2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit7TheSea单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）北师大版必修3.docx

Unit 7 The Sea课时练(一)阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2019名校原创预测卷七)With so many NYC museums to choose from, its hard to know where to begin. The good news is, youre in the right place. Below is a highly selective list of museums in New York City.Metropolitan Museum of ArtOccupying two million square feet, with a permanent collection of over two million works of art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art (founded in 1870) is one of the largest art galleries in the world. This famous fine arts museum in NYC possesses works from classical antiquity (古物), ancient Egypt, Asia, Byzantium, and Europe, with nearly all of the European masters represented.American Museum of Natural HistoryOriginally founded in 1869, the American Museum of Natural History is one of the largest museums in the world. Located in parklike grounds across the street from Central Park, the museum complex consists of 28 interconnected buildings housing 45 permanent exhibition halls. As a popular familyfriendly NYC attraction, the American Museum of Natural History is as fun as it is educational.Solomon R. Guggenheim MuseumOne of the midtwentieth centurys most important architectural landmarks, the iconic Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright spent 15 years designing the building and discarded 700 sketches and six sets of working drawings in the process. He died six months before the doors were opened.New York City Fire MuseumThe New York City Fire Museum (set up in 1934) is a charming alternative to the more expensive museums of New York. Here you will find art and artifacts that celebrate the history of firefighting and the New York City Fire Department, including modernday firefighting equipment and authentic New York fire equipment from 1790.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者对纽约的四个博物馆进行了简单的介绍。1What do you know about the American Museum of Natural History?AIt consists of 28 exhibition halls.BIt lies in the middle of Central Park.CIt is the largest museum in the world.DIt is suitable for parents and their kids.解析：选D细节理解题。依据第三段中的“As a popular familyfriendly NYC attraction, the American Museum of Natural History is as fun as it is educational”可知，美国自然历史博物馆是适合家庭观赏的地方，不仅有趣也具有教育意义。由此可知D项正确。2Which is the youngest museum?AThe Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.BThe New York City Fire Museum.CThe Metropolitan Museum of Art.DThe American Museum of Natural History.解析：选A细节理解题。根据文中所给的建馆时间可知，Metropolitan Museum of Art建于1870年，American Museum of Natural History建于1869年，Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum建于 20世纪中期，New York City Fire Museum建于 1934年。由此可知，Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum 历史最短，故选A。3What is one feature of the New York City Fire Museum?AIt charges no fees.BIt is a themed museum.CIt is the most famous museum.DIt exhibits only modern equipment.解析：选B推理判断题。依据最后一段中的“celebrate the history of firefighting . authentic New York fire equipment from 1790”和该博物馆的名字可知，New York City Fire Museum的一切都是与消防有关的，可以说是一个主题博物馆，故选B项。4Where can we probably find this passage?AIn a tour guide.BIn an art review.CIn a history book. DIn an official report.解析：选A文章出处题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了纽约的四个博物馆的相关情况，因此最有可能出现在旅游指南中，故选A。B(2019成都诊断)Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic (有机的) fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides.Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labor, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers.Its true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the comparison gets complex. Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However, because they are barred from using genetic engineering, pesticides (杀虫剂), and other methods that increase efficiency (效率), organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isnt a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says study author Verena Seufert.In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables, theres not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for the pesticide remainder. In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly regulated, theres no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health.Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase the yield without lowering sustainability.But if you cant afford to buy organic produce, dont stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了有机农产品的一些情况。5What does the underlined word “downsides” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?ADangers. BDrawbacks.CBenefits. DDifferences.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知，虽然有机农产品可能稍微健康些，但在某些方面，也有其缺点。再结合语境和下文陈述的有机农产品的缺点可以判断，画线词应指有机农产品不好的一面，B项意为“缺点”，故B项正确。6Which key factor makes it hard to compare organic farming with conventional farming when it comes to environmental concerns?AThe yield. BThe price.CThe water loss. DThe labor.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，当涉及诸如温室气体排放和水资源损失等环境问题时，比较传统农业和有机农业就困难了；且根据第三段的其他内容可知，虽然有机农业与传统农业相比更可持续，但因为不能使用基因工程技术、杀虫剂及其他提高效率的方法，有机农业的产量相对低，故产量是使得两者之间的比较变得困难的重要因素。A项意为“产量”，故A项正确。7Which of the following will the author most probably agree with?AFarmers work environment should be improved.BOrganic produce should be made more efficiently.CIt isnt wise for consumers to buy organic products.DThe pesticide remainder do no harm to peoples health.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段第四句可知，由于禁止使用基因工程技术和杀虫剂等，有机农场的产量估计会比传统农场的产量低19%至25%。据此可以判断，应当提高有机农业的生产效率，故B项正确。第五段的最后一句亦是提示。8In the authors opinion, why should we support organic produce?AIts environmentally friendly.BIts more nutritious.CIt helps keep the variety of plants.DIts safer for consumers.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity”可知，有机农场为工人提供更安全的工作环境，而且有机农场有助于保持生物的多样性。据此可以判断，我们应当提倡有机农产品的原因之一是能保持生物的多样性，故C项正确。C(2019名校原创预测卷八)With their large glass windows and clear views of the hospitals newest arrivals, its hard to imagine hospitals without newborn nurseries. But how did this slightly unusual, if precious, concept of putting babies on show come into being?Well, theyre not really for putting babies on show. Firstly, they were created as an area for nurses to take care of all of the new babies, separate from their mothers. Newborn nurseries have been around pretty much since moms started having babies in hospitals. In the early 1900s, hospitals replaced homes as the primary place to give birth. Hospitals built maternity wards (产科病房), and those wards had nurseries with windows.According to Smithsonian. com, a 1943 publication gave two main purposes for the nurseries. The first purpose was to allow the relatives to see the new babies. The windows, however, were to keep the babies safe and clean while they were being admired by relatives. And that sanitary concern is right and reasonable. Babies immune systems (免疫系统) are not yet developed, which has to do with the frightening reason you should be careful about letting people kiss your new baby. However, the Smithsonian. com article does admit that solid walls would be even more effective at keeping bacteria and viruses out than windows. Not to mention they would be more costeffective. So, yeah . the primary purpose is still to look at the cute babies. Some hospitals would offer individual viewings so that relatives could have some quality time with their new member. In the mid to late twentieth century, these nursery viewings were often the first time fathers got to see their new babies.Today, though, the nurseries mean a lot to many hospital visitors and family members. Dotti James claims that “the nursery window has become a destination for patients and families from other parts of the hospital experiencing a health crisis . Standing outside the nursery, seeing the babies . can give hope to families trying to deal successfully with something difficult.” Its pretty much a universal truth that healthy babies are an immediate mood booster (令人鼓舞的事情)语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了医院设立育婴室的原因，育婴室的发展及作用等。9Whats the function of Paragraph 1?ATo attract readers interest.BTo summarize the whole passage.CTo provide background information.DTo introduce the theme of the passage.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容，尤其是“But how did this slightly unusual, if precious, concept of putting babies on show come into being”及下文内容可知，文章第一段主要是用来引出文章主题的。