英汉翻译练习

英汉翻译练习一、翻译下列句子，注意词义的选择 1Parliament will debate the nationalization issue next week 2The Christmas issue of the magazine has a picture of carol singers on its cover 3There is a new issue of stamps to commemorate the Royal wedding 4His activities are so regular you could set your watch by him 5She greeted her guests with a set smile 二、翻译下列句子，注意根据上下文及逻辑关系对斜体词作必要的引申 1There was no provocation for such an angry letter 2Macdonalds had become an institution in his life in the last eight years 3The trunk was big and awkward and loaded with booksBut his case was a different proposition 4It was regrettable that our appeal remains a dead letter 5Such conduct is known in all languages as piracy 三、用增词法翻译下列句子 1After all preparations were made，the plane took off 2I like the climate of San Francisco better than that of any other city where I have livedIt never snows，and even in July and August it rarely gets hot 3Even if you work hard，you cannot finish it in a week 4Some plants grow well in certain areas，but not in others，for they do not have the ability to adapt themselves to foreign climates 5The power is strong enough to shatter complacency 四、用省略法翻译下列句子 1But its the way I am ，and try as I might，I havent been able to change it 2Everywhere you can find new types of man and objects in new China 3She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him for it 4He shrugged his shoulders，shook his head，cast up his eyes，but said nothing 5At long last，on June 6，1944，after the European war was basically decided and Hitler licked，the allies launched their long-delayed western front 五、用重复法翻译下列句子 1They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting 2We caught a glimpse of the leading horses and of a horseman vanishing through the rain 3He broke all connections with his past，and with the old habits in every way 4They had prepared for this test as carefully as they had for larger ones 5But there had been too much publicity about my case 六、用转译法翻译下列句子 1They had often heard of elephants，but they had never seen one ；for，being blind ，how could they？ 2A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial 3Since the advent of jet aircraft，travel has been speeded up 4The application of electronic computers makes for a tremendous rise in labor productivity 5He was a voracious reader，spending much of his days and evenings devouring books 七、翻译下列句子，注意名词性从句的翻译 1It was natural that now the conversation turned to the tragic events that had taken place a month before 2It is well-known that lung cancer is caused at least in part by smoking too much 3Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression 4He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others 5I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10oclock in the morning 八、翻译下列句子，注意定语从句的翻译 1He liked his sister，who was warm and pleasant， but he did not like his brother，who was aloof and arrogant 2The emphasis was helped by the speakers mouth，which was wide，thin and hard set 3On the desk was a carefully covered typewriter which she knew how to run，but used only for the most important documents 4When I think of this rumor，hardly can I express the emotions which seize me 5They redecorated the living-room，using a light modern paper which seemed to make the room bigger，and hung new curtains 九、把下列被动句子翻译成英语 1Once the price for the land is agreed on，we can go ahead with the building project 