安徽省2014版高考英语 第二部分 能力进阶篇一 完形填空.ppt

第二部分 能力进阶篇 一、完形填空,A (2013新课标全国卷记叙文) I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to make us more 1 the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to“ 2 a disability”for several hours one Sunday. Some members, 3 , chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs(耳塞)or blindfolds(眼罩).,Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 4 experience. I had never considered before how 5 it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 6 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 7 . Then I wondered where to put my 8 . It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 9 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 10 for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair”is not a temporary(临时的) 11 .,I tried to find a 12 position and thought it might be restful, 13 kind of nice, to be 14 around for a while. Looking around, I 15 I would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I 16 the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 17 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 18 task.,My wheelchair experiment was soon 19 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of“disability”gave me only a taste of the 20 , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.,【文章大意】本文作者作为一个健康的人参加了一个体验残疾人遇到的困难的团体活动, 在这个活动中体会到了残疾人的不易。,1. A. curious about B. interested in C. aware of D. careful with 【解析】选C。词义辨析题。此处指这个活动让我们更了解残疾人面对的问题。curious about对好奇; interested in对感兴趣; aware of知道; careful with对细心。,2. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze 【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据下一段的adopting a wheelchair可知选C。cure治疗; prevent阻止; adopt采用, 收养; analyze分析。 3. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me 【解析】选D。前后照应题。根据下文可知作者选了轮椅, 所以此处指像我一样的一些人选择了轮椅。like me像我一样。,4. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing 【解析】选A。前后照应题。因为这次的活动是让人们更了解残疾人遇到的困难, 所以此处指坐在轮椅上是一次学习(learning)的体验。satisfy使满意, 满足; relax放松。,5. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting 【解析】选B。前后照应题。根据下文作者在坐轮椅时遇到的困难可知, 此处指作者以前没有想到使用轮椅会是这样不方便。convenient方便的; awkward造成困难、尴尬或不便的; boring令人厌烦的; exciting令人激动的。,6. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight 【解析】选D。背景常识题。作者一坐到轮椅上, 轮椅就移动了。根据常识可知, 应该是一个人的体重使它移动。height高度; force暴力, 部队; skill技能, 技巧; weight重量。故选D。 7. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped 【解析】选A。前后照应题。根据上一句提到的轮椅移动, 说明轮子没有被固定在某处。lock锁, 使固定; repair修理; power提供动力; grasp抓住。,8. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles 【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据下一句中的footrest(脚凳)可知。 9. A. place B. action C. play D. effect 【解析】选A。固定搭配题。句意: 我用了很长时间才使脚凳处于适当的位置。into place处于适当的位置; into action付诸实施; into play发生作用; into effect开始使用。,10. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production 【解析】选C。词义辨析题。根据上下文可知, 作者坐的这把轮椅是他要用几个小时的交通工具。operation操作; communication交流; transportation交通工具; production生产, 产量。,11. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment 【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据最后一段的My wheelchair experiment可知选C。exploration勘查; education教育; experiment实验; entertainment娱乐。,12. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable 【解析】选D。前后照应题。根据restful(使人感到悠闲的, 闲适宁静的)可知此处选comfortable(舒适的)。flexible灵活的; safe安全的; starting开始的。,13. A. yet B. just C. still D. even 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。此处指被推一会儿是使人感到悠闲的甚至(even)是不错的。,14. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided 【解析】选B。固定搭配题。show sb. around领某人参观; push sb. around推着某人到四处去; drive sb. around开车送某人到各地; guide sb. around领某人到各处。根据下一句中的I would have to handle the thing myself可知此处指作者想让其他人推着他。