名词性从句专项训练.doc

名词性从句1.(2010东北三省四市联考)The idea has been widely accepted _ Beijing Opera should be added to the basic education in China.A.which B.when C.that D./解析：句意：京剧应该加到中国的基础教育中去的这个想法已被人们广泛接受。that引导名词性从句时，只起连词的作用，在从句中不作成分，that引导定语从句时，在从句中一定作成分，作主语或者宾语。由that引起的同位语从句常用在某些抽象名词后，常见的名词有idea，fact，news，hope，belief，rumor，thought，doubt，promise，word(消息，信息)。故在所给选项中，只有that能够引导这个同位语从句。答案：C2.(2010山东聊城一模)Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？A.he explained B.what he explainedC.how he explained D.why he explained解析：reason作先行词时，若从句中不缺主语或宾语，则用why引导；若缺少主语或者宾语，则用that或者which引导。该题中explain后缺少宾语，所以用that或者which引导，又因为是作宾语，所以可以省略。答案：A3.(2010天津一中月考)We have all experienced occasions _ we have spoken our minds to someone，telling them exactly what we feel.A.where B.which C.that D.when解析：分析题干不难看出，先行词是occasions，定语从句中缺少的是时间状语，所以用where引导。答案：D4.(2010北京丰台期末)The survey showed that people were confused about _ they should eat to stay healthy.A.which B.that C.what D.whether解析：由题干可知，介词about后接的宾语从句中谓语动词eat缺少宾语，所以用what引导。答案：C5.(2010湖南湘潭模拟)It is reported that polar bearssome 16 000 of themwill disappear by 2050 from parts of the Arctic _ sea ice is melting most rapidly.A.where B.whenC.at the place D.in where解析：该题中the Arctic作先行词，定语从句sea ice is melting most rapidly中缺少地点状语，所以用when引导。答案：A6.(2010浙江杭州二中月考)Nowadays，many children dont agree with their parents.Its not surprising.This is _ is so called generation gap.A.what B.it C.that D.all解析：This is后明显是一个表语从句，在从句中缺少主语，所以用what；that在表语从句中不担当任何成分，it与all都不能引导表语从句。答案：A7.(2010江苏启东中学阶段)I serve three meals every day and do almost everything for him，but he still fails me.Im sorry to say thats _ you are mistaken.A.how B.what C.where D.which解析：句意：我伺候他一日三餐，为他做所有的事情，而他仍然让我伤心。那就是你的错误之处了。由where引导表语从句，后面的从句中缺状语，故排除B、D两项，根据句意应选C项。答案：C8.(2010宁夏银川一中月考)Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he isC.who is it D.who it is解析：疑问词引导的宾语从句要求用陈述句语序。又由于是去看看接门铃的人，在分不清男女的前提下使用it替代。答案：D9.(2010福建福州质检)The small town where we spent our holiday last month lies in _ is now part of Fujian.A.where B.what C.which D.that解析：宾语从句中缺少谓语动词is的主语，故选择what。where表示地点，无法在从句中作主语，which是有范围的选择提问，that在宾语从句中不充当成分。答案：B10.(2010山东聊城期末)You see，Im poor in maths，you are not good at English，and.Thats _ we should help each other.A.when B.where C.how D.why解析：句意：你知道，我数学差，你英语差，而且那就是我们应该互相帮助的地方。where引导表语从句且在从句中充当地点状语。答案：B11.(2010宁夏银川一中月考)People in Sichuan Province are determined to rebuild _ was destroyed in the earthquake.A.that B.which C.how D.what解析：在名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)中如果缺名词性(主语、宾语、表语、同位语)成分，一般用what代替，这里是属于宾语从句中缺主语，故需填what。答案：D12.(2010福建毕业班质检)Faced with challenges，you should believe your courage is _ makes a difference.A.what B.that C.which D.whether解析：what makes a difference是what引导的表语从句。答案：A13.(2010湖南湘潭一中月考)_ worried the doctors most was _ they could find the cause of the disease.A.What；how B.That；thatC.What；what D.How；what解析：第一空所填词引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，用what；第二空引导表语从句，根据意思引导作表语从句的方式状语，用how，选A项。答案：A14.(2010安徽江南十校联考)Mary looks upset today.What is up？Well，_ happened between Mary and me is none of your business.A.wherever B.whoeverC.whatever D.no matter what解析：从句中结构可知这是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以排除A项；且是事情作主语，所以排除B项；D项no matter what只能引导让步状语从句。故选C项。答案：C15.(2010浙江杭州七县市期末联考)_ puzzled the police especially was _ the murderer was killed.A.What；how B.That；whyC.Which；when D.What；who解析：第一空引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，排除B项；第二空引导表语从句，且在从句中作状语，排除D项。根据句意判断选A项。句意：尤其使警察迷惑的是凶手是怎么遇害的。答案：A(二)1.(2009江苏徐州调研)Pointing to the house on _ roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was _ I would stay.A.its；what B.whose；whatC.whose；where D.its；where解析：句意：老人指着那座屋顶上长着杂草的房子告诉我说，那就是我要住的地方。该题中，house是先行词，定语从句是一个倒装句，正常的语序是：lots of bush grew on whose roof。