2019高考英语一轮选训习题Unit1Womenofachievement（含解析）新人教版.docx

必修4 Unit 1Women of achievement李仕才一、阅读理解AHere are our suggestions for keeping busy this week. Dive in!Take to the waves in SouthamptonAlways fancied trying your hand at sailing? Nows your chance. The Southampton Boat Show has plenty of opportunities for visitors to get out on the water to experience boat sailing, power boating or taking a ride on a RIB all for free.Discover an island on the ThamesTo celebrate Totally Thames, a month-long festival is held at various locations across London. Weve discovered 21 of the rivers most fascinating islands all of them with interesting stories to tell. Make the most of it with our map here.Catch great films in BristolOver six days, Encounters Film Festival screens up to 400 films from over 60 different countries. The Bristol festival provides a platform for international filmmakers, and offers a gateway to the likes of the BAFTAs, Oscars and European Film Awards. See here for full details.Get scientific in LondonExperience the latest, best and most challenging science covering all areas of our lives and universe at New Scientist Live at ExCel London. New Scientist Live is a four-day festival full of ideas and discoveries from the team behind the worlds most popular science weekly magazine, featuring four zones Brain & Body, Technology, Earth and Universe as well as talks from experts and over 200 exhibitors.1. Which is the most suitable for sailing lovers?A. Take to the waves in Southampton.B. Discover an island on the Thames.C. Catch great films in Bristol.D. Get scientific in London.2. What is New Scientist Live?A. A science weekly magazine.B. A festival to celebrate great scientists.C. An exhibition to show scientific discoveries.D. A festival where ideas and discoveries are shared.3. Where can you find the text?A. On a noticeboard.B. On a website.C. In a newspaper.D. In a book review.【语篇解读】本文为应用文，主要推介一周活动安排。2. D【解析】考查细节理解。根据Get scientific in London部分中的New Scientist Live is a four-day festival full of ideas and discoveries.可知，New Scientist Live是一个为期四天的与大众分享科学想法和发现的节日。故选D。3. B【解析】考查推理判断。根据文章内容尤其是Discover an island on the Thames部分中的Make the most of it with our map here和Catch great films in Bristol部分中的See here for full details可知，本文最有可能出现在网站上，故选B。BFour years ago, we asked ourselves: What if we could create a shopping experience with no waiting in line and no checkout? Or could we create a physical store where customers could simply take what they want and go? Our answer to those questions is Amazon Go, where you could experience the idea of “just walk out shopping”Amazon Go is a new kind of store with no checkout required. We created the worlds most advanced shopping technology, so you never have to wait in line. With our “just walk out shopping” experience, simply use the Amazon Go app to enter the store, take the products you want, and go! No lines, no checkout.Our checkoutfree shopping experience is made possible by the same types of technologies used in selfdriving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion, and deep learning. Our “just walk out technology” automatically detects when products are taken from or returned to the shelves and keeps track of them in your virtual cart. When youre done shopping, you can just leave the store. Shortly after, well charge your Amazon account and send you a receipt. We offer delicious readytoeat breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack options made fresh every day by our onsite chefs and favorite local kitchens and bakeries. Our selection of foodstuff ranges from bread and milk to cheeses and locally made chocolates. Youll find wellknown brands we love, plus special finds were excited to introduce to customers. For a quick homecooked dinner, pick up one of our chefdesigned Amazon Meal Kits, and you can make a meal for two in about 30 minutes. Our roughly 1,800squarefoot shopping space is conveniently compact(紧凑的), so busy customers can get in and out fast. It is located at 2131, 7th Ave, Seattle, WA, on the corner of 7th Avenue and Blanchard Street. All you need is an Amazon account, a supported smartphone, and the free Amazon Go app. Amazon Go is currently only open to Amazon employees in our testing program, and will be open to the public soon.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了有关Amazon Go便利店的一些信息。【难句分析】Or could we create a physical store where customers could simply take what they want and go? 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“where customers could simply take what they want and go”为where引导的地点状语从句，修饰先行词store；其中take后接what引导的宾语从句what they want and go。 译文：或者我们能不能创建一家实体店，在那里顾客只要拿走他们想要的东西然后离开？1From the passage, we can learn that Amazon Go _.Ais a checkoutfree storeBsells all kinds of goodsCis open to the publicDuses unknown technologies答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“Amazon Go is a new kind of store with no checkout required.”可知，Amazon Go便利店无需在收银台结账，故A项正确。B项文中没有提及；根据文章最后一句“Amazon Go is currently only open to Amazon employees in our testing program, and will be open to the public soon.”可知，Amazon Go目前仅处于试营业阶段，仅对亚马逊员工开放，故C项错误；根据第三段第一句“Our checkoutfree shopping experience is made possible by the same types of technologies used in selfdriving cars：computer vision，sensor fusion, and deep learning.”可知，Amazon Go使用的技术类似于无人驾驶汽车的技术，故D项错误。