高考一轮复习（新人教版英语）知识点梳理课件：必修5U.ppt

Unit 4 Making the news 基础落实 .高频单词思忆 1.“Investing in agriculture for food security” is the (主要的) topic of that meeting. 2.There are about 5,000 people (雇用) in the factory. 3.The programme is (为打算的) for children.,chief,employed,intended,4.The court found her (有罪的) of murder. 5.Careless mistakes result from a lack of (专心). 6.Please state your name,age and (职业). 7.She is e for her parents approval. 8.He works for a company that p reference books. 9.The c rate is rising. 10.Its about time we u our software.,guilty,concentration,profession,ager,ublishes,rime,pdated,.重点短语再现 1. 指控某人犯罪 2. 偶然 3. 轮流；依次 4. 应当；认为必须 5. 考虑；回想 6. 与某人约会 7. 期待，盼望 8. 独自 9. 集中精力做某事 10. 说明；查明,accuse sb.of.,by accident,in turn,be supposed to,think about,make an appointment with sb.,look forward to,on ones own,concentrate on sth.,account for,.典型句式运用 1.Not only am I interested in photography,but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.对摄影我不仅仅是感兴趣， 在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。 not only.but (also).意为 “ ”，当not only位于句首 时，句子要 。,考点提炼,不仅而且,倒装,2.Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. 同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下 一个问题。 depending on/upon意为： ， 是现在分词形式用作 状语,相当于according to。此时depending on的逻辑主语 句子的主 语。 与此用法类似的分词短语还有：judging by/from.,considering.,o consideration等。,考点提炼,根据，依靠,方式,不是,3.So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.所以我们安排了一次在这个足球队员和据认 为是向他行贿的那个人之间的采访。 be supposed to意为“ ” “ ；（用于否定句） ”。 但was/were supposed to do sth.或be supposed to have done sth.表示“本应该做或理应做过某 事（而实际未做）”。,考点提炼,应该；必须,允许,被认为,导练互动 重点单词 1.assist Youll find your colleagues very eager to you,. (回归课本P26) 观察思考 They were assisting police with their inquiries. 他们正协助警察调查。 He assisted her to find employment. 他帮助她找工作。 Their presence would assist in keeping the peace. 他们在那儿将有助于维护和平。,assist,归纳总结 assist 。 (1)assist sb.with sth.帮助某人某事 assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist (sb.) in (doing) sth.帮助（某人）做某 事 (2)assistance n.帮助；援助 come to sb.s assistance援助某人 with the assistance of.在帮助下 (3)assistant n.助手，助理;adj.助理的,vi. & vt.,帮助；援助,即学即用 (1)好词典会帮你理解英文。 A good dictionary will English. (2)美国直升机参与了救援。 U.S.helicopters the rescue effort. ,assist you to,understand,assisted in,(3)那位年轻助手第一次协助做实验时非常紧张。 was very nervous when he first performing the experiment. (4)您对这个项目的技术援助大受赞赏。 the project is greatly appreciated.,The young assistant,assisted in,Your technical assistance in,2.concentrate .,so you may be able to on photography later if youre interested. (回归课本P26) 观察思考 She couldnt concentrate on the film. 她无法全神贯注地看这部电影。 The general decided to concentrate his forces near the capital. 这位将军决定把他的部队集中在首都附近。,concentrate,归纳总结 concentrate 。 (1)concentrate sth.on sth./doing sth.专心致志 于某事/做某事 concentrate ones attention on致力于；把 注意力集中在 concentrate on sth.集中精力做某事；全神贯注 于 concentration n.集中；专心,vt. & vi.,专心于；注意；集中,(2)focus ones attention on sth.（=fix ones attention on sth.）集中注意力于 put ones mind in.专心于 apply oneself/ones mind to.专心于 put ones heart into.集中精力 be absorbed in.一心一意于 be lost in.倾心于,即学即用 (1)你必须专注于这个问题。 You must the problem. (2)我们应该致力于改进教育工作。 We should improving education. (3)他把重点放在英语学习上。 