2The bridge had been washed away by floods and the fields were covered by water 3The Panama Canal was built at the cost of three hundred and fifty million dollars 4It can be inferred that young mothers would try to keep their children away from the old because they didnt want their children to have anything to do with the old 5Nowadays，the movement of a watch can be so precisely fixed and controlled that people can get very accurate time readings 十、把下列状语从句翻译成汉语 1Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact，he stuck to his opinion 2Liquids are different from solids in that liquids have no definite form 3Anyone may point out the shortcomings in our work no matter who he is 4The murderer ran away as fast as he could，so that he might not be caught red-handed 5We issued these instructions in writing，for fear that a spoken message might be misunderstood 十一、翻译下面的句子，注意数词的翻译 1In our area now the industrial output value is seven times that before the reform 2The enemys force trebles our own，but we have wiped out the enemy 3The speed exceeds the average speed by a factor of55 4The population of China now is again as great as that before liberation 5The volume of the earth is 49times larger than that of the moon 十二、采用顺译、倒译、分译或综合等方法把下面长句翻译成汉语 1When Im having trouble with a story and think about giving up，when I start to feel sorry for myself and think things should be easier for me， roll a piece of paper into that cranky old machine and type，word by painful word，just the way Mother did 2My mind went numb when I saw the gun pointing against the window as we pulled out the garage：This cannot be happening to me 3But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible，but more crucial，psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life 4There is no doubt that the work and influence on John Ruskin and William Morris were the seeds that fertilized our spirit，that aroused out activity and brought about the complete renewal of ornament and the forms of decorative art 5Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because it has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile一、翻译下列句子，注意词义的选择 1议会将在下周讨论国有化问题。 2杂志的这一期圣诞专刊在封面上有一些圣诞歌咏者的图片。 3新近发行了一套纪念皇室婚礼的邮票。 4他的行动十分有规律性，你甚至可以根据他来对表。 5她脸上露出公式化的笑容向她的来宾打了招呼。 二、翻译下列句子，注意根据上下文及逻辑关系对斜体词作必要的引申 1写这样一封生气的信简直是毫无道理。 2去麦当劳餐厅就餐，八年来已成为他生活中常做的事情。 3那个箱子又大又笨重，装的都是书；不过他随身带的箱子却是另一回事。 4遗憾的是，我们的呼吁没有得到响应。 5这种行为是各国公认的强盗行径。 三、用增词法翻译下列句子 1一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就起飞了。 2我喜欢旧金山的天气超过我住过的其他地方。那儿从不下雪，而且即使在7、8月天气也很少热。3即使你努力，也不会一个星期就做完。 4有的植物在某些地区长得好，到了其他地区就长不好，因为它们无法适应不同的气候。 5这种力量大得足以打破自满情绪。 四、用省略法翻译下列句子 1但我就是这个脾气，虽然几经努力，却始终未能改变。 2新中国处处可以看到新人、新事物。 3她轻轻地把手放在他的胳膊上，好像表示感谢。 4他耸耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天，一句话不说。 51944年6月6日，欧洲战局基本已见分晓，希特勒败局已定，盟军才终于迟迟开辟西线战场。 五、用重复法翻译下列句子1他们非常不愿意推迟这个会议或取消这个会议。2我们瞥见了最前面的几匹马，还瞥见了一个骑马的人消失在雨中。 3他和他的过去断绝了一切联系，和旧的习惯也断绝了一切联系。 4他们为这次考试所作的准备，其周密细致的程度，同他们为较大的考试所作的准备一样。 5但我的事现在已经搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。 六、用转译法翻译下列句子 1他们对大象耳闻已久，却从来未看过；因为，眼睛瞎了，怎么看呢？ 2从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。 3自从喷气式飞机出现后，旅行的速度加快了。 4使用电子计算机可以大大提高劳动生产率。 5他读起书来，不分昼夜，废寝忘食。 七、翻译下列句子，注意名词性从句的翻译 1现在把话题转到一个月以前在那里发生的惨案上，这是很自然的事。（主语从句） 2众所周知，肺癌至少部分是由于吸烟过多引起的。（主语从句） 3他此行的所见所闻给他留下了深刻的印象。（主语从句） 4他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不止他一个人，还有其他许多人。（宾语从句） 5我向他们讲清楚了的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。