故选B。,15. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted 【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意: 向四周看了看, 我意识到(realize)我不得不自己做这件事。suggest建议; agree同意; admit承认。 16. A. lifted B. turned C. pressed D. seized 【解析】选B。背景常识题。我们都知道残疾人是用双手转动轮子的, 所以选B。lift举起; turn转动; press压, 按; seize抓住。,17. A. path B. position C. direction D. way 【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意: 我开始明白控制轮椅的方向(direction)是很难的。 18. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra 【解析】选A。词义辨析题。根据上下文可知, 作者通过这次体验, 知道了控制轮椅的方向不是容易的事情。故选A。,19. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。此处指这次体验不久就结束了。forget忘记; repeat反复; conduct指挥; finish完成。 20. A. weaknesses B. challenges C. anxieties D. illnesses 【解析】选B。背景常识题。根据常识可知残疾人必须克服的是体力和精神上的挑战。challenge挑战; weakness缺点; anxiety焦虑; illness疾病。,B (2013北京高考夹叙夹议文) A Leap(跳跃)to Honor Leaping on a narrow balance beam(平衡木)is not easy. But Lola Walter, a 13-year-old gymnast, is an expert at it. To perfect her skills, Lola 1 for four hours a day, five days a week. At the state championships in March, she finished seventh out of 16 girls.,Thats especially impressive, 2 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift(移动)constantly. She often sees double and cant 3 how far away things are. When she was little, her mom 4 that even though she couldnt see 5 , she was fearless. So her mom signed her up for gymnastics when she was three. She loved the 6 right away and gymnastics became her favorite.,Though learning gymnastics has been more 7 for her than for some of her teammates, she has never quit. She doesnt let her 8 stop her from doing anything that she wants to.,She likes the determination it takes to do the sport. Her biggest 9 is the balance beam. Because she has double vision, she often sees two beams. She must use her sense of touch to help her during her routine. Sometimes she even closes her eyes. “You have to 10 your mind that itll take you where you want to go. ”says Lola.,To be a top-level gymnast, one must be brave. The beam is probably the most 11 for anyone because its four inches wide. At the state competition, Lola didnt fall 12 the beam. In fact, she got an 8. 1 out of 10her highest score yet. Lola doesnt want to be 13 differently from the other girls on her team. At competitions, the judges dont know about her vision 14 . She doesnt tell them, because she doesnt think they need to know. Her mom is amazed by her 15 attitude.,Lola never thinks about 16 . She is presently at level 7 while the highest is level 10 in gymnastics. Her 17 is to reach level 9. She says she wants to be a gymnastics coach to pass down what shes learned to other kids 18 she grows up. Lola is 19 of all her hard work and success. She says its helped her overcome problems in her life outside gymnastics, too. Her 20 for others is“just believe in yourself”.,【文章大意】Lola Walter, 一位13岁的体操运动员, 尽管视力有问题却凭着坚强的毅力和坚持不懈的奋斗实现着自己的梦想。,1. A. runs B. teaches C. trains D. dances 【解析】选C。前后照应题。为了使自己的技能完美, 她每周“训练”五天, 每天“训练”四小时。 2. A. since B. unless C. after D. though 【解析】选A。语法结构题。前后为因果关系, since表示“由于”。,3. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict 【解析】选A。词义辨析题。她看东西经常叠影且不能辨别东西的远近。tell表示“分辨”, 符合句意。guess猜测; assume假定; predict预测。 4. A. suspected B. remembered C. imagined D. noticed 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。她很小的时候母亲就“注意到”她无畏的性格。notice注意到, 符合句意。suspect怀疑; remember记住; imagine想象。,5. A. deeply B. well C. ahead D. closely 【解析】选B。前后照应题。由第三段中“. . . she is legally blind. . . ”可知看不清楚, 选择well。 6. A. task B. sport C. event D. show 【解析】选B。词汇复现题。此处的the sport指“体操”。,7. A. boring B. enjoyable C. difficult D. satisfactory 【解析】选C。前后照应题。