He the study of English. (4)我父亲正全神贯注地钓鱼。 My father is .,concentrate your mind/attention on,concentrate all our efforts on,concentrated on,concentrating on fishing,3.defend The law allows people to themselves against a charge. (回归课本P28) 观察思考 The law defends people from wrong. 法律保护人民不受冤屈。 He made a long speech defending his ideas. 他发表了长篇演说为他的见解进行辩护。 We shall defend our island,whatever the cost may be. 不论代价多大，我们都将保卫我们的海岛。,defend,归纳总结 defend v. 。 defend against保卫；抵抗 defend.from.保卫使不受（伤害） protect.from.防止遭受，使免 于 prevent/stop/keep.from.阻止做某事,保护；为辩护,易混辨异 defend,protect,guard (1)defend指用武力或其他措施保护某人/物在面临 危险时不受损害。 (2)protect指利用各种安全防御措施，尽力照顾某 人/物以使其不受伤害。 (3)guard的意思则为“留心守望；警戒”，防止可 能遇到的攻击或侵害。,即学即用 (1)每个孩子都必须学会保护自己免受其他孩子的侵 犯。 Every child must learn to the aggression of other children. (2)依我的观点来看，我们应该尽自己最大的努力， 力所能及地去保护这些古文化遗址。 We should try our best,in my opinion,to do what we can do to .,defend himself,from,protect these ancient,cultural relics,(3)老师要求要做更多的事情来防止学生的眼睛遭受 伤害。 The teacher asked more to be done to being injured. (4)总统及其家人不论去哪儿都有特工人员保护。 The president and his family by secret agents wherever they go.,prevent the students eyes from,are always,guarded,4.inform They must use research to themselves of the missing parts of the story. （回归课本P26） 观察思考 I will inform you if there is any change. 如有变动我会通知你的。 “Hes already left”,she informed us. “他已经走了，”她告诉我们说。,inform,归纳总结 inform 。 inform sb.of/about sth.告知某人某事 inform sb.(that).通知某人 informed adj.了解情况的；见识广的 keep rmed使某人随时了解最新情况,vt.告知；通知,即学即用 (1)随时通知我进展情况。 of any developments. (2)我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。 We regret to your application has been rejected. (3)我得到可靠消息说他们俩明年结婚。 that the couple will marry next year. ,Keep me informed,inform you that,I have been reliably informed,5.case Have you ever had a where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?（回归课本P26） 观察思考 In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. 在某些情况下，人们必须等上好几周才能得到约 见。 The hospital has received a severe case of typhoid. 医院刚接待了一起伤寒重病例。 The case will be heard next week. 此案下周审理。,case,归纳总结 case n.意为： 。 in case以防；倘若 in case of如果；万一 in any case无论如何 in no case决不 in that case在那种情况下 in the case of就而言；至于 as is often the case这是常有的事,情况；病例；案例,注意 in no case置于句首时，句子用部分倒装； in case是连词短语，可以引出条件句，句中用一般 现在时表将来；in case of为介词短语，常与其搭 配的词有fire,rain,danger,difficulty,war等。,即学即用 (1)让窗子关着，以防下雨。 (2)你决不能放弃。 (3)如果发生火灾，请砸碎玻璃。 (4)如果真是那样，那我们就需要更多的员工了。,Keep the windows closed in case it rains.,In no case should you give up.,In case of fire,break the glass.,If that is the case,we need more staff.,6.approve Last of all,the chief editor read it and it.(回归课本P30) 观察思考 Marys parents now approve of her marriage. 玛丽的父母现在同意她结婚。 The committee unanimously approved the plan. 委员会一致通过了计划。,approved,归纳总结 approve 。 （1）approve of sb./sth.赞成/同意某人/某事 approve sth.批准某事 approve of sb.s doing sth.同意某人干某事 （2）approving adj.赞成的，同意的 approval n.赞成，同意 give ones approval to批准 win/earn sb.s approval得到某人赞许 meet with sb.s approval得到某人批准 on approval（商品）试用，包退包换,vt.& vi.,赞同；批准；通过,即学即用 (1)Could I ask if you (赞成这个项目)？ (2)The minister (批准了该建筑计划). (3)He (用微笑 表示赞成). (4)You can join the class (如果你父母同意).,approve of the project,approved the building plan,showed his approval by smiling,if your parents,approve,重点短语与句型 7.depend on Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question what the person says. （回归课本P26） 观察思考 He depends on his parents to take care of the children. 他依靠父母照顾孩子。 Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 孩子们依靠父母供给衣食。,depending on,归纳总结 depend on意为： 。 (1)depend on sb.to do sth.依靠某人做某事 depend on sb.for sth.靠某人供给某物 depend on/upon it that.指望；对深信不疑 (2)That depends./It all depends.视情况而定。,依靠；依赖,即学即用 (1)他知道可以依靠她来应付这种局面。 He knew he could her the situation. (2)我不想过度依靠父母。 I dont want to my parents. (3)我应该不会太迟。不过这取决于交通是否拥挤了。 I shouldnt be too late. if the traffic is bad.,depend on,to deal,with,depend too much on,But it depends,8.accuse of Have you ever had a case where someone your journalists getting the wrong end of the stick? （回归课本P26） 观察思考 She accused him of being late. 她指责他迟到。 The police accused him of theft. 警察控告他偷窃。,accused,of,归纳总结 accuse of意为： 。 accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.指控某人做某事 charge sb.with sth./doing sth.控告某人做某事 blame sb.for sth./doing sth.责备某人做某事,因指责/控告,易混辨异 accuse,charge 两个词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但它们后面所搭配 的介词不同。 (1)accuse vt.指控；控诉，与介词of连用。 (2)charge vt.可以指因为小错而受到责备，也可因 违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。,即学即用 (1)她控告他偷了她的表。 She him stealing her watch. (2)他被控告谋杀。 murder. (3)他被控告偷窃珠宝。 He stealing the jewels.,accused,of,Hes accused of,was charged with,9.so as to A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals let the other team win.(回归课本P26) 观察思考 I finish the work today so as to play football tomorrow. 我今天完成工作是为了明天踢足球。 I bought some vegetables and beef so as to make a soup for dinner. 我买了些蔬菜和牛肉，为的是晚饭用来做汤。,so as to,归纳总结 so as to是副词性短语，to后接不定式，引导 。其否定形式为 。 so as to后接不定式表目的， 置于句首，意为“ ”。so as to的逻辑主语即句子的主 语；so.as to不能表示目的，只表示结果；in order to后接不定式表目的，既可置于句首，也可 置于句中，意为“以便，为了”;so that既可以引 导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句，引导 目的状语从句时，从句中往往出现一个情态动词。,目的状语,so as not to,不能,以便，为了,即学即用 (1)他穿着厚大衣以免着凉。 He wore a heavy coat catch a cold. (2)我还不至于蠢到去做那件事。 Im do that. (3)为了不让虫子进来，她把窗户关上了。 insects out,she shut the window.,so as not to,not so stupid as to,In order to keep,(4)他早起为的是赶上第一节课。 He rose early he might be in time for the first lesson. (5)他爱她以致于愿意为她献出生命。 He loves her, he is willing to give up his life for her.,so that,so that,10.Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周扬将永远不会 忘记在一家流行的英语报社的第一次任务。 典例体验 our country been as united as it is. 现在我们的国家空前团结。 he know French,but also he is an expert at it. 他不仅懂法语，而且很精通。 he go to the park at weekends. 在周末，他很少去公园。,Never before has,Not only does,Seldom does,归纳总结 (1)在以具有 意义的副词、连词及词组 的句子中，主句要用 。 (2)这些词和词组通常有： rarely,never,scarcely,no sooner,little, few,hardly,seldom,at no time,in no way,on no account,nowhere,nobody,not only等。,否定,开头,部分倒装,即学即用用倒装句式翻译下列句子 (1)他刚完成工作电话就响了。 (2)来我们商店吧！在其他地方买不到这样的便宜货。 (3)我不仅仅是对摄影感兴趣，我大学时还学过摄影 课程呢。,Hardly had he finished his work when the telephone rang.,Visit our stores!Nowhere else will you find such magnificent bargains.,Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university.,11.His discussion with his new boss,Hu Xin (HX),was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.