2019高考英语二轮复习专题1阅读理解考点1细节理解题素能强化.docx

细节理解题真题题组A(2017全国，B)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking； survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (猫头鹰)on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2to 3weekold owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！ The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of allLUNCH ！ The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一个野生动物救助和教育机构的志愿者，成功救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的经历。What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1？ _A_AEfforts made in vain.BGetting injured in his work.CFeeling uncertain about his future.DCreatures forced out of their homes.解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain”可知，救助野生动物有时会让人感到心碎，因为即使努力挽救它们，也不能保证它们都会活下来。故选A。Why was the author called to Muttontown？ _C_ATo rescue a woman. BTo take care of a woman.CTo look at a baby owl. DTo cure a young owl.解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段的“I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground”可知，这位女士给作者打电话是为了让他来看一看一只猫头鹰雏鸟。故选C。What made the chick calm down？ _A_AA new nest. BSome food.CA recording. DIts parents.解析：考查细节理解。根据第四段的“I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.it quickly calmed down”可知，作者做的鸟巢非常舒服，所以把这只猫头鹰雏鸟放进去后，它很快安静下来。故选A。How would the author feel about the outcome of the event？ _B_AIts unexpected. BIts beautiful.CIts humorous. DIts discouraging.解析：考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，通过播放猫头鹰雏鸟饥饿时发出的叫声的录音，这只猫头鹰雏鸟最终与它的父母团聚，而且它的父母开始给它喂食，再结合第一段最后一句“However，when it works，it is simply beautiful”可判断，作者付出的努力没有白费，因而结果是美好的。故选B。B(2017北京，B)Inspiring young minds！TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of childrens publishing，bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.What is so special about TOKNOW Magazine？Well，it has no ads or promotions insideinstead it is jampacked with serious ideas.TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children，who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲学)and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.Whats inside？Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles，experiments and creative things to makethe magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.Sounds too good to be true？Take a look onlineevidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.Happy Birthday All Year！What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month？ The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.SUBSCRIBE NOWAnnual SubscriptionEurope 55 Rest of World 65Annual Subscription with Gift PackIncludes a Mammoth Map，a Passport Puzzle Booklet，and SubscriptionEurope 60 Rest of World 70Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.文章大意：这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了TOKNOW杂志的内容、订购价格和退订等方面的信息。Why is TOKNOW a special magazine？ _D_AIt entertains young parents.BIt provides serious advertisements.CIt publishes popular science fictions.DIt combines fun with complex concepts.解析：考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month”可知，TOKNOW杂志的特殊之处在于它将趣味性与有挑战性的、复杂的概念结合起来。故选D。What does TOKNOW offer its readers？ _B_AOnline courses.BArticles on new topics.CLectures on a balanced life.DReports on scientific discoveries.解析：考查细节理解。根据Whats inside？部分中的“Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles，experiments and creative things to make”可知，TOKNOW杂志刊载关于新话题的文章。故选B。How much should you pay if you make a 12month subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China. _D_A55. B60. C65. D70.解析：考查细节理解。根据Annual Subscription with Gift Pack部分中的“Rest of World 70”可知，在中国按年订购有礼包的TOKNOW杂志需要70。故选D。Subscribers of TOKNOW would get _B_.Afree birthday presents Bfull refund within 28 daysCmembership of the TOKNOW club Dchances to meet the experts in person解析：考查细节理解。根据文中的“Refund Policythe subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back”可知，28天之内退订的订购者可以获得全额退款。故选B。C(2017浙江，B)Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation，51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights，even though they have to get up early.Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7to 12yearolds said they felt tired during the day，and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest：most of them sleep about 18 hours a day！ Adults need about eight hours.For most schoolage children，ten hours is ideal(理想的).But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10to 12yearolds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime？ Watch TV.“More children are going to bed with TVs on，and there are more opportunities (机会)to stay awake，with more homework，the Internet and the phone，” says Dr.Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School.She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.Other experts say part of the problem is chemical.