（宾语从句） 八、翻译下列句子，注意定语从句的翻译 1他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。 2讲话人那又阔又薄又紧绷的嘴巴，帮助他加强了语气。 3桌子上放着一台盖得严严实实的打字机，她会用，可是仅仅在打最重要的文件时才用。 4我考虑这件谣言时，一种感情攫住了我，却又难以表达。 5他们重新装饰了起居室，用时兴的浅色墙纸糊了墙，似乎使屋子看起来大了许多，还挂上了新窗帘。 九、把下列被动句子翻译成英语 1土地价格一旦商定，我们便可以着手进行我们的建设项目。 2洪水冲毁了桥梁，淹没了庄稼。 3开通巴拿马运河耗资三亿五千万美元。 4可以推断出来，因为不想让孩子们与老年人有任何联系，年轻的母亲会尽力不让他们与老年人有什么接触。 5现在，手表运转的设定和控制是非常精确的，因此报时十分准确。 十、把下列状语从句翻译成汉语 1他深信这件事正确可靠，因此固执己见。 2液体和固体的不同在于液体没有固定的形状。 3任何人都可以指出我们工作中的缺点，不管他是谁。 4凶手尽快逃跑了，以免被人当场抓住。 5我们发出书面通知，以免口信引起误解。 十一、翻译下面的句子，注意数词的翻译 1现在，我们地区的工业产值是改革前的七倍。 2敌人的兵力是我方的三倍，但是我们消灭了敌人。 3该速度超过平均速度四倍半。 4现在中国的人口比解放前多了一倍。 5地球的体积为月球的四十九倍。 十二、采用顺译、倒译、分译或综合等方法？把下面长句翻译成汉语 1每当我写文章遇到困难想打退堂鼓时，或是自叹不走运时，我就往那台破旧的打字机里卷进一张纸，像母亲当年一样，一个字一个字地吃力地打着。 2我们刚把车开出车库，我就看见那支手枪顶住了车窗玻璃，我的脑子顿时麻木了：这种事不可能落到我头上啊。 3但是我们对工作在促进精神生活方面所起的作用，则知之甚少。这方面的作用难以捉摸，却更加至关重要，它是人生过得充实还是空虚的决定性因素。 4毫无疑问，J罗斯金和W莫里斯的工作和影响是丰富我们精神的种子，促进了我们的活动，导致了装饰品和装饰艺术形式的彻底更新。 5但老鼠因嗅到了粮堆里可疑的气味而不再吃粮时，这就涉及到记忆。翻译练习一（英译汉）：一、将下列句子译成汉语：1. Its more a poem than a picture.2. He drank himself out of the best lines.3. He pretends to be as modest as anything.4. Fire goes wherever it can, but it prefers to follow a draft.5. The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it.6. Taking care to pitch my voice to politeness, I asked about the next bus to Hattiesburg.7. If you feel depressed at a social gathering, keep it a secret.8. The bacteria pneumonia may complicate influenza at both extremes of age.9. He wants a lawyer who understands his case, who sympathizes with him and who has been there himself.10. World-famous for his works he was never personally well known, for throughout his life he avoided publicity.11. She couldnt have come at a better time.12. She has been a widow only six months.13. I believe the speech was needlessly stubborn.14. The Macedonian argument has a Greek dimension too.15. The Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality.16. From a physical standpoint, there ought to be as many colours as there are different wave lengths.17. But the next century well be able to alter our DNA radically, encoding our visions and vanities while concocting new life-forms.18. As a human being, we should demonstrate our intellectual and moral superiority by respecting others for who they are - instead of rejecting them for who/what they are not. 19. He who idles away the time is nothing but a living death.20. No greater misfortune befalls a country than to be governed by a tyrant.21. He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.22. The expectation of collision informed British frontier policy in this period.23. Every day now, the suppression of truth and the organizing of public ignorance shame journalism.24. I walked to the ticket counter. When the ticket-seller saw me, her otherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so.25. Accident may put a decisive blunderer in the right, but eternal defeat and miscarriage must attend the man of the best parts, if cursed with indecision.26. In their rush, these companies have neglected the hardest part of doing business in China: the people part. The result is that many have jeopardized their performance in the long run. 27. Let it deceive them, then, a little longer; it can not deceive them too much.28. We shall never get anywhere with all the criticism and fault finding. I believe in the principle Live and let live.29. He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his word after losing several games. 