2019版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Festivals around the world李仕才一、阅读理解Im sometimes told，“You have to make your own luck.If you dont try something，how can you succeed？”This is very true for competitions.There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions with great enthusiasm.These people are nicknamed compers.The motivation for being a comper is obvious：its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.These prizes can be small or large：from a box of chocolates to a new car，a trip of a lifetime around the world，or even a new house.Isnt that worth competing for?Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.But one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the UK called Martin Dove.He is a serial comper and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.Martin says：“Ive been a comper for 40 years.Its like admitting some addiction，isnt it？”He gets respect from other compers and also admits，“Some people have called me the Master of Comping，the King of Comping，the Guru of Comping.But its just a word，just a phrase.Its just because I frequently appeared in the media.”For many，winning remains a dream，but they continue to try their luck as theres always a small chance that they might succeed.But what if you do win? Then you have to ask：how am I going to spend all that money? Some people say that “money cant buy you happiness”What do you think?1What does the author mean by“This is very true for competitions”？ACompetitions bring people luck.BOne must be in a competition to win it.CTrying gets people to succeed.DPeople naturally compete with each other.2Who are compers?AThose always standing out in competitions.BThose addicted to entering competitions.CThose often entering competitions for prizes.DThose competing for others recognition.3What does the underlined word“odds”probably mean?APossibility. BInvestment.CImportance. DAdvantage.4What do Martins words suggest?AAny job can offer opportunities.BHe has attracted considerable attention.CPersistence is the key to his success.DHe has set a good example to others.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了一种社会现象：有些人总是热衷于参加各种形式的比赛活动，目的就是获奖。你是否有过类似的经历呢？【难句分析】Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.分析：本句是一个复合句。that offer money prizes是定语从句，修饰先行词competitions。 making the odds of winning very unlikely是现在分词短语作结果状语。译文：当然，提供现金奖励的比赛会吸引成千上万的人参与，这就使得获胜的概率变得很小了。1B考查推理判断。This指的应是前面的“If you dont try something，how can you succeed？”，再结合第二段提到的人们参加比赛赢奖可知，此处指的是对于比赛来说，一个人必须先参与进去然后才有可能赢得比赛，故选B。2C考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions.its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize”可知，compers指的是那些频繁地参加比赛以获取奖品的人。故选C。3A考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句“Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely”并结合常识可知，比赛的奖金是有限的，而参赛的人越多，获奖的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故选A。4B考查推理判断。根据第三段的最后两句及第四段的内容尤其是“gets respect from other compers”“Some people have called me the Master of Comping，the King of Comping，the Guru of Comping.But its just a word，just a phrase.Its just because I frequently appeared in the media”可知，Martin经常参加比赛，而且得到了一些大奖并赢得了其他参赛者的尊重，甚至一些人称其为“参赛大师”、“参赛之王”、“参赛专家”。由此可知，Martin得到了广泛的关注。故选B。二、单句语法填空1(2017北京高考)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, _ easily reach the books on the top shelf.答案：can此处表示能力，要用can。2I think you should apologize to your brother _your rudeness.答案：forapologize to sb. for sth. “因为某事向某人道歉”。3It is surprising that there are still many people in the world _(starve) to death each year.答案：starvingstarve to death “饿死”，people和starve在逻辑上存在主谓关系，故要用starve的现在分词形式，作后置定语。4No official _(permit) has been given for the event to take place.答案：permissionofficial permission “官方许可”，在句中是名词短语作主语。5Forgive others, and you _(forgive)答案：will be forgiven本句是“祈使句，and sb. will do .”句式，本句中forgive和you存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。6The story reminds me _an unforgettable experience I once had.答案：ofremind sb. of sth. “使某人想到某事”。7Contrary to the popular belief _classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicity that only a genius can create.答案：that句中belief为一抽象名词，其后接由that连接的同位语从句进一步解释说明belief。8Id like to express my _(admire) for the courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.答案：admiration由空前的人称代词my可知，此处应用名词admiration “敬佩”。9_was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.答案：ItIt is obvious that . “很明显”。10The judge _(award) him $1,000 in damages.答案：awardedaward在句中是谓语动词，意为“裁定；判给”。