他与他的新老板胡新的讨论 对他的记者生涯会产生重要影响。 典例体验 All these answered for! 所有这一切都会遭到报应的！ She before she left. 她打算在离开前打电话。 You the necessary changes. 你要作出必要的改变。,are to be,was to call,are to make,归纳总结 be to do在句中表示 发生的事，意为“ ”。 be to do句型的含义： （1）表示注定要发生某事。 （2）预先安排好的计划或约定。 （3）表示说话人的意图、职责、义务、命令等情感 意义。,后来,注定,会，一定,表示将来时的几种方法： （1）be going to do表示主语现在打算在最近或以后做什么，这种打算是事先考虑好了的。另外可表示根据已有迹象非常可能要发生的情况。 （2）be about to do表示正要或即将做某事，多与when连用。 （3）时间、条件、让步状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时。,即学即用 (1)如果我们想按时到那儿，我们最好现在就走。 If we on time,wed better go now. (2)会议今天下午举行。 The meeting this afternoon. (3)我正要离开，这时开始下雨了。 I when it began to rain.,are to be there,is to be held,was about to leave,品味构词 1.利用派生法，品句选词 Have you read the English novel,“Pride and ”? No,I dislike the foreign novels,and they are not interesting. You had better not them like the above before you dont read it. A.Prejudice B.judge C.judgment,A,B,串联扩展,预先作判断,preview,precaution,预先安排,预先决定;确定,序言，前言,premature,prehistory,preexist,2.利用派生法，品句填词 He her as his girlfriend, of what she thinks about.(regard) 串联扩展,regards,regardless,无助的,treeless,劳累的,孜孜不倦的,selfless,meaningless,无希望的,考题回扣 【例1】The incomes of skilled workers went up. ,unskilled workers saw their earnings fall. （浙江高考） A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise 解析 句意为：熟练工的收入在增加，与此同 时，非熟练工的收入却在下降。meanwhile adv. 与此同时，在此期间，符合句意。moreover adv.此外，而且；therefore adv.因此，所以； otherwise adv.否则，要不然。,C,课文原文 you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. 【例2】The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only ,but students became more interested in the lessons. （宁夏高考） A.saved was teachers energy B.was teachers energy saved C.teachers energy was saved D.was saved teachers energy,Meanwhile,解析 句意为：电脑在教学中应用，结果不仅节省 了老师的精力，也使学生对课堂更感兴趣。在not only.but also.连接的句子中，如果not only 放在句首则本句用部分倒装，但but also连接的句 子则不用，故选B。 答案 B 课文原文 a Christmas tree,but also exciting presents under it.,Not only was there,【例3】Who should be responsible for the accident? The boss,not the workers.They just carried out the order . （福建高考） A.as told B.as are told C.as telling D.as they told 解析 as told=as they were told,此处是as引 导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主 语一致，且谓语动词含有be时，将从句的主语和 be省略。又因为workers与tell之间是被动关系， 排除C、D两项。 课文原文 His discussion with his new boss,Hu Xin (HX),was to strongly influence his life a journalist.,as,A,【例4】Im sure that your letter will get attention.They know youre waiting for the reply. （全国高考） A.continued B.immediate C.careful D.general 解析 句意为：我肯定你的信会马上引起注意， 他们知道你在等着回复。immediate“立刻的”符 合语境。continued连续的，反复的；careful小 心的；general一般的，均不合题意。 课文原文 Can I go out on a story ?,immediately,B,【例5】Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. （江西高考） A.where B.when C.who D.which 解析 这个从句应是定语从句,先行词是前面的 cases,空白处在从句中作状语,应用where引导,指 抽象的地点,意为“在这些案例中”。 课文原文 Have you ever had someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?,a case where,A,自主检测 .品句填词 1.My brother a a knowledge of computers by careful study. 2.Can you tell me a of time if youre coming? 3.I a of your trying to earn some money,but please dont neglect your studies. 