30. I had read too many novels and had learned too much at school not to know a good deal about love. 31. In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than 60 percent efficiency.32. Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in advertisement any more than he expects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and serious faults. 33. There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman) to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. 34. We are human and human beings are far from perfect. To be human implies that we will make mistakes. But its more than that we feel human. We now feel entitled. 35. She showered us with telegrams. 36. Your comment is more bravely made than correct.37. The man, more dead than alive, was brought in and locked in the cellar.38. Civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.39. There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them.40. It was a dry, cold hand, and the grip was severe, with more a feeling of bones in it than friendliness. 二、将下列语段译成汉语：1. Transplant surgeons work miracles. They take organs from one body and integrate them into another, granting the lucky recipient a longer, better life. Sadly, every year thousands of other people are less fortunate, dying while they wait for suitable organs to be found. The terrible constraint on organ transplantation is that every life extended depends on the death of someone young enough and healthy enough to have organs worth transplanting. Such donors are few. The waiting lists are long, and getting longer.2. Freedom from this constraint is the dream of every transplant surgeon. So far attempts to make artificial organs have been disappointing: nature is hard to mimic. Hence the renewed interest in trying to use organs from animals.3. Doctors in India have just announced that they have successfully transplanted a heart from a pig into a person. Pressure to increase the number of such xenotransplants（异种器官移植）seems to be growing. In Europe and America, herds of pigs are being specially bred and genetically engineered for organ donation. During 1996 at least two big reports on the subject - one in Europe and one in America - were published. They agreed that xenotransplants were permissible on ethical grounds，and cautiously recommended that they be allowed. Americas Food and Drug Administration has already published draft guidelines for xenotransplantation.4. The ethics of xenotransplantation are relatively unworrying. People already kill pigs both for food and for sport; killing them to save a human life seems, if anything, easier to justify.However, the science of xenotransplantation is much less straightforward.5. Ill never forget the feeling I got one winter night as I walked the deserted streets after many grueling hours at the hospital. I suddenly realized that I no longer felt tense or tired. All the worries about my patients illnesses, as well as my own personal cares, seemed to evaporate as quickly as the smoky vapor of my breath in the frosty night.As I incorporated walking into my schedule, not only were my spirits lifted, but my weight and blood pressure were gradually reduced. I began reviewing the medical literature on walking. From this research, and my clinical observations as a family physician, I found that it is possible to walk your way to better health, a trimmer body and a longer life - no matter what your age. （翻译练习一 英译汉）参考答案：一、将下列句子译成汉语：1. 