5-形容词与副词形副p.ppt

五、形容词与副词,1、形容词与副词的区别,happy-happily real-really true-truly usual-usually bad-badly loud-loudly lucky-luckily kind-kindly quick-quickly polite-politely slow-slowly easy-easily strong-strongly careful-carefully heavy-heavily successful-successfully terrible-terribly true-truly,1.一般情况下直接加“ly”，如quick-quickly 2.以“y”结尾的,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”，如happy-happily 3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true-truly等。 4. 但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite-politely, wide-widely等。 5.另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.) 此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。,特殊的有5个: 1、friendly(朋友+ly)=友好的(形容词) 2、hard困难的(形容词);努力地,雨大地(副词) hardly几乎不 3、good好的(形容词); well好地(副词) 4、early早的,早地(形容词和副词) 5、fast快的,快地(形容词和副词); 没有fastly 特殊: well 表示身体健康时是形容词. He is feeling well now .,2、形容词与副词在句中的位置,1、be+形容词,I am_ ( happy, happily). He is _ (successful, successfully). Lucy is _ (kind, kindly).,2、形容词+名词,I am a _ student. (happy, happily) He is a _ man. (successful, successfully) Lucy is a _ doctor. (kind, kindly),3、动词+副词,He runs _ (quick, quickly). He studied _. (good, well) He will listen to Tom_. (careful, carefully),happy successful kind,happy successful kind,quickly well carefully,4、特殊的有3种情况:,（1）feel, look, sound, smell, taste, 感觉, 看起来, 听起来, 闻起来, 尝起来 get, become, turn(变得)+形容词,1.I feel _. A. terrible B. terribly C. terriblely 2.He looks_. A. happy B. happily C. sadly 3.It tastes _ . A. badly B. well C. bad 4. Do you feel _ now ? Thanks , Im Ok. A. good B. well C. badly 5. The boy is getting _ A. strong B. strongly C. heavily,A A C B A,（2）something(肯定句), anything (否定,疑问句), everything, nothing +形容词/ 修饰词 eg: something important / anything to eat 一些重要的事情 / 一些吃的东西 nothing difficult / something to do 没有什么困难的 / 一些事情做 （3）enough ( 足够) 放在名词前, 形容词,副词后面 eg : enough time / enough money old enough to / fast enough to My sister is old enough to look afer herself. The teenagers arent serious enough to drive .,He is ill today . So he looks _ A. tired B. happily C. sadly 2. My brother doesnt feel _ today. A. good B. well C. happily 3. The food smells _ . I dont like it A. good B. badly C. bad 4. He writes very _. A. careful B. carefully C. bad 5. I study very_. A. hard B. hardly C. careful 6. The weather gets _ A. warm B. warmly C. coldly 7. Our country is becoming _. A. strong B. strongly C. richly,A B C B A A A,8. Is there _ in the newspaper ? A. something new B. new anything C. anything new 9. There is _ with my bike. It works well. A. nothing wrong B. wrong something C. something wrong 10. He speaks _ for me to understand. A. too slowly B. slowly enough C. enough slowly 11. He runs _ to catch up with me . A. too fast B. quick enough C. quickly enough 12. Im _ I cant say a word A. too happy to B. happy enough that C. so happy that,C A B C C,3、形容词与副词的比较等级,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。 掌握形容词和副词的词形变化规律。 形容词和副词的原级就是原形，比较级和最高级是在原形的基础分为规则和不规则变化。,1、构成不规则变化的单词有10个: eg. good / well better best ill / bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther farthest （指路程） far further furthest （指意义） oldolder / -oldest （指年龄大小） old elder- eldest （指家庭成员长幼）,（一）形容词与副词比较级与最高级的构成,特殊的比较级和最高级 1,good/well - 2,bad/badly/ill - 3,many/much - 4,little - 5,far路程远- 意义深远- 6,old年龄大小- 家庭成员长幼-,better,-the best,worse,-the worst,more,-the most,less,- the least,farther,-the farthest,further,-the furthest,older,-the oldest,elder,-the eldest,2、构成的规则变化有5个： （1）一般在单音节词尾加 er 或 est 原级 比较级 最高级 cold colder coldest high higher highest tall taller tallest quiet quieter quietest,（2）以e结尾的单词只在词尾加-r或-st 原级 比较级 最高级 fine finer finest late later latest nice nicer nicest large larger largest,（3）只有一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词, 先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-er或-est。 big bigger biggest sad-sadder-saddest thin thinner thinnest redredder-reddest fat - fatter - fattest gladgladder-gladdest （4）以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的单词，先改y为i, 再加-er或-est。除early 外，以ly结尾的单词，一般在词前加more / most. easy easier easiest happy happier happiest busy busier busiest early earlier earliest carefully more carefully most carefully,变比较级和最高级 small nice big early heavy,smaller,the smallest,nicer,the nicest,bigger,the biggest,earlier,the earliest,heavier,the heaviest,wet late cold fine red happy early,wetter,the wettest,later,the latest,colder,the coldest,finer,the finest,redder,the reddest,happier,the happiest,earlier,the earliest,（5）多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加 more或 most。 eg. delicious more / most delicious beautiful more / most beautiful interesting more / most interesting important more / most important friendly - more / most friendly quickly-more / most quickly happily-more / most happily,练习：变比较级和最高级 happily- easily- friendly- quickly- carefully- easily- luckily-,more happily,-the most happily,more easily,-the most easily,more friendly,-the most friendly,more quickly,-the most quickly,more carefully,-the most carefully,more heavily,-the most heavily,more luckily,-the most luckily,特殊: early-,interesting- important- popular- beautiful- delicious-,earlier,-the earliest,more interesting,-the most interesting,more important,-the most important,more popular,-the most popular,more beautiful,-the most beautiful,more delicious,-the most delicious, 原级句型：表示两者一样或不一样 1、A与B在某一方面程度相同: as+原级+as eg.1) My friend Kay is as tall as I / me. 我朋友Kay与我一样高。 2) My friend Kay runs as quickly as I / me. Kay与我跑得一样快。 我和她一样外向。 我学习和他一样认真。 2、A在某一方面不及B: Anot as/so+原级+as B. eg.1) My friend Kay isnt as/ so tall as I / me. 2) My friend Kay doesnt run as/so fast as I,（二）形容词、副词比较等级的用法与句型:,比较级句型:表示两者 (人或事物) 的比较 1、A 比较级+ than B. 形容词比较级: (1) I am taller than Tom. (2) My dress is more beautiful than hers. 副词比较级: (1)She studies harder than I/me. (2)John runs faster than his brother. 2、比较级前可加a little / a bit 一点儿, a lot/much得多 /even / still甚至/更加等来修饰。 Im a little / a bit taller than Tom. My dress is even more beautiful than hers. He works a lot / much harder than I (do ).,3、比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越.” 如 ：faster and faster, more and more beautiful， warmer and warmer, more and more important （1）The days are getting longer and longer. （2）The World Cup is getting more and more popular .,4、The +比较级, the+比较级, 表示“越越.” e.g. The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more (you read), the better (you speak). The more you exercise, the healthier you keep.,5、Who / Which+比较级, A or B? e.g. (1) Which is better, drawing or singing? (2) John is the better of the two. (3)Who runs faster, Tom or Kay? (4) Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one? (5)Who is more active, Mary or Kate?,形容词、副词比较等级的练习： (1) I am _ than him ( tall ) (2) It is much _ ( cold ) today. (3)The coat is even _ _(beautiful ) than that one . (