故选D。10What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?AKissing new babies may cause them harm.BSafety is the main focus of newborn nurseries.CNurseries with windows are more costeffective.DFathers were the last to see new babies decades ago.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Babies immune systems (免疫系统) are not yet developed, which has to do with the frightening reason you should be careful about letting people kiss your new baby”可知，新生儿的免疫系统还没有发育成熟，因此在让别人亲吻新生婴儿时要特别小心。由此可推知，亲吻新生婴儿有可能会对他们造成伤害。故选A。11Whats Dotti Jamess attitude towards newborn nurseries?APositive. BDoubtful.CConcerned. DDisapproving.解析：选A观点态度题。根据最后一段中Dotti James所说的话可知，Dotti James认为，站在育婴室的窗外看着新生婴儿能够给努力应对困境的人们以希望，因此Dotti James对于为新生儿设立育婴室是持积极态度的。故选A。12Whats the purpose of the passage?ATo show the benefits of newborn nurseries.BTo stress the importance of newborn nurseries.CTo explain why hospitals set up newborn nurseries.DTo state some misunderstandings of newborn nurseries.解析：选C写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了医院设立育婴室背后的故事，故C项最能概括作者写作本文的意图。D(2019名校原创预测卷八)Australian electronics and homewares retailers are preparing for the invasion (涌入) of American giant Amazon, but some have decided to take the fight up to the onlinebased store when it comes to local shores.Last week, Amazon confirmed its rapid Australian expansion by announcing that it was searching for a site to build its “fulfillment center” a large warehouse (仓库) for storing and shipping goods purchased online but local retailers, including one of Harvey Normans founders Gerry Harvey, have said they will make it hard for Amazon to succeed in Australia.Harvey Norman sells electronics, furniture and bedding all markets in which Amazon hopes to hold a stake, but Harvey has said that he will happily go toetotoe with the American behemoth to hold his ground in the Australian market.“In America and other parts of the world, they have just demolished (彻底打败) other retailers, no question about that, and they send a lot of retailers broke，” Harvey told News Corp on Monday. “There is no question they have one ambition, and like Attila the Hun, or Alexander the Great, they just want to demolish everything in front of them and then at the end of the day claim to be victorious and make their own rules. So this is a company that is extraordinary by any measure and challenges every rule that has ever been written about a business.”Some analysts have said that Amazon could take in as much as 3 billion US. dollars in sales in its first five years in Australia (around 1 percent of the total 225 billion US. dollar market), but Harvey has refuted those claims, saying that local retailers would be putting up “one hell of a fight” when Amazon launches its main retail services in Australia. “We will be out there fighting them like no American retailer has ever fought them，” he said. “Any price that they put we will beat or equal.”Meanwhile, Harveys thoughts were backed up by the former CEO of supermarket chain Woolworths, Roger Corbett, who said Amazon would struggle to keep its lower wages and claims of lightning fast delivery to rural parts when it opens in Australia. “Amazon will have an impact on the market place, but they are coming into an already very competitive market，” he told News Corp.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是美国电商巨头亚马逊宣布进军澳大利亚市场后，澳大利亚的零售商对此作出的反应。13Why did Gerry Harvey react actively to Amazons expansion to Australia?ATo support other national brands.BTo maintain his own share in the market.CTo realize the Australian markets diversity.DTo learn from Amazons immediate success.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Harvey has said that he will happily go toetotoe with the American behemoth to hold his ground in the Australian market”可知，Gerry Harvey积极地对亚马逊要在澳大利亚扩张作出反应是为了保持自己的公司在澳大利亚市场的地位，即保持自己的市场份额，故选B。14What is Amazon like according to Gerry Harvey?APowerful and creative.BAggressive but outdated.CAmbitious and reliable.DPromising but adventurous.