与其说那是一幅画，不如说那是一首诗。2. 他借酒写得好诗句。3. 他装得极为谦虚。4. 火是无孔不入的，可是它更爱窜入通风的地方。5. 循声而去，便轻而易举地找到了那间屋子。6. 我陪着小心，用温和的口吻询问开往哈蒂斯堡下一斑车的情况。7. 在社交场合，你就是感到情绪压抑，也不要表露出来。8. 患有流感的幼儿和老人可能并发细菌性肺炎。9. 他要找一位了解他的案情，同情他的处境，并有过亲身经历的人当他的律师。10.他的著作举世闻名，而他个人却一直默默无闻，因为他一生始终避免抛头露面。 11. 她来得正是时候。12. 她的丈夫去世至今不过半年。13. 我认为那篇讲话口气强硬，大可不必。14. 马其顿之争同希腊也有关系。15. 英国人同其他民族一样，也有丰富的感情。16. 从物理学的观点来看，不同的波长有多少种，颜色就有多少种。17. 但下个世纪我们将能根本改变DNA，能在构建新的生命时把我们的种种想象、种种出于虚荣的要求，都编入遗传密码。18. 作为人，我们应该不问他人的身份如何都尊重他们，从而显示出自己高超的智慧和道德，而不要因为他们没有某种身份或地位而去卑视他们。 19. 虚度年华者，虽生犹死。20. 国之大难莫过于暴君当道。21. 他有一种习惯让人受不了，意见反复不定，一会儿一个变化。22. 英国预计到了将会发生冲突，并据此对这一时期的边境政策作了调整。23. 现在，天天都在隐瞒真相，愚弄公众，这种做法是新闻界的耻辱。24. 我走到售票台。女售票员一看见我，她那原本颇为动人的脸刷地一沉，变得怒气冲冲。25. 出错者若处事果断，仍可意外取得成功；才干出众者若优柔寡断，必然屡屡失误。 26这些公司在一拥而入之中忽略了在中国经营最艰巨的问题，即人的问题，结果许多公司严重损害了他们的远期经营业绩。27. 那就让这事再骗他们一会儿吧，无论怎样骗他们都不算过分。28. 这一套批评挑剔的做法是行不通的。我相信“互相容忍”的原则。29. 他说打网球没人打得过他，但输了几场之后，他只好承认自己说错了。30. 我读过很多小说，在学校里所见所闻也不少，对于爱情自然就知道得很多。31. 事实上，有位办公制度专家最近说过，他还没见到过有哪个办公场所的工作效率高于百分之六十。32. 有头脑的人谁也不会指望求职者说出自己的缺点和严重过错，同样，也不会指望广告里说的全是真话。33. 对于外国人（甚至包括英国人）来说，要欣赏丰富多采的英语，最好的办法也许就是学习莎士比亚使用英语的各种方法。34. 我们是凡人，而凡人远非十全十美。作为凡人就是说我们会犯错误。但是，我们觉得自己是凡人不仅仅由于我们会犯错误。我们如今感到有权利犯错误。 35. 她的电报纷至沓来。36. 你的评论勇敢有余，正确不足。37. 那人被半死不活地带进地窖关了起来。38. 谦恭不是软弱，真诚总须凭据。39. 这个方案富于创造性，独出心裁，很有魄力，所以他们都很满意。40. 那是一只干瘪冰冷的手，紧紧的一握，只让人觉得摸到一把骨头，并没有感受到什么友情。二、将下列语段译成汉语：1. 器官移植医生身手不凡。他们从一人体内取出器官移植到另一人体内，让幸运的器官接受者延长寿命改善生活。可惜的是，每年还有成千上万的人却没有那么幸运，他们等不及找到合适的器官就死去了。器官移植的最大制约是，每延长一个人的生命一定要有另一个人的死亡，而且这个人必须年青健康其器官具有移植价值。这样的器官供体很少，而等待移植的人数却很多，而且越来越多。2. 解除这种制约是每个器官移植医生的希望。迄今为止，制作人造器官的种种努力结果不尽人意，因为天地间万物很难仿造。于是，人们又对设法利用动物器官产生了兴趣。 3. 印度的医生刚宣布一条消息，他们把猪的心脏移植于人体已经取得成功。看来人们越来越迫切要求增加这种异体器官的移植。欧洲和美国正在专门培育大批的猪经遗传工程处理后用于提供器官。1996年这一课题至少发表了两篇重要报告，一篇在欧洲，一篇在美国。两篇报告一致认为异种器官移植在伦理上是可行的，并审慎地建议应准予施行。美国的食品和药物管理局已经公布了异种器官移植的管理原则草案。4. 异种器官移植的伦理问题相对来说不用操心。人们为了食用和娱乐已经在杀猪了，看来杀诸为了救人一命怎么说也更容易证明是合情合理的。然而，异种器官移植科学远非如此简单。 5. 一个冬夜，经过了医院里好几个小时精疲力竭的工作后我漫步在空旷无人的大街上，那种感觉永远都无法忘却。我一下子发现自己不再感到紧张疲劳。什么病人的病情、个人的烦恼，似乎就像寒夜中呼出的热气，一下子都烟消云散了，我把散步纳入了每天的日程，不仅精神振作了，而且体重和血压也逐渐下降了。我开始查阅有关散步的医学文献。通过研究，还通过从事家庭保健医生工作中的临床观察，我发现，无论年龄大小，散步都能健身瘦身，延年益寿。 【翻译训练】2010年中级口译考试翻译部分英译汉练习The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a houseall these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possibleindeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture.任何社会的文化一般都被分为两类： 物质文化和非物质文化。 物质文化包括具有高度、宽度和重量等物理属性的人为现象。 /船、机器和房屋所有这些东西都被归为物质文化的一部分。 非物质文化则是人类所处环境的一部分，它影响着人类的行为却缺乏上述的那些物质属性，非物质文化是人作为社会一员所创立和获得的价值观、信仰、传统观念及一切其他习惯和思想。当代社会学理论在选择说要研究的问题时，往往侧重于非物质文化。比如，社会学理论认为船、飞机、汽车等物品的重要性远不如人们为制造这些东西确切地说是为规定其使用方法而形成的传统观念的重要性。 当代社会学所强调的是，不若是先有了能孕育物质文化的非物质文化，物质文化就无从产生。汉译英1995年10月，黄浦江上又一座大桥凌空飞架，将浦南与奉贤连接起来，成为继徐浦、南浦、杨浦三座大桥之后建成通车的第四座大桥奉浦大桥。奉浦大桥是首座由地方筹资兴建的黄浦江大桥，奉贤县与市区有关部门和企业共同集资4.46亿元，仅用1年零7个月的时间即胜利建成。大桥的建成解决了长期困扰奉贤与浦南地区的过江问题，同时还改善了该地区的投资环境，为杭州湾北岸的开发、建设打下了良好的基础。金秋10月的黄浦江畔，徐浦、南浦、杨捕、奉浦四座大桥沐浴着金秋阳光，各显神姿，交相辉映，为上海这座充满生机与魅力的国际大都市增添了更加夺目的风采。不久的将来，上海还将建造更多的过江设施，把浦江两岸更紧密地连结在一起。【参考译文】In October 1995, another bridge flew to span the Huangpu River, connecting Punan with Fengxian. It is Fengpu Bridge, the fourth bridge over the river open to traffic after the Xupu, Nanpu and Yangpu Bridge.Completed in 19 months, Fengpu Bridge is the first locally financed bridge over the river, with the funds of 446 million yuan raised by Fengxian County and departments and enterprises concerned in the municipal government. The completion of the br