roof前缺少定语，所以用whose引导；that was _ I would stay是told的宾语从句。该宾语从句中，主语是that，_ I would stay是一个表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，所以用where引导。答案：C2.(2009山东滨州一模)People tend to think that childrens IQ is_ determines how well they are going to do in their future life.A.what B.that C.which D.where解析：由题干可知，is后的表语从句中缺少主语。在所给选项中，只有what既能够引导这个表语从句又能在从句中作主语。答案：A3.(2009北京四中期中)It even leaves the scientists in wonder _ they should call the newlyborn creature，which looks halfhuman and halfanimal.A.that B.why C.what D.how解析：由题干可知，it是形式主语，真正主语是_ they should call the newlyborn creature。在这个主语从句中谓语动词call后缺少宾语，所以用what引导。答案：C4.(2009天津十二区县联考)After five hours drive，they reached _ the local called Paradise theyd been dreaming of.A.that B.where C.which D.what解析：由题干可知，reach的宾语是一个句子，而该宾语从句中谓语动词call缺少宾语，所以用what引导。答案：D5.(2009湖南湘潭模拟)_ is known to us all is that the Chinese government has spared no efforts to protect people from fake food.A.What B.ItC.As D.Which解析：分析句子结构可知，_ is known to us all是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，要用what引导。答案：A6.(2009大连双基)Could you tell us _ happens when one student in class expresses a personal opinion _ maybe offends other students？A.that；that B.what；whereC.that；where D.what；that解析：分析题干不难看出，_ happens是tell的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以第一个空要用what；在when引导的时间状语从句中opinion是先行词，定语从句_ maybe offends other students中缺少主语，所以用that引导。答案：D7.(2009山东潍坊一模)The professor in the end decided to give the prize to _ has a good command of English.A.who B.anyoneC.whoever D.whomever解析：由题干可知，介词to后的宾语从句中缺少主语，所以B和D两项排除；whothe person who；whoeveranyone who。由题意可知，C项符合题意。答案：C8.(2009山东滨州一模)Could you tell me _ it was _ the accident occurred？A.where；that B.which；thatC.that；where D.where；which解析：由题干可知，tell的宾语从句中用了强调句型，强调了地点状语where；因为where是连接副词，所以放在it was的前面，但是that位置不变。答案：A9.(2009江苏徐州调研)_ sculpture is to a block of marble，education is to a human soul.A.That B.Which C.What D.Where解析：A is to B what C is to D“A对于B来说就像C对于D一样”，是一个固定句型。答案：C10.(2009安徽安庆二模)_ impressed the audience most was _ the magician Liu Qian played in this years Spring Gala.A.What；what B.What；thatC.That；what D.That；that解析：第一个空用what引出一个从句作这个复合句的主语，what在这个从句中作主语；第二个空用what引出一个从句作这个句子的表语，what在从句中作play的宾语。答案：A11.(2009湖南湘潭模拟)He proves to be a determined man，for _ failures he meets，he will never lose heart.A.whatever B.whatC.which D.whichever解析：what和which都能引导名词性从句并在从句中作定语，区别是：what是泛指，不确定范围，which确定范围；whatever和whichever作定语时的区别同what和which的区别一样。what作定语时意思是“的人或者事”；whatever作定语时意思是“任何”。答案：A12.(2009安徽合肥质检)It was the training _ he had as a young man _ made him such a good engineer.A.what；that B.which；thatC.that；which D.that；what解析：这个强调句强调的是句子的主语the training，而the training又后接一个定语从句。答案：B13.(2009浙江杭州质检)Confidence and efforts are _ the international community needs now to counter the ongoing financial crisis.A.why B.that C.what D.when解析：句意：为了对抗正在发生的金融危机，国际组织所需要的是信心和努力。由题干可知，are后的表语从句中缺少宾语。在所给选项中，只有what能引导这个表语从句，且在从句中作宾语。答案：C14.(2009江苏南通调研)A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might substitute the hero to buy some flowers for his mothers 60th birthday.A.if B.whenC.that D.which解析：that引导同位语从句，进一步解释名词thought。因为本句谓语部分短小，因此把从句放到了谓语部分的后面，形成分隔同位语从句，that在从句中不充当句子成分。答案：C15.(2009江苏南京调研)Go and have great fun！I will cope with _ you leave to me properly.Thanks a lot.A.why B.when C.what D.which解析：这里考查what引导的名词性从句，what在从句中作宾语。leave sth. to sb.“将某事留给某人处理”。句意：好好玩吧！我会把你交给我的事情处理好的。多谢！答案：C(三)1.(2008北京东城综合)After _ was about ten minutes，the teacher gave the students the correct answer to the question.A.that B.itC.which D.what解析：句意：大约十分钟后，老师给出了那个问题的正确答案。首先在after后加上名词the time，然后考虑后加哪个引导词，很显然应该用that，因为先行词在定语从句中作主语，最后考虑the timethatwhat，故答案为D。答案：D2.(2008天津十二区一联)As far as I see，_ is no possibility _ he will win the tennis match this time.A.it；that B.there；thatC.it；whether D.there；wheth解析：句意：在我看来，他不可能赢这场网球赛。