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics，but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers，some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.Three years ago，schools in Edina，Minnesota，changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：30 am.Students，parents and teachers are pleased with the results.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章指出美国孩子睡眠缺乏的问题，列举了不同年龄段的孩子所需的睡眠时间、青少年晚睡的原因以及学校为解决青少年的睡眠问题所采取的措施。What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on？ _A_AAmerican kids sleeping habits.BTeenagers sleeprelated diseases.CActivities to prevent sleeplessness.DLearning problems and lack of sleep.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段列举的一系列数字可知，国家睡眠基金会对一定年龄段孩子的睡眠习惯进行了调查，这也呼应了本段第一句“Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.”，故选A项。How many hours of sleep do 11yearolds need every day？ _C_A7 hours. B8 hours.C10 hours. D18 hours.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第四句“For most schoolage children，ten hours is ideal(理想的).”可知选C项。Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon？ _B_AThey are affected by certain body chemicals.BThey tend to do things that excite them.CThey follow their parents examples.DThey dont need to go to school early.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“More children are going to bed with TVs On，and there are more opportunities to stay awake，with more homework，the Internet and the phone.，”以及第二句“.these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.”可知，孩子们在睡觉前看电视、写作业、上网或打电话都容易让他们产生兴奋感而不愿意睡觉，故选B项。D(2017全国，A)San Francisco Fire Engine ToursSan_Francisco_Winery_TourRunning：February 1st through April 30thThis delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in ticket price)Departing from the Cannery：Tour times upon requestDuration (时长)： 2 hoursPrice： $ 90Back_to_the_Fifties_TourRunning： August 16th through August 31 stThis tour transports you back in time to one of San Franciscos most fantastic periods，the 1950s！ Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.Departing from the Cannery：5：00 pm and 7：30 pmDuration ：2 hoursPrice： $ 90Spooky_Halloween_TourRunning： October 10th through October 31 stJoin us for a ride through the historical Presidio district.Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.Departing from the Cannery： 6： 30 pm and 8： 30 pmDuration： 1 hour and 30 minutesPrice： Available upon requestHoliday_Lights_TourRunning：December 6th through December 23rdThis attractive tour takes you to some of San Franciscos most cheerful holiday scenes.Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.Departing from the Cannery：7：00 pm and 9：00 pmDuration： 1 hour and 30 minutesAdvance reservations required.文章大意：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了旧金山的四种消防车之旅。Which of the tours is available in March？ _A_ASan Francisco Winery Tour. BBack to the Fifties Tour.CSpooky Halloween Tour. DHoliday Lights Tour.解析：考查细节理解。题干问的是三月份可参加的旅行，而第一个项目San Francisco Winery Tour的时间是从2月1日到4月30日。故选A。What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour？ _C_AGo to Treasure Island. BEnjoy the holiday scenes.CHave free ice cream. DVisit the Presidio district.解析：考查细节理解。第二个项目Back to the Fifties Tour中提到在San Francisco你能免费品尝冰淇淋。而其他选项在这个旅行中没有被提到。故选C。What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour？ _D_ATake some drinks.BSet off early in the morning.CWear warm clothes.DMake reservations in advance.解析：考查细节理解。第四个项目Holiday lights Tour的最后一句话提到“Advance reservations required”，由此可知，该旅行需要提前预订。故选D。E(2018全国，D)Weve all been there： in a lift，in line at the bank or on an airplane，surrounded by people who are，like us，deeply focused on their smartphones or，worse，struggling with the uncomfortable silence.Whats the problem？ Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence.Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging，or we think its annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers，consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy，but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication，says Bernardo Carducci，director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk，” he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study，Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at UBC，invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动) with its waiter； the other，to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“Its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband ，” says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral (边缘的)members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging，a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners，” he says.文章大意：研究表明，闲聊对于人际交往起着重要的作用。What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph？ _C_AAddiction to smartphones.BInappropriate behaviours in public places.CAbsence of communication between strangers.DImpatience with slow service.