. have one or two letters13A large quantity of information, as well as some timely help _ since the organization was built. A. has offeredB. had been offeredC. have been offeredD. is offered14Whisky and soda _ his favorite drink.A. is B. are C. were D. have been15Each of the students in our class _ great interest in English and they each _ a copy of New Concept English.A. shows; haveB. have; hasC. is; haveD. takes; has16. Not only politics but also English is important. In other word, _ is important. A. English, as well as politics B. politics as well as EnglishC. both politics and English D. politics as well as the English17About one third of the population in Beijing and Shanghai _ netizens, but in poorer areas, only three or four percent _ online. A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are18He said that the twelfth and last lesson _ rather difficult.A. were B. was C. will be D. are19No one in the department but Tom and I _ that the director is going to resign.A. knowsB. knowC. have knownD. am to know20. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _ 50 million.A. have reachedB. has reachedC. are reachingD. had reached二、动词填空1. When he came back after so many years, he found his hometown much _ (change). 2. Do you hear someone _ (knock) at the door? - Yes, I did. I heard him _ (knock) three times. 3. The chef was fired because he was caught _ (smoke) in the kitchen.4. Oliver Twist is made _ (steal) money from a kind gentleman.5. Mr. Smith was so disappointed to see the camera he had had _ (repair) went wrong again.6. He got me _ (pick) up a pizza on my way home.7. All of us consider Yao Ming _ (be) the best basketball player in China.8. I felt a great weight_ (take) off my mind when I finished the task. 9. A statesman can make his influence _ (feel) through his speech. 10. She smelt something _ (burn). 三、句子翻译1. 他再次被选为班长。2. 他醒来时，发现自己躺在地上。3所有的学生，包括我自己，都已通过考试。4正如你所见，最近新车的数量在不断增加。5. 对他们来说，完成这项工作十天就够了。6. 他是经常被老师表扬的学生之一。7. More than one student is present at the meeting.8. The singer and dance is going to give a performance in our school.9At the foot of the mountain stands a school.10. I wont have you talking to Mother like that.四、句子改错1. His works is to be published next month.2. “All are present and all are going on well.” said our teacher.3. Every possible means have been tried.4. What influences my life greatly is his words.5. You, he, or I are right.6. Half of the apple have been rotten.7. The audience was moved to tears at the words.8. Science and technology are essential to economic development.9. Many a student want to be a second Bill Gates.10. He is the only one of the actors who have won 3 Oscars.主谓一致专练1. I, who_ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.A. am B. is C. are D. be2. The rich _ not always happy.A. are B. is C. has D. have3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students.A. are B. am C. is D. was4. Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study5. Neither my father nor I _ at home.A. am B. is C. are D. be6. Not only my brother but also I _ good at painting. Both of us _ good painters.,A. are; are B. am; am C. am; are D. is; is7. Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A. wish B. wishes C. is like D. like8. Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants.A. was B. is C. would be D. are9. The population of China _ larger than that of .any other country in the world.A. is B. are C. has D. have10. Every means _ tried but without any result.A. have been B .is to be C. are to be D. has been11. Alice, together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule.A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished12. The League secretary and the monitor_ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.A .is B. was C. are D. is being13. The great writer and professor_.A. is an old man B. are both old menC. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese14. There _ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.A. are B. is C. has D. have15. A large number of students in our class_ girls.A. are B. was C. is D. be16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses _ much if people leave things as they are. A. doesnt change B. dont change C. change D. changed17. The Arabian Nights _ well known to the English.A. is B. are C. was D. were18. Chairman Mao s works _ published.A. has been B. have been C. was D. is19. A chemical works_ built there.A. is to being B. have been C. were to D. has been20. The Olympic Games _ held every _ years.A. is; four B. are; four C. is; five D. are; five21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world.A. is B. are C. was D. were22.He is the only one of die students who _ elected.A. are B. have C. has D. is23. This is one of the most interesting questions that _ asked.A. have B. has C. have been D. has been24. Many a man _ come to help us.A. have B. has C. is D. are25.All_ present and all_ going on well, our monitor said.A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are26. The police _ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching27.Your trousers_ dirty. You must have_ washed.A.