4.They a the value of the house at over $250,000.,cquired,head,pprove,ssessed,5.Im d to hear of your success. 6.The country (依赖) heavily on its tourist trade. 7.Coal was formed out of dead forests by a slow (过程) of chemical change. 8.They had no maps to (帮助) them. 9.The workers are (要求) better pay. 10.Power is largely in the hands of a small elite.,elighted,depends,process,assist,demanding,concentrated,.短语运用 1.Dont be angry with him.He made the mistake . 2.What I can explain to you is that his illness his absence. 3. I got there alone,I was frightened. 4.I finished the work several days the dealine.,be eager to,ahead of,be accused of, approve of,depend on,by accident,be supposed to,the first time,in that case,account for,by accident,accounts for,The first time,ahead of,5.Many students be admitted into Beijing University. 6.I being lazy by my wife. 7.You can him to help you with English. 8.You finish the report today. 9.I dont smoking in bed. 10.Bring some money you need it.,are eager to,was accused of,depend on,are supposed to,approve of,in case,.完成句子 1.尽管天气很糟糕，他还是自己完成了新闻采访。 Although the weather was terrible,he covered the story . 2.他的心思全部集中在一件事上如何通过英语 考试。 His whole mind was one thinghow to pass the English exam. 3.我发现今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的东西。 I have not found anything in todays newspaper. 4.别想骗我，我对这行的诀窍十分清楚。 Dont try to cheat me.I know all the .,on his own,concentrated on,of interest,tricks of the trade,5.看到这可怕的一幕，他们都谴责老板的冷酷无情。 Seeing the terrible scene,they all the boss his cruelty. 6.听课时你应及时记笔记。 While listening in class you should in time. 7.他们善于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。 They are skilled at themselves others criticism. ,accused,of,make,notes,defending,against,8.为了让大家都看清楚，他让高个子的孩子站在后 面。 He asked the tall children to stand at the back let everyone see clearly. 9.他不小心打破了那个漂亮的碗。 He broke that beautiful bowl .,so as to,by accident,.单项填空 1.My father told me that he didnt school this year. A.approve my leaving B.approve me to leave C.approve of my leaving D.approve of me to leave 解析 approve of sth.赞同，批准，of为介词， 后面应接名词或动名词作宾语。,C,2.“How can you me lying without knowing all the facts?” the woman said angrily. A.defend;against B.accuse;of C.charge;to D.prove;of 解析 accuse sb.of sth.指责某人；charge 在表示“指责”时，要用charge sb.with sth.， 其他两项都不合题意。,B,3. can you expect to get a pay rise. A.With hard work B.Although work hard C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard 解析 因为句子用了倒装结构，所以只有C项正 确，only修饰状语且位于句首时，句子需用倒装。,C,4.Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school,but as students we must on our studies. A.acquire B.insist C.concentrate D.decide 解析 句意为：玩电脑游戏会使我们在放学后放 松一下，但是作为学生我们一定要集中精力学习。 根据题意应选concentrate on集中精力。,C,5.We should have a(n) medical examination at least once a year. A.accurate B.actual C.chief D.thorough 解析 thorough彻底的；accurate精确的，准确 的；actual实际的；chief主要的，根据题意应选 D项。,D,6.I can think of many cases the media have a strong effect on young men. A.why B.which C.as D.where 解析 此题考查定语从句。先行词是case时，若 定语从句中不缺主语或者宾语，则要用where引导。,D,7. admitted to famous universities, parents should try to cure their children bad