解析：考查细节理解。文章第一段描述了在公共场所人们之间不互相交流的现象，本段中的“uncomfortable silence”与选项C中的“Absence of communication”相呼应。What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci？ _B_AShowing good manners.BRelating to other people.CFocusing on a topic.DMaking business deals.解析：考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just communicate with them”可知，Carducci认为成功的闲聊的关键在于学会与其他人沟通。What does the coffeeshop study suggest about small talk？ _D_AIt improves family relationships.BIt raises peoples confidence.CIt matters as much as a formal talk.DIt makes people feel good.解析：考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段第三句“The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。What is the best title for the text？ _C_AConversation CountsBWays of Making Small TalkCBenefits of Small TalkDUncomfortable Silence解析：考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用。故C项作本文标题最佳。模拟题组A(2018石家庄二模)Best Science Books of 2017At its heart，science is about curiosity.So it stands to reason that these books about science should make you examine your world more closely，and in doing so，give you a sense of wonder.Big Chicken，by Maryn McKennaInvestigative journalist Maryn McKenna uses the modern industrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics (抗生素) transformed modern agriculturefor good and ill.She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health，causing serious problems from antibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs.Recognizing that Americans are going to continue to eat chicken no matter what，McKenna suggests a way in which factory farming rids itself of its dependence on antibiotics.Why Time Flies，by Alan BurdickThe New Yorker staff writer Alan Burdick examines the greatest gift humanity has ever known：time.Time，he writes，appears to exist in two distinct forms.One is the standardized，objective kind found in clocks and watches； the other is our internal，biological sense of time，the one we measure in our cells，bodies and minds.But the closer he looks，the less clear this distinction appears.Paleoart，by Zo LescazeDinosaurs have long captured the imaginations of scientists and artists alike，and Paleoart brings those visions together in a blend of human knowledge and creativity.These images not only show our changing understanding of dinosaurs but also reflect the distinct artistic sensibility of their time.Both artistic and educational，these pictures are certainly influential.What Its Like to Be a Dog，by Gregory BernsBerns，a neuroscientist，trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time.That pioneering work inspired him to dig deeper into the minds of other animals，from sea lions to the extinct thylacine(袋狼).Berns says，“ With their ability to think，choose and feel，dogs and other animals do not deserve the cruel treatment humans so often do to them.”文章大意：本文是说明文，介绍了2017年四本最佳科学图书Big Chicken，Why Time Flies，Paleoart和What Its Like to Be a Dog的作者、简介等相关内容。Which book has something to do with public health？ _A_ABig Chicken.BWhy Time Flies.CPaleoart.DWhat Its Like to Be a Dog.解析：考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词health定位到第一本书Big Chicken。根据该部分中的“She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health，causing serious problems from antibioticresistant stomach infections to UTIs”可知，这本书是有关人类健康的。故答案是A。Who writes about time？ _B_AMaryn McKenna. BAlan Burdick.CZo Lescaze.DGregory Berns.解析：考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词time定位到第二本书Why Time Flies。根据书名右侧的“by Alan Burdick”可知答案是B。What was Bern pioneering work？ _C_ATraining dogs.BStudying extinct animals.CObserving dog brains.DFighting for animal rights.解析：考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词Berns pioneering work定位到第四本书What Its Like to Be a Dog。该部分中的“That pioneering work”指向“in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for the first time”，故这项开创性的工作是观察狗的大脑，故答案是C。B(2018太原市二模)Located in Los Angeles，University of Southern California is in the heart of a leading city.Although LA ranks highly in The Economists Safe Cities Inde，navigating any city calls for certain safety precautions(预防措施) along with practicing common sense.Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafeThe Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe，managed by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning，is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the campus.Features include： immediate “push button” calls to DPS，easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress，and location services to notify friends of your route through campus.Blue Light Phone LocationsThe University Park has multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed throughout campus.Take note of where the closest ones are on your route.They come in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency.These phones are directly connected to USC Department o