2What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?AWhen Amazon Go charges.BHow Amazon Go works.CWhere Amazon Go lies.DWhat Amazon Go sells.答案与解析：B考查段落大意。通读第三段可知，该段主要介绍了无人收银的技术原理，即类似于无人驾驶汽车的技术；还介绍了顾客付款的技术原理。据此可知，该段主要介绍Amazon Go便利店的运作原理，故B项正确。3Customers pay for the products from Amazon Go by _.Apaying cash at the counterBwalking out of the storeCusing their Amazon accountsDscanning smartphones when leaving答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“Shortly after, well charge your Amazon account and send you a receipt.”可知，在顾客离开后，Amazon Go会通过亚马逊账户收取顾客的费用，故C项正确。4The main purpose of the passage is to _.Aencourage people to shop onlineBadvise people to work for AmazonCinform people of a new concept storeDtell people of the shopping experience答案与解析：C考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种新形式的零售便利店Amazon Go，介绍了该便利店的运作过程、技术原理、地理位置、即食食品服务等。故C项正确。二、七选五By 2025，water shortage will be a big problem for about 1.8 billion people.In a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it._1_After we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，and takes many valuable resources with it.Waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients._2_ A number of nations and major cities have already built waste water treatment plants.They can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy，and produce “new water” that can be reused.But more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other recoverable materials with it._3_ This is still better than the situation in smaller cities.In Latin American countries，those living in small and mediumsized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化粪池)that lack regular and proper maintenance.Imagine that outside one of these small cities lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife.Beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.The energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.This is not a dream project._4_ A team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.Having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of land could be irrigated with waste water._5_ABut that is exactly what we do.BThis can provide easy access to clean water.CThere is no longer any good reason to waste any type of water.DA constructed wetland environment is already in practice on a small scale.EThis would reduce the need for fresh water for irrigation and energy for pumping.FIf collected and treated properly，it could provide “new water”，fertilizer，and energy.GAlthough waste water systems in large cities are effective，the whole procedure usually costs much.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有效利用水资源的方法。1A上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。根据上下文可知，A项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选A。2F上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而F项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水”、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选F。3G下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维护，而G项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选G。4D上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D项“建造的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。5E上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而E说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语义衔接，故选E。三、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018淄博市高三模拟考试)My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did such well in written English.He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every day.“You can try them，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right，but I decided to follow his advices.I started to write down something interested every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didnt know how to write a sentence correct，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.【答案】My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did suc well in written English.He told me that he a habit of a diary every day.“You can try ，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right， I decided to follow his .I started to write down something every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didnt know how to write a sentence ，I would ask my teacher for help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.第一处：考查副词。根据后面的副词“well”可判断出，此处应用副词so。第二处：考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可判断出，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应用一般过去时。第三处：考查非谓语动词。介词of后面应接v.ing形式。第四处：考查代词。此处应用it指代“写日记”这一习惯。第五处：考查连词。语境表示，作者认为Tom所言是正确的，于是作者决定按他的建议去做。根据语境可判断出，前后句是并列关系或者因果关系，所以此处应用连词and/so。第六处：考查名词。advice是不可数名词，不能变成复数形式。第七处：考查形容词。此处应用interesting作后置定语修饰不定代词“something”，说明事物的特征，表示“有趣的事情”。第八处：考查副词。此处应用副词correctly修饰动词“write”。第九处：考查固定短语。ask for help是固定短语，意为“求助”。第十处：考查介词。because后接原因状语从句，because of后常接名词或代词。根据后面的“that”可判断出，此处应加介词of四、短文语法填空In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library is now as simple as shopping online: click, pay _1_ wait for delivery.The citys public library recently launched a program on WeChat, _2_ popular Chinese messaging software，enabling its readers to check out books online and get them _3_ (deliver) to their homes at low prices.To enjoy the “Hangzhou enjoyable reading” service, one first needs to follow the librarys official WeChat account, _4_ provides a list of books.After picking books, borrowers are required _5_ (present) their information such as their library membership car