There is no possibility.意为“不可能，没有的可能性”，that引导同位语从句，以解释说明possibility的内容或含义。类似结构还有：There is no doubt that.答案：B3.(2008唐山一模)The couple are spending their holiday on _ is described as one of the most beautiful islands.A.that B.whatC.which D.where解析：句意：这对夫妇正在那个被描述成最美丽的岛屿之一的地方度假。what引导的是一个表语从句，在从句中它既是引导词又作主语，相当于the place that；A、C两项均缺少先行词；而D项中where为关系副词，不能在名词性从句中作主语。答案：B4.(2008唐山二模)If I were any younger，I would do _ I am interested in.A.no matter what B.whateverC.no matter which D.whichever解析：句意：如果我再年轻点的话，我将做我感兴趣的事情。本题考查whatever与no matter what的区别。在引导状语从句时，这两个词相等，如Dont trust him，no matter what he says.无论他说什么，都别相信他。但whatever还可以引导名词性从句，相当于anything that.，如：The children were allowed to do whatever they liked.孩子们被允许做他们愿意做的任何事情。Hell be ready to accept whatever help he can get.他愿意接受他能得到的任何帮助。I am willing to pay whatever price you ask.我愿意付给你所要的任何价钱。答案：B5.(2008东北三校一模)The word“media” basically refers to _ we commonly call newspapers，magazines，radios and televisions.A.which B.thatC.what D.where解析：句意：“媒体”这个词的基本含义是指我们平时所说的报纸、杂志、广播、电视。what引导宾语从句，在句中既作引导词又作宾语补足语，相当于the things that。A、B两项缺少先行词。答案：C6.(2008安徽江南十校)The moment _ Leo will never forget is _ Mr.Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.A.that；when B.that；thatC.when；that D.when；where解析：句意：Leo永远不能忘记的是格林先生就怎样提高写作给他提了许多宝贵意见的那一刻。第一个空中that引导一个定语从句，并在从句中作forget的宾语；第二个空when引导表语从句，并且在句中作时间状语，相当于the time/moment when。答案：A7.(2008昆明质检)I believe we will have a good time with Miss Green at your birthday party.Maybe.But it is still a question，you know，_ she can spare time to come.A.whether B./C.that D.which解析：句意：我相信我们跟格林小姐将在你的生日晚会上玩得很高兴。也许是这样。但问题是她是否能抽出时间过来。根据句意可知，这是whether引导的一个主语从句。答案：A8.(2008成都二次诊断)Our class adviser doesnt doubt，in any case，_ we can overcome the difficulties in our study.He always gives us a confident smile.A.how B.whetherC.that D./解析：句意：我们的学习顾问在任何时候都不怀疑我们可以克服学习中的困难的能力。他总是给我们一种自信的微笑。doubt的否定式加宾语从句，要用that引导。答案：C9.(2008湖北八市)_ is known to us all is that the old scientist，for _ life was hard in the past，still works very hard in his eighties.A.As；whom B.What；whomC.It；whose D.As；whose解析：句意：众所周知，这位八十高龄的老科学家仍在努力工作着。对他而言，过去的生活是艰苦的。考查名词性从句与定语从句。注意下列句型转换：What is known to us all is that.(what引导的主语从句)As is known to us all，.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)It is known to us all that.(it作形式主语结构)答案：B10.(2008唐山)That art centre is _ used to be a factory，_ millions of tractors were made.A.what；where B.where；whereC.what；which D.where；which解析：句意：这家艺术中心曾经是个工厂，制造出数百万台拖拉机。考查表语从句和定语从句。what引导表语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于a_place_that used to be a factory。第二空为定语从句。先行词factory表示地点，应由where引导，相当于in which，即in the factory。答案：A11.(2008福建厦门联考)Can you help me？Yes.I will do _ I can to help you.A.whatever B.no matter whatC.however D.no matter how解析：句意：“你能帮助我吗？”“是的。我要尽我所能来帮助你。”whatever引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，相当于anything that/all that。答案：A12.(2008优化信息卷一)When it comes to teamwork，_ comes first is to keep an open mind，because everyones ideas deserve consideration.A.that B.whatC.which D.how解析：考查名词从句的引导词。句意为“说到合作，第一点就是要思想开放，因为每个人的观点都值得考虑”。主语从句中缺少作主语的引导词，that引导名词从句，不作成分，how为副词，不能作主语，故排除A、D项，which表示某范围中的某一个，不符合句意，所以选择B项。答案：B13.(2008天津和平区模拟)He finds his daughter is quite different from _ she was five years ago.A.who B.whatC.how D.which解析：句意：他发现他女儿跟5年前大不一样了。what引导宾语从句并在从句中作表语。答案：B14.(2008上海杨浦学科测试)The school has a regulation _ all the teachers and students must wear school uniform on Mondays.A.which B.what C.that D./解析：此题考查同位语从句。that引导的同位语从句中不缺主语或者宾语，否则就是定语从句。句意：学校有规章制度，所有的老师和同学周一这天必须穿校服。答案：C15.(2008江西师大附中月考)The manager in the end decided to give the job to _ he believed had a strong ability of communication.A.who B.anyoneC.whoever D.whomever解析：此题考查宾语从句。句意：最后经理决定把这项工作给任何一个他认为交际能力很强的人。to后面的宾语从句中缺少主语，he believed在从句中作插入语，由句意可知，要给的人是不确定的，所以答案为C项，而不能是A项；选B项的话，需在anyone后加关系代词who。