（浙江专用）2020版高考英语一轮复习话题练第19练世界与环境练习.docx

第19练 世界与环境基础巩固.单句语法填空1Theamountofwaterwhichissuitable_(drink) islessandlessnow.2Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohow_(save) water.3Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportant_(protect) ourenvironment.4InChinaalotofriversandlakesare_(serious) pollutedbysomefactories.5Somewastewaterhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes，_(kill) alargenumberoffish.6Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworld_(become) muchmorebeautiful.7Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostdifficult_(problem) intheworld.8Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterand_(healthy) inthefuture.9Itishightimethatthegovernment_(take) somemeasurestoreducepollution.10._thewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.11Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactories_(produce) harmfulgases.12Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theearthwouldgettoohottolive_.13Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostof_arebeyondourcontrol.14Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicals_arepoisonoustohumanbeings.15Nobodyknows_(exact) whyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.话题词汇1pollutionn污染2atmospheren大气，气氛3consequencen结果，后果4attachgreatimportanceto.十分重视5beawareof.意识到6damagev毁坏7makeadifference有影响8environmentn环境9sufferv受苦，遭受10causev导致能力提升.阅读理解A(2018安徽皖北协作区联考)Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern，rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.Deforestation(森林滥伐) oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction，thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources，andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However，thisdestructioncanbeslowed，stopped，andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆转)Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved，butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic，political，andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.So，whatshouldbedone？Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical，notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持续的) useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests，effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelongtermbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed，asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions，closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor，norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.16Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?AHumansdestroyingthetrees.BCarbonsinksbeingreduced.CLackingrenewableresources.DFencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests.17Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?ATropicalrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved.BRainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.CHumanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.DEconomicreturnscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.18Whatistheauthorsattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection?AIndifferent.BConcerned.CDoubtful.DPuzzled.19Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?AToshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.BTostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.CToappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.DTointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.BForcenturies，elephantshaveplayedabigroleintheworldseconomies，culturesandreligions.TheAfricanelephantsusedtobefoundalloverAfricaandtheAsianelephantsmovedfromSyriatoChinatoIndonesia.Nowadays，elephantsarefoundinsmallgroupsinthesouthoftheSaharaDesertandscarcelyinSoutheastAsia，SriLankaandIndia.Intheearlytwentiethcentury，therewereclosetotenmillionelephants，andnowtheelephantnumberisaslowas252,000andexpectedtodropdownto160,000by2025.Between2007and2014，theelephantpopulationfellbyatleast30%，or144,000elephants.AsresearchershavetraveledovertheAfricanplains，theyonlyspottedoneherdof36elephantsinanarealikethesizeofMexico.Itisclearthatthesegentlemammalsaredisappearingrightbeforeoureyes.Therearemanyreasonswhytheelephantpopulationhasbeendecreasing，oneofwhichistheirhabitat.Humansarecompetingwithelephantsforlivingspace，andasmoreandmorehumansclearthelandthatisbeingusedbyelephants，theelephantshavelessspace.Elephanthuntingor“poaching”hasbeenamajorfactorforthedisappearanceofthisspecies，andtheyarekilledonlyfortheirvaluableivorytusks.Althoughthetradeoftusksisillegal，itisstillacommonpracticeinmanyplaces.Often，allthelocalpeoplelivingamongelephantswouldbefarmers，andfoundthattheycouldmakemoremoneybysellingthetusksofoneelephantthandoingmanuallaborfortwelveyears.Thatalonemakesitreallyhardtopreventthemfromkillingtheelephants.SomeplacessuchasBotswana，haveputinextraefforttoprotecttheirwildlifefrompoachersbyfoundingtheirBotswanaDefenseForce，whichismadeupofaround700speciallytrainedsoldiersthatarestationedin40differentareas.Youmayfeelworriedaboutthepresentsituationselephantsarein，buttherearewaystohelp.Tofindouthowyoucanhelpelephantconservation，adoptanelephant，ordonate，clickhere.20ThenumberslistedinParagraph2showthat_.AhumansdontcareforelephantsBelephantshavebeennexttoextinctionCelephantshavebecomegentlerthanbeforeDelephantshavegainedmoreattention21Whatisthebiggestfactorforthedisappearingelephants?ALessspace.BAlackoffood.CSufferingfromadisease.DElephanthunting.22Whyisithardtobankillingtheelephantsamongthefarmers?ATheirtusksareprofitable.BElephantsaredestroyingtheirfieldscruelly.CFarmershopetomakealivingbysellingtheirmeat.DFarmerspracticetheirhuntingskillsbykillingelephants.23Whatisthepurposeofthistext?ATopersuadereaderstomakeadonation.BToguidereadershowtoprotectelephants.CToencouragereaderstohelpprotectelephants.DTointroducethedecreasingnumberofelephants.七选五Itseasytospotsignsofphysicalsuffering，butmuchemotionalpaincanbeeasilymasked._24_“Wedonttendtohaveconversationsaboutmentalwellbeing，”saysDrBarbaraVanDahlen，aclinicpsychologist.“SimplyaskingsomeoneHowareyoumayjustgetFine，thankyou，”saysVanDahlen.“Itsimportanttobeawareofwhatcouldleadtosomebodyneedinghelptheyreafraidtoaskfor，”sheadds.Thefollowingarefoursignsafriendmightneedhelp._25_Ifyousensesomethingdifferentaboutthewayyourfriendisactingmaybehesnotsmilingmuchthesedays，forinstancetrustyourfeelingsandreachout.“Trysaying，Iseethesethings.Icareaboutyou.CanIbeofhelp？”VanDahlensays.Hesunusuallyunhappyorannoyed._26_“Itmaytakemorethanonetimetofollowupifyouretalkingtosomeonewhoisupset，”VanDahlensays，“butifafriendrespondswithanger，thatcouldmeanyoureontosomething.”Heslessputtogetherthanusual.Drinkingmoreandignoringpersonalhygiene(卫生) canbesignsthatsomeoneisintrouble.Dontconsiderthesebehaviorsarenothing._27_Heseemsoverwhelmed(压倒) bylife.Nooneishappyallthetime，butifyouronceoptimisticfriendcantfindanythingtobehopefulabout，hemaybehavingthoughtsofworthlessness，sadnessandsomethingnegative.“_28_”saysVanDahlen，“sothatmorepeoplecangetthehelptheyneed.”AHesactingabitmorewithdrawn.BHedoesntseemlikehimselflately.CInsteadtreatthemasasigntocareforyourfriend.DGettingangryquicklyandeasilycanbeasignthatsomethingiswrong.EItsaconstantefforttobringintotheopendiscussionsaboutmentalhealth.FManypeopleavoidtalkingaboutitnomatterhowclosetheyaretosomeone.GWewantpeopletogetcomfortablebeingmoreopenanddiscussingmentalhealth.答案精析话题练.1.blems8.healthier9.shouldtake/took10.Oducing12.on13.which14.which/that15.exactly.语篇解读如今，热带雨林正面临严重的生存危机，为世界敲响了环保警钟。人类应采取更加实际、有效的措施来保护热带雨林。16A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Deforestation(森林滥伐) of tropical rainforests has a global effect through species extinction”可知，人类对热带雨林的滥砍滥伐导致热带雨林一些物种的灭绝。故选A。17D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Economic，political，and social pressures will not allow rainforests to continue to exist if they are completely closed off from use and development.”可推知经济效益对保护热带雨林有一定影响。故选D。18B观点态度题。根据第二段和第四段的内容可知，作者讲述了热带雨林正在消失的现状并提出了一些保护措施已经无效的问题。由此可以推断出作者对热带雨林保护持担忧的态度。故选B。19C写作目的题。通读全文并根据最后两段可知，作者认为传统的保护热带雨林的方法无效，呼吁大家分享合适的保护措施。故选C。语篇解读本文主要讲了大象在经济、文化和宗教上都起了很重要的作用，而现在由于种种原因，大象的数量在急剧减少。作者在这里呼吁人们保护野生大象。20B推理判断题。根据第二段的数据252 00