上文提到她眼睛不好, 自然学习体操比其他人更难。difficult困难的; boring令人厌烦的; enjoyable令人愉快的; satisfactory令人满意的。,8. A. talent B. quality C. nature D. condition 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。她不会让自身的状况阻止她去做自己想做的任何事情。condition状况; talent天赋; quality质量; nature本质。 9. A. doubt B. advantage C. challenge D. progress 【解析】选C。前后照应题。后面解释原因说“她的眼睛看东西叠影, 看到的是两根平衡木”, 故平衡木是她最大的挑战(challenge)。,10. A. examine B. express C. open D. trust 【解析】选D。前后照应题。她因为看东西叠影, 必须借助于触觉, 有时候会闭上眼睛, 她相信感觉会带她去想去的地方。trust相信, 符合语境。 11. A. fearful B. harmful C. unfair D. inconvenient 【解析】选A。前后照应题。后面解释原因“它有四英寸宽”所以应该是吓人的。fearful吓人的; harmful有害的; unfair不公平的; inconvenient不方便的。,12. A. to B. on C. off D. against 【解析】选C。固定搭配题。fall off跌落。 13. A. greeted B. treated C. served D. paid 【解析】选B。词义辨析题。她不想被特殊对待。treat对待; greet招呼; serve服务; pay付款。,14. A. pains B. stresses C. injuries D. problems 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。评委不知道她的视力问题。problem问题, 符合句意。pain疼痛; stress压力; injury伤害。 15. A. positive B. friendly C. flexible D. cautious 【解析】选A。词义辨析题。此处表达她积极的心态。positive积极的, 肯定的, 符合语境。friendly友好的; flexible灵活的; cautious谨慎的。,16. A. defending B. quitting C. winning D. bargaining 【解析】选B。前后照应题。根据上下语境可以判断她从来没想过放弃(quit)。 17. A. standard B. range C. view D. goal 【解析】选D。前后照应题。最高级别是十级, 她现在是七级, 那么九级就是她的目标。goal目标; standard标准; range范围; view观点。,18. A. until B. as C. when D. before 【解析】选C。语法结构题。当她长大的时候她想当一名体操教练, 把她学到的东西传给其他的孩子。when表示“当时候”; until直到; as强调前后两个动作同时发生; before在之前。 19. A. proud B. tired C. ashamed D. confident 【解析】选A。固定搭配题。她为自己的努力和成功感到骄傲。be proud of为感到骄傲。,20. A. plan B. advice C. reward D. responsibility 【解析】选B。词义辨析题。“相信自己”是她对其他人的建议。advice建议; plan计划; reward奖赏; responsibility责任。,C (2013安徽高考议论文) If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a 1 reason, such as your job or your studies? 2 perhaps youre interested in the 3 , films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a 4 of the language.,Most people learn best using a variety of 5 , but traditional classes are an ideal(理想的)start for many people. They 6 an environment where you can practice under the 7 of someone whos good at the language. We all lead 8 lives and learning a language takes 9 . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a 10 . It doesnt matter if you havent got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes 11 .,Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “Im too 12 , ”they say. Yes, children do learn languages more 13 than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any 14 . And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. Ive also heard people 15 about the mistakes they make when 16 . Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes 17 youre much less likely to make them again.,Learning a new language is never 18 . But with some work and devotion, youll make progress. And youll be 19 by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in 20 own language. Good luck! 【文章大意】本文主要阐述了学习一门新的语言的原因、方法等。,1. A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。由后面的解释“例如, 你的工作或你的学业”可知你是为了一个实用的理由才需要学习一门新的语言的, 故选C。technical技术的; political政治的; physical物理的。 2. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or 【解析】选D。句式结构题。本句表达的意思是和上文并列的, 故选D。,3. A. literature B. transport C. agriculture D. medicine 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知, 所填词与后面的films和music并列, 被of a different country修饰, 电影或音乐指的是文学方面的, 故选A。transport交通, 运输; agriculture农业; medicine医学。,4. A. view B. knowledge C. form D. database 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。文章第一句就说到learn a new language, 下文又多次提到learn a language可推断出这里应为对语言的掌握, have a knowledge of掌握, 了解, 符合句意。,5. A. paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers 【解析】选C。