答案：C主语从句(Subject Clause) 定义:在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句. 第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。 （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. （3）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet. （4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. （5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Whose watch was lost is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等 （2)连词位于句首不能省略 （3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9 第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末 （1）It is certain that he will win the match. （2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. （3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. （4）It is strange that he should do that. （5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting. （6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. （7）It is a pity that we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. （8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. （9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai) （10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. （11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care. （12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film) （13）It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there) 小结: （1)以that 引出的主语从句,常以形式主语it引导. It is +形容词/名词/某些动词ed + that 从句. （2) 在有些that从句中要用虚拟语气 (should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,11. 主语从句与宾语从句两者的用法和在句中的作用是不同的，下面从它们的各自用法，介绍：） 一主语从句 主语从句 定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is 名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 (2) it is 形容词从句 It is natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是 (3) it 不及物动词从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 (4) it is过去分词从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (3) It happens, It occurs 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (4) It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that 则不然。例如： What you said yesterday is right. 二：宾语从句的几个特征：1、引导词：whatwhichwhosewhenwhetherifwhere 2语序：宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。 如：I think that you must work harder. 宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。 (1)表达时间的几个句型：一般用when或者是what time： What time will the train leave? 由于时刻都是固定的，也可以用一般现在时代替一般将来时： What time does the train leave? (2)时间的表达方式：8：19(nineteen past eight),7:57(three to eight)，在时间的中间也可以加上分的单词(minutes) (3)had better +动词原型。意思是提要求，建议。但是上下级不能用这种方式，因为语气太重： You had better give up smoking . (4)sb leave sth +地点 I left my book in my classroom yesterday. (5)may I have your name(addressage)?一般询问对方的年龄、名字等，不要习惯以前的问法，这样很不礼貌，而是要采访上面的问法。以前的习惯是：how old are you? whats your name? (6)修饰名词的代词次序：限-描-大-形-年-颜-籍-物-类+名词： this is a bridge. This is a beautiful bridge 补充：从句的语序永远是陈述句。题 主语从句主语从句(Subject Clause)定义:在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句.第一部分：常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet.（4） Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）Whose watch was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小结:（1)引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等（2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9第二部分：为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末（1）It is certain that he will win the match.（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting.（4）It is strange that he should do that.（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting.（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.（7）It is a pity that we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. （9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai) （10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. （11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)（13）It h