笔译本学期堂上翻译.doc

DreamsDreams have always held a universal fascination. Some primitive societies believe that the soul leaves the body and visits the scene of the dream. Generally, however, dreams are accepted to be illusion, having much in common with daydreams-the fantasies of our waking life. When dreaming, however, one tends to believe fully in the reality of the dream world, however inconsistent, illogical and odd it may be.Superstition and magical practices thrive on the supposed power of dreams to foretell the future. Instances of dreams which have later turned out to be predicting have often been recorded, some by men of the highest intellectual integrity. Although it is better to keep an open mind on the subject, it is true that the power of dreams to predict future events still remains unproved. Some of Freuds interpretations are extremely fanciful, but there is almost certainly some truth in his view that dreams express the subconscious mind.梦历来使人感到不可思议。在原始社会人们相信，做梦是人的灵魂离开躯体而到梦境一游。然而一般说来，人们认为梦是幻觉，同人们在头脑清醒时所作的白日梦的幻想有许多相似之处。有所不同的是人们在做梦时，无论梦境是多么支离破碎，逻辑混乱，荒诞不经（无稽），人们却往往完全信以为真。正因为人们认为梦能够预示未来，迷信和巫术活动才得以大行其道。常有实例说明梦对未来是有预兆性的，如是说者不乏有学之士/饱读圣贤之士。尽管对此问题的探讨以不抱成见为宜，但无可置疑的是，梦是否预示未来迄今仍未得到科学的解释及证实。（然而）虽然弗洛伊德的一些解释完全是凭空想象的，但是他认为梦表达了人在潜意识的思想活动，这一观点几乎可以肯定是有道理的。Explanation:Intellectual integrity: Recognition of the need to be true to ones own thinking; to be consistent in the intellectual standards one applies; to hold ones self to the same rigorous standards of evidence and proof to which one holds ones antagonists; to practice what one advocates for others; and to honestly admit discrepancies and inconsistencies in ones own thought and actionThis is a sample of the intellectual integrity which is one of Chinas greatest virtues.这也生动地体现了中国知识分子的一种最大美德。I must praise him for his intellectual integrity, for he faced the challenge of atheism head-on and honestly.我必须赞扬他理智上的诚实一致，因为他正面并且诚实地面对无神论的挑战。Their intellectual integrity shows in the number of Nobel and other major prizes awarded which they have garnered over the years.他们丰富的学识表现在多年来所获得的诺贝尔奖和其它大奖的数量上。KinoAnd Kino drew back his arm and flung the pearl with all his might. Kino and Juana watched it go, winking and glimmering under the setting sun. They saw the little splash in the distance, and they stood side by side watching the place for a long time. And the pearl settled into the lovely green water and dropped towards the bottom. The waving branches of the algae called to it and beckoned to it. The lights on its surface were green and lovely. It settled down to the sand bottom among the fern-like plants. Above, the surface of the water was a green mirror. And the pearl lay on the floor of the sea. A crab scampering over the bottom raised a little cloud of sand, and when it settled, the pearl was gone.奇诺扬起手臂，用尽力气把珍珠扔出去。奇诺和朱安娜望着飞出去的珍珠在夕阳下闪着微光，若隐若现。珍珠在远处溅起一小朵水花，奇诺和朱安娜并肩伫立，凝望了许久。那颗珍珠落进清澈的碧波中，一直朝水底沉去。似乎那摇曳的水藻枝条在召唤它。珍珠泛着翠绿莹莹的光泽，落在蕨类丛中的泥沙上。水面如同一面碧绿的明镜。而珍珠也正躺在水底。一只小螃蟹匆匆爬过，带起一团沙雾，当一切恢复了平静，珍珠却无影无踪了。Reagans Re-electionFour months before the Election Day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten oclock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted. Even so, the men kept the door shut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting. Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagans resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy. These were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ones to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nations economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America - a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.里根再次当选总统应该是轻而易举之事。这几位竞选策划人都身经百战，富有经验，与里根知交多年，与共和党关系密切。他们谙熟竞选之道，通晓国情。竞选的背景条件十分有利，很多乐观因素令人振奋，不但国泰民安，而且竞选之关键的国民经济已在复苏振兴。此外，这次竞选财力雄厚，有充足的资金组织一流的竟选班子，进行巡回竞选活动，制作电视宣传片。而最重要的是竞选人罗纳德-里根总统本人的条件。他深得人心，有精湛的交际才能。继约翰.肯尼迪之后，里根是成功地向世界展示了更强大的美国形象的一位总统。他更新了军事力量，调动了国民积极性，精简了联邦政府。Opera Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate societys power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.欣赏歌剧是昂贵的，也是不可避免的花费。（歌剧是昂贵的艺术，却是必然的花费。）然而昂贵的享受并非只属于富人，除非我们放弃社会赋予我们的选择权。我们也能够使普通人接触到歌剧和其他昂贵的文化艺术形式，但问题是我们为何如此？任何人都承认人的衣食住行、安全健康、接受教育是必须的。然而即使是在原始时期，居住洞穴的人类也不仅限于为生存而奋斗，与此同时他们还有绘画的欲望。人类有史以来就追求文化，渴望通过丰富的想象和图绘来表达对世界的认识和探索。（人类向往文化，用丰富的想象和作品来表现对世界的认识和探索的愿望是与生俱来的。）。在欧洲，人类的这一愿望在音乐、绘画、文化、和戏剧的精湛作品中得以充分体现。这些杰作证实了人类所付出的努力，证明了人类的思维和想象可能达到的境界。同时，这些作品表达的深刻意义永世相传。