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In America and other parts of the world . they send a lot of retailers broke”可知，在美国及世界的其他地区，亚马逊已经彻底打败了其他零售商并使得他们破产，由此可知，亚马逊是一家强大的公司；再结合第四段中的“they just want to demolish everything . make their own rules”和“this is a company that is extraordinary . about a business”可知，亚马逊敢于挑战既有的行业规则，由此可知，亚马逊是富有创新性的。故选A。15What message is conveyed in the last paragraph?AAmazon will take the lead in Australia soon.BAmazon has no access to the Australian market.CAmazons service quality needs improving urgently.DAmazons expansion to Australia will be challenging.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中Roger Corbett所说的可知，Roger Corbett在肯定其市场影响力的同时又指出澳大利亚市场本身已经是个竞争非常激烈的市场，言外之意就是亚马逊扩张至澳大利亚将会是富有挑战性的。故选D。.阅读七选五(2019河北五校联考)A cobra (眼镜蛇) was set free on September 10 in a park in Xiangtan, South Chinas Hunan Province. _16_ And they began hunting for the deadly creature to try to prevent it from hurting anyone.In the name of mercy, some people free captive (被捕获的) animals, including foreign species, mostly bought from pet shops or markets. _17_ Last April, someone freed hundreds of foxes and raccoon dogs in a Beijing suburb, causing economic losses to animal farmers and endangering the safety of local residents._18_ Besides, today people are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental protection and biodiversity. But it is necessary to ensure that acts of freeing captive animals do not violate laws or harm the interests of the public. _19_ In order to regulate the release of captive animals, the government revised the law on wildlife conservation in 2016. According to the updated regulations, no individual or organization should harm the public interest by freeing captive animals. _20_AAnd any creatures set free should be local species that have no threat to local biodiversity.BHowever, their warmhearted kindness often causes serious consequences.CFreeing a cobra in a park reflects the troublemakers ignorance of other peoples lives.DSuch news has frequently appeared in recent years.ELocal police immediately arrested the troublemaker.FInfluenced by Buddhism, freeing captive animals is an act that deserves respect in China.GIt is important to protect animals including those set free by people.语篇解读：近来，人们的放生行为越来越多，但是一些外来物种及危险动物的放生，会对当地物种以及人们的生命造成很大的威胁。文章对这一现象进行了分析，并提出了解决方法。16解析：选E上文提到一条眼镜蛇被放生，下文提到人们追捕眼镜蛇以防它伤害任何人，故空处也应表示眼镜蛇被放生后警察的行动，所以E项“当地警察立即逮捕了这个惹麻烦者”承上启下，符合语境。下句中的“they”指的是E项中的“Local police”。故选E。17解析：选B该句承上启下。上句说的是人们出于慈爱之心放生被捕获的动物；下文叙述的是去年四月在北京放生的一批动物给当地农民带来了严重的经济损失，并危及了当地居民的人身安全，上下文之间为转折关系，所以B项“然而，他们的好心却常常引起严重的后果”符合语境。18解析：选F该部分介绍了放生的原因。Besides后介绍的是一个理由：现在人们的环保意识和生物多样化意识增强；所以空处应该是另外一个理由，故F项“在中国，受佛教的影响，(人们认为)放生被捕获的动物是值得尊重的行为”符合语境。19解析：选C上文提到人们有必要确保放生行为不能触犯法律，不能损害公众利益，故可推知下文应就放生眼镜蛇这一例子对此进行进一步解释，故C项“在公园里放生眼镜蛇反映了这个惹是生非的人忽视了其他人的生命”符合语境。20解析：选A该段说的是政府对放生行为采取的措施，所以A项“放生的任何生物都必须是本地物种，这些物种对当地的生物多样性没有威胁”是对上文的进一步解释，故选A。课时练(二)语言知识运用组块专练练准度(限时：30分钟).完形填空(2019名校原创预测卷七)Hunter Kittle, 24 years old, was driving through Californias Mount Baldy, when his night took an unexpected turn. As he was going down the road, his car turned upside down suddenly and _1_ directly 70 feet into a valley. The young man amazingly _2_ the fall, but he passed out and wasnt fully in the clear. Shortly after, he _3_ in his broken car with an injured lung, a fractured (骨折的) skull and a broken leg. His pain must have been beyond _4_. Due to the shape of his then destroyed vehicle and his _5_ injuries, Hunter was unable to make his _6_ out of the vehicle. He had to deal with his pain alone _7_ someone found him.The Kittles were also _8_ about where their son could be but as each day passed without any _9_， the situation became worse.After three nights, a motorist _10_ and noticed the car wreck (残骸) _11_ in the valley. The ambulance was called _12_. Soon, Hunter was airlifted to the _13_.Now Hunter is in his hospital bed and says, “I was so happy, you know, that I was finally being _14_， and that I still had a(n) _15_ left to live on.” He goes on to _16_， “In fact, it mainly was _17_ over matter. My desire to live long enough made it, one way or another. I didnt want that to be my final _18_ in my life book.”_19_ his determination to live and a kind stranger, Hunter escaped this tragedy and now _20_ a new perspective on life.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了24岁的Hunter Kittle跌落