三、完形填空Before he sailed round the world single-handed, Francis Chichester had already surprised his friends several times. He had tried to1 round the world but failed. That was in 1931. The years passed. He2 flying and began sailing. He enjoyed it greatly. Chichester was already 58 years old when he won the first solo 3race across the Atlantic. His 4 dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail. His friends and doctors thought it was a(n)5attempt, as he had lung cancer. But Chichester was determined to 6 his plan. In August, 1966, at the age of nearly 65, an age at which many men 7, he began his greatest 8 of his life. Chichester covered 14, 100 miles9 stopping in Sydney, Australia. This was more than twice the distance anyone had previously sailed 10. On shore, he could not walk 11 help. Everybody said the same thing: he had done 12; he must not go any further. 13 he did not listen. After14 in Sydney for a few weeks, Chichester set off once more in spite of lots of 15. The second half of his voyage was by far the more 16 part, during which he sailed round the risky Cape Horn. After succeeding in sailing round Cape Horn, Chichester sent the following radio message to London, “I feel as if I had woken up from a nightmare. Even a wild horse could not drag me down to Cape Horn and that Ocean 17. ”Just before 9 oclock on Sunday evening May 28, 1967, he arrived18 in England, where tens of thousands of people were waiting to welcome him. Queen Elizabeth honored him with a very valuable sword. The whole voyage from 19 and back had covered 28, 500 miles. It had taken him nine 20, of which the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇故事性记叙文。主要讲述Francis Chichester喜欢环游世界。他曾试图环球飞行, 但失败了; 58岁时他赢得了个人帆船横渡大西洋比赛第一名; 在将近65岁时他开始了一生中最了不起的航程, 独自一人航海到好望角, 最终伊丽莎白女王二世授予他一把非常珍贵的剑。1. A. runB. travelC. flyD. ride【解析】选C。单枪匹马驾船环游世界之前, Francis Chichester已经好几次让他的朋友们感到吃惊。他曾试图环球飞行(fly), 但失败了。第二段第二句中有提示。 2. A. picked upB. gave upC. lifted upD. made up【解析】选B。 从上下文语境可知他环球飞行失败后开始航海了。即放弃(give up)了飞行。3. A. sailingB. flyingC. horsingD. running【解析】选A。从上文可知他开始航海了, 而且后面有the Atlantic大西洋。sailing航行。4. A. newB. horribleC. ambitiousD. old【解析】选D。从句意可知他赢得横穿大西洋比赛后, 他以前的(old)周游世界的梦想又回来了。old旧的, 老的, 以前的。old符合题意。5. A. crazyB. reasonableC. acceptableD. hopeless【解析】选A。 因为他患了肺癌, 所以他的医生和朋友都认为他(环球航行) 疯了(crazy)。6. A. find outB. put forwardC. carry outD. bring out【解析】选C。但Chichester决意实施自己的计划。根据句意可知他要实施(carry out)自己的计划。7. A. settle downB. retireC. go sightseeingD. entertain【解析】选B。根据常识可知, 多数人在65岁时已经退休(retire)了。8. A. workB. flightC. taskD. voyage【解析】选D。句意: 他开始了他一生中最伟大的旅程。从上文可知他要航海(voyage)。9. A. afterB. beforeC. untilD. since【解析】选B。Chichester航行了14 100英里才在澳大利亚的悉尼停下来。before在之前, 比早些, 多久才。根据句意, B符合题意。10. A. togetherB. happilyC. aloneD. successfully【解析】选C。句意: 这是以前独自(alone)航行的距离的两倍多。从后面的文章可知是他一人航行的。11. A. withoutB. forC. withD. beyond【解析】选A。句意: 他上了岸后, 如果没(without)别人帮助他连路都不能走。12. A. littleB. allC. muchD. enough【解析】选D。分析句意可知, 每个人都说他已经做得非常好, 足够了。 enough充分, 足够。13. A. Even thoughB. OtherwiseC. ButD. So that【解析】选C。根据语境可知别人认为他做得足够了但他却不听, 前后意思相反, 故用表示转折关系的“但是”。14. A. planningB. workingC. restingD. sailing【解析】选C。从上文可知他是停在悉尼, 在那儿休息(rest)了几周。15. A. helpB. preparationsC. discussionD. objections【解析】选D。从句意可知, Chichester再一次出发, 不顾许多的反对(objection)。16. A. rainyB. dangerousC. interestingD. comfortable【解析】选B。从下文的内容“I feel as if I had woken up from a nightmare”可知是更危险的(dangerous)。17. A. againB. thenC. finallyD. quickly【解析】选A。根据句意可知是说即使是一匹野马再也不能把我拖到好望角和那片海洋上。again表示“再一次”。故选A。 18. A. forwardB. backC. shortlyD. opposite【解析】选B。从下文的“Queen Elizabeth honored him”可知他返回了英国。故back符合题意, 故选B。19. A. EnglandB. AmericaC. FranceD. Australia【解析】选A。从上文可知, 他是从英国出发的, 故选 A。20. A. seasonsB. weeksC. yearsD. months【解析】选D。句意: 全程他花了9个月的时间, 其中航行的时间是226天, 通过分析可知226天是9 个月中的大部分时间。因此按月计算。故选months。四、单句改错1The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in the memory of the dead._答案：去掉memory前的thein memory of “为了纪念”。2Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn out sooner or later._答案：outupturn up “出现；露面”。turn out “证明是；结果是”。3Its possible to hold your breathe for two minutes in practice._答案：breathebreathbreathe是动词，意为“呼吸”，breath是名词，hold ones breath意为“屏住呼吸”。4The Internet gives people the chance to have the information they look forward to delivering to them quickly and cheaply._答案：deliveringdelivered句中“they look forward to”是定语从句，先行词是information。have the information delivered “传递/发送信息”。5Word came the president would be shown around our school._答案：came后加thatWord came that . “消息传来说”。that引导的是同位语从句，虽无意义但是不能省略。五、七选五Ways to Stop Doubting YourselfWhat if I dont pass this test? Are my friends just hanging out with me because they feel bad for me? 1._ Stop! The selfdoubt stops right here. Here are some ways to beat negative selftalk and start believing in yourself.Be Aware.The first step towards overcoming anything is to become aware of it. By becoming aware that we are doubting ourselves, we can sooner confirm it and put a stop to it. As we realize our selfdoubt, we will get quicker at confirming and stopping it. See? 2._ Take a Break.Sometimes it is our mind that goes against us. Whenever you find yourself having doubts, take a break. 3._ Ask yourself what made you get into this goal. It will get you to realize why you started it in the first pl