The WarWhen Iraq invaded Kuweit, I was on a course of study in Taiwan. On the way home, my plane stopped off at Dhahran Airport for refueling. At that time the airport was silent and deserted. It is hard to believe that it is now at the center of a savage and brutal war.When the war began on January 18, the authorities believed that the multi-national force was irresistible and that the war would be short and swift. But now, the situation seems quite the reverse; the war is likely to take at least several months before it blows itself out.No matter how long the war lasts, it is undeniably a great tragedy. The region is now bristling with bombers, warships and soldiers. Saddam Hussein has already begun to make random bombing attacks on Israel and Saudi Arabia. He has even brazenly threatened to use missiles charged with biological or chemical warheads.Recently the problem of environmental pollution has emerged with the large oil slick that Saddam has intentionally created. This threatens all the wildlife in the area.Whether or not the Gulf War is a just war is a hotly debated question. Although most people agree with the deployment of soldiers in the region, a considerable number of people do not want Britain to get involved. Some believe that military might is the only way to force Saddam Hussein to withdraw from Kuwait. Yet others maintain that if only sanctions had been applied for a little longer, then this would have achieved the same result. Whatever the case may be, in my opinion, Europe and America should not have given up so hastily all hope of a peaceful settlement of the crisis.海湾战争一月十八日开始的时候，当局认为多国部队锐不可当，战争不会旷日持久。但目前形势恰恰相反，要想战火熄灭，有待数月不止。无论波斯湾上空的战云密布多久，无可否认这场战争是个悲剧。目前这一地区战机充斥，战舰林立，士兵待发。萨达姆侯赛因已经好几次漫无目标地轰炸了以色列和沙特阿拉伯。他甚至肆无忌弹地威胁要使用携带细菌弹头或化学弹头的导弹。最近又出现了环境遭到污染的问题，即萨达姆蓄意造成的大规模的浮油，使这一地区所有生物濒临死亡。海湾战争是否正义，是一个很有争议的问题。虽然赞成出兵的人占多数，但也有相当多的人反对英国介入其中。InsurancesIt is customary to insure goods against the risks of the journey. These risks include collision, leakage, pilferage, fire and storm etc. if goods are properly insured; neither the exporter nor the customer suffers any loss. The passing of risk should be arranged properly between the buyer and the seller to avoid possible misunderstanding with regards to the responsibility of both parties. Theoretically speaking, the exporter insures the goods up to the point where the goods pass over the ships rail and the buyer takes responsibility from then on in F.O.B.contract. However, in practice, the customer usually buys insurance to cover the whole journey in F.O.B., F.A.S.contracts from the exporters warehouse to the final destination. The term “marine insurance” can sometimes be extended to protect the assured against losses on inland waters or land. In export trade, it is a common practice to arrange an extended marine insurance to cover not only the sea voyage but also the transportation of goods from the warehouse of the seller to the port of dispatch, and from the port of arrival to the warehouse of the overseas buyers.保险为货物保险以防旅途不测，这是商业惯例。旅途险情包括碰撞、渗漏、扒窃、火灾、暴风雨等等。如果货物保险适当，出口商和客户均不承受任何损失。买卖双方间的风险转移应当安排适当，以避免对双方责任可能产生误解。从理论上讲，在装运港船方交货的条件下，出口商对货物的保险至货越过船舷拿一点终止，买方承担此后的责任风险。但在实施中，在以装运港船上交货，或装运港船边交货成交合同下，客户通常买下由出口商仓库至目的地的全程保险。“海上保险”这一术语有时可延用于指为内陆水域或陆上路段保险。江海上保险范围扩大，不仅可以为海上保险，也为货物由卖方仓库至发货港，由到达港至买方仓库的陆上交通保险，这已经成为商业惯例。9. Roses, Roses All the Way It has now been five years since Margaret Thatcher resigned as Britains Prime Minister. In her heyday she strode the international headlines with such bravura that she seemed inevitable, a natural force. The world stage seemed just t he right size for her , as she chaffed her conservative soul mate Ronald Reagan or flattered the“new man”, Mikhail Gorbachev. Now the political world has begun to focus on the immensity of her achievement. How on earth did she manage to get there? She was elected to Parliament at 32 in 1958 (five years before T he Feminine Mystique was published). She parried her way through the complacent ,male-dominated councils of power no woman had ever roiled those waters. Couldnt the old boys see her coming? After all, there was nothing subtle about her personality or her approach. As The Path to Power (Harper2Collins ; 656 pages ; 30) , the second volume of her autobiography , makes clear , Thatcher was probably too simple and direct for the Tories , with their heavy baggage of class and compromise . She traveled light, proud of her roots as a grocers daughter from the small town of Grantham but never tethered by working class resentments or delusions of inferiority. Her parents taught her the verities they believed in: Methodism, hard work, thrift and the importance of the individual. She has never wavered from them, and they run through the book. “Nothing in our house was wasted. ”Or ,“I had less leisure time than other children. ”These are boasts of a childhood recalled in tranquility. Later t hey became a philosophy :“Being conservative is never merely a matter of income , but a whole way of life , a will to take responsibility for oneself.”From the start , she notes almost with bemusement , there was a contrast between her own“executive style”and her colleagues “more consultive style . ”Thatcher laid down the law. In her 11-year leadership , she broke the crippling power o