词语辨析题。大多数人使用各种方法效果不错, 但是传统的课堂对许多人来说还是一个理想的开始。method方法, 符合句意; painting画; regulation规定; computer电脑。,6. A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。这里指传统的课堂给我们提供了能够练习的环境, 故选D。provide提供, 符合语境; protect保护; change改变; respect尊敬。,7. A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure 【解析】选C。词语辨析题。在这种环境中, 你能在擅长这门语言的人的指导下练习。under the guidance of在的指导下; under the control of在的控制下; under the command of在的命令下; under the pressure of在的压力下。,8. A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal 【解析】选A。背景常识题。现代生活节奏较快, 故大家过着忙碌的生活。 9. A. courage B. time C. energy D. place 【解析】选B。词汇复现题。学习语言需要花费时间, 由下文Becoming fluent in a language will take years. . . 可知主要是从时间的角度来阐述学习语言的。,10. A. theory B. business C. routine D. project 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。上句说到你只有经常学习, 才能取得更多的成功, 因此要把学习形成一种习惯, 你才能达到目的。routine常规, 习惯, 符合句意。,11. A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。前面说“语言要说得流利将会花费数年的时间”, 由but这一转折词可知, 后面表示的应该是“而只要求说得过去, 时间却可以少得多”, 故选B。,12. A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。后面把孩子学习语言和成年人做比较, 故这里表示的是一些人开始学习语言, 不久就放弃了, 他们说的理由就是: 我年龄太大不适合学语言了。 13. A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly 【解析】选B。背景常识题。孩子们比成年人学习语言更快。,14. A. age B. speed C. distance D. school 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。研究已经表明你能在任何年龄学习一门语言。but前面讲的就是学习语言的年龄问题, 故选A。 15. A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。我还听说人们担心学习语言的时候会犯错误。worry about担心; hesitate犹豫; think about考虑; quarrel about争吵。,16. A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning 【解析】选D。词汇复现题。本文讲的就是学习语言的事情, 文中多次出现原词learn。 17. A. if B. and C. but D. before 【解析】选B。句式结构题。这里考查的是“祈使句+and+陈述句”这一固定句型, 故选B。,18. A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据But之后的内容“只要努力和投入, 就会取得进步”可知此处所表达的意思是: 学习一门新的语言绝对不容易, 故选D。,19. A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed 【解析】选B。词语辨析题。be amazed by对吃惊; be blamed by被责备; be interrupted by被打断; be informed by被告知。这里指你会对一些人的良好反应感到吃惊, 故选B。 20. A. their B. his C. our D. your 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。代替some peoples应用their, 故选A。,热点考向 1 词汇复现 1. 涵盖内容: 原词、同(近)义词、反义词、同源词、概括词复现等。 2. 解题技巧: 一抓中心: 解题时不要急于求成, 应抓住文章的中心思想(围绕的话题文章中出现频率最高的词) 二找复现: 充分利用上下文信息词, 找到有助于判定正确答案的有提示作用的词句(如原词、同义词、反义词、概括词等),【典例】 (2013湖南高考)When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase 36 (packed)and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “Im leaving. ” “If you want to 37 , thats all right, ”she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way. ”I 38(threw) my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again. 37. A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away,【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2013辽宁高考)At the age when she gained some 40(basic)skill and sensibility(识别力), she 41(begged) her mother for a bike ride 42(outside) the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go, 43(insisting on) her keeping close to the house and not 44 too far. 44. A. traveling B. running C. riding D. walking 【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据上文she 41(begged)her mother for a bike ride 42(outside)the garden. 可知。,2. (2012北京高考)“Mama, when I grow up, Im going to be one of those!”I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. It was the first time that my 36 took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was 37(exposed) to more, my interests in the world of dance 38(certainly) varied but that little girls dream of someday becoming a 39 in the company never left me. . .,36. A. hobby B. plan C. dream D. word 【解析】选C。由最后一句的that little girls dream of someday becoming. . . 可知, 那时我的梦想(dream)第一次有了清晰的呈现。 39. A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer 【解析】选D。由第一句“Mama, when I grow up, Im going to be one of those!”I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform when I was three. 中的Dancing可知, 我的梦想是成为一名舞蹈演员(dancer)。,热点考向 2 前后照应 1. 涵盖内容: 关联, 时间线索, 总分结构对照分析。 2. 解题技巧: 一析结构: 总分之间的基本关系是互相支持, 互相印证的对照关系, 总述是对分述的总结和概括, 而分述是对总述的展开。当一些未知填空出现在总述句时, 相关联的已知线索往往可以在与其对应的分述部分找到。,二判逻辑: 关联是完形文章中经常出现的一种结构, 即将两个或两个以上的同类别词语, 比如两个动词、两个形容词以连续排比的结构出现。在这种情况下, 两个关联词汇在句子中的语法地位一样, 且常常起一样的语法作用, 它们之间又明显具有某种逻辑关系。在解题时要通过分析逻辑关系来破解未知词语。 三查线索: 完形文章中出现的时间信息一般都是非常有用的线索, 只要通过分析这些时间线索就可以很快把握与这些时间线索联系在一起的信息之间的关系。,【典例】 (2013山东高考)I think my 38(change) started when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 39(degree)and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever 40(talked) to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really 41 . It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) 42(experiment). I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 43(offered) to help. That was really a big,44(step)for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 45(them) are still my best friends today. 41. A. careful B. lonely C. curious D. guilty,【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2013新课标全国卷)On winter days, Mr. Greenberg 46(gives away) gloves. During the rest of the year, he 47(buys) gloves. People who have heard about him 48 him gloves, and he has many in his apartment(公寓). 48. A. call B. send C. lend D. show 【解析】选B。前后照应题。由下文and he has many in his apartment可知听说他的故事的人们就给他寄去手套。,2. (2012福建高考)One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I 47(stated) my destination. The driver acknowledged my 48(instructions) but did not move off. Instead, he looked 49(fixedly) at me. “Raddar? ”he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号). I was astonished at being so 50(familiarly) addressed(称呼). Unexpectedly! It was Ismail! Even after two 51 we still recognized each other. Grasping his shoulder, I felt a true affection, something 52(hard) to describe.,51. A. departures B. months C. years D. decades 【解析】选D。由文章第二段和本段首句One spring afternoon in 1983可知是二十多年了, 故选decades。,热点考向 3 固定搭配 1. 涵盖内容: 动词、副词、形容词、名词和介词等的固定搭配, 尤以动词搭配为主要测试点。 2. 解题技巧: 一记短语: 要解决此类题目, 考生应准确地利用常见的固定搭配。 二知句意: 在把握语篇的基础上理解该句的意义。,【典例】 (2013江西高考)That was why she was alone on the 39(beach), wearing an expensive swimsuit. It had taken a massive tantrum to 40(get)her parents to buy it. They were back at the beach-house, 41(recovering)from the tantrum she had thrown when they told her that it was too dangerous to go diving 42(alone). “Dangerous? ”she had said. “You just dont want me to have 43 . Im going and if you try to stop me, Ill scream. ” 43. A. time B. money C. food D. fun,【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2013浙江高考)The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasnt just to respect the French people 39 to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away. 39. A. and B. but C. or D. so 【解析】选B。固定搭配题。前面的not just决定该空一定是but。,2. (2013陕西高考)The tray, and its contents, 30(fell) on a man who was just about to 31 a bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly 32(shocked) , as the drinks soaked(浸湿)his white shirt. 31. A. take B. taste C. swallow D. chew 【解析】选A。固定搭配题。take a bite of咬一口。taste品尝; swallow吞, 咽; chew咀嚼。,热点考向 4 词义辨析 1. 涵盖内容: 动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词及短语等的辨析。 2. 解题技巧: 一积累词汇和短语: 考生应熟记考纲所规定的词汇, 并尽可能多地掌握常见短语, 特别应注意同义词、近义词及相似句型的区别。 二把握文章中心: 筛选正确词汇或短语, 使其合乎情理。,【典例】 (2013江苏高考)I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage(按揭), credit cards, success. I wanted it and worked toward it like ev