2014高考英语(北师大版)总复习课件Unit11TheMedia.ppt

Unit 11 The Media 基础知识梳理 词汇梳理 1. _ n. 信念,7. _ adj. 引起痛苦的;令人痛苦的 _ n. 痛苦;疼痛 8. _ vt. 宣布;宣告 _ n. 宣布 _ n. (广播、电视的)广播员;播音员;节目主持人 9. _ n. 殊荣;特质;区别 _ adj. 清楚的;明白的;有区别的 10. _ n. 申请;应用 _ v. 申请;应用;运用,11. _ adj. 高兴的;愉快的 _ n. 出现,17. _ vt. 雇佣 _ adj. 自己经营的 _ n. 雇佣 18. _ vt. 过程 22. _ vt. 假装,23. _ vt. 尊敬;尊重 24. _ vt. 为做广告;登广告 _ n. 广告 25. _ adj. 某种;某些 26. _ adv. 视觉地 _ adj. 视觉的;视力的 27. _ n. 方式;方法 28. _ n. 贡献;捐助 _ v. 贡献;捐献 29. _ vt. 打断,30. _ adv. 用某种方法 31. _ vt. 做出结论;结束 _ n. 结论 32. _ adj. 泥泞的;沾满泥的 33. _ n. 救护车 34. _ n. 发言人 35. _ n. 勇敢 _ adj. 勇敢的 36. _ adj. 当代的 37. _ n. 编辑 _ vt. 编辑 _ n. 版本,自我校对 1. chat 2. current 3. poverty 4. reform 5. demand 6. belief7. painful; pain 8. announce; announcement; announcer9. distinction; distinct 10. application; apply 11. delighted; delight12. publish 13. evidence; evident 14. explanation; explain 15. analyse; analysis 16. arise 17. employ; self-employed; employment 18. attempt 19. defend; defence 20. argument; argue 21. process,22. pretend 23. respect 24. advertise; advertisement 25. certain 26. visually; visual 27. approach 28. contribution; contribute 29. interrupt; interruption 30. somehow 31. conclude; conclusion 32. muddy 33. ambulance 34. spokesman 35. bravery; brave 36. contemporary 37. editor; edit; edition,短语梳理 1. 代表;支持 _ 2. 支持;赞同 _ 3. 由组成 _ 4. 突出;显眼 _ 5. 只要 _ 6. 盼望;期望 _ 7. 由于;因为 _ 8. 发生 _ 9. 参加 _ 10. 对做出贡献 _,自我校对 1. stand for 2. in favor of 3. be made up of / consist of 4. stand out 5. as long as 6. look forward to 7. because of 8. take place9. participate in 10. make contributions to .,重点知识探究 重点单词 1. affair n. 事情;事务 Mind your own affairs. 少管闲事。 The Prime Minister is busy with affairs of state. 首相忙于政务。,知识梳理 与affair有关的其他短语： a public / private affair 公/私事 current affairs 时事 political affairs 政治事务,Graduation from university is an event in life. 大学毕业是人生中的大事。 Theres a car accident; people are in need of first aid. 出了交通事故;人们需要急救。 Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. 荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题.,探究练习 I cant say which wine is best its a (n) _ of personal taste. A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety,【解析】 C 考查名词辨析。event 一般指“历史事件或重大事件”; matter指“问题;困难;毛病;麻烦”, a matter of . “的问题”; affair是“事务”,可以是工作方面的,较正式。,2. demand vt. 要求;请求;询问 n. 要求;需要 This work demands care and patience. 这工作需要细心和耐心。 He demanded an immediate answer of / from me. 他要求我立即答复。 She demands to see you. 她要求见你。 I demand that one of you (should) go there at once. 我要求你们中有一人立即到那里去。,知识梳理 (1) demand+n. / pron.要求;需要 demand to do sth.要求做某事 demand of sb. to do要求某人做 demand that 从句中谓语动词用“(should+)do”的形式 demand sth. of / from sb.向某人要求某物 (2)a demand for sth.要求某物 meet / satisfy ones demands满足某人的需要 in demand(=in need)需求大 on demand一经要求,点津提示 demand 后不接不定式作宾补,即demand sb. to do sth. 是错误的。 求同存异 demand, require, request,They demanded better working conditions. 他们要求良好的工作条件。 Most plants require sunlight. 大部分植物都需要阳光。 All members are requested to attend the annual meeting. 年会要求所有的成员都参加。,探究练习 In our childhood, we were often _ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners. A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped,【解析】 B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们孩童时候,奶奶经常提醒我们注意餐桌礼仪。由此可以排除C项;再从动词搭配来考虑,A项、D项都只能用不定式来直接作宾语,只有B项可接动词不定式作宾补。,3. delighted adj. 高兴的;快乐的 Im delighted that the problem got settled. 我很高兴问题解决了。 发散思维 delight n. 高兴;快乐;乐事 vt. 使高兴;使欣喜 delightful adj. 令人高兴的;使人快乐的,知识梳理 take / find delight in . 以为乐 to ones delight 使某人高兴的是 with delight 高兴地;乐意地 be delighted at / by / with sth. 对感到高兴 be delighted to do sth. / that-clause 高兴做,探究练习 翻译句子。 (1)使他极为高兴的是,他的小说被批准出版了。 _ (2)我听到你成功的消息感到很高兴。 _,【答案】 (1)To his great delight / Much to his delight, his novel was accepted for publication. (2)Im delighted to hear your success.,4. arise vi.发生;出现 结合下列例句,体会arise的不同含义： The financial crisis arose first in America.(发生;出现) He arose at six this morning.(起床) She arose from her chair when he entered the room. (起身) Accidents usually arise from carelessness, so you should be careful while driving.(起因于),知识梳理 (1)作“呈现;出现;发生”之意时,主语多为以下抽象名词: argument / problem / quarrel / question / movement (2)arise from / out of由而引起;由而产生;从中产生,巧学助记,探究练习 We should always keep in mind that accidents _ from carelessness while driving. A. arise B. arouse C. begin D. cause,【解析】 A 句意：我们应永记心中,事故是由粗心驾驶引起的。arise from“由引起;从中产生”,符合句意。arouse“唤醒;激起”; begin“开始”; cause“引起;导致”是及物动词,不与from连用,也不符合句意。,高考体验 (2011江西) What is the price of petrol these days? Oh, it _ sharply since last month. A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased,【解析】 B 考查动词时态和词语的用法。根据题意可知应用现在完成时,主语the price与rise之间是主动关系,故选B。arise表示“出现；发生”,语意不恰当。,5. blame vt. 埋怨 He blamed you for neglect of duty. 他指责你玩忽职守。 Nobody was to blame for it. 这件事谁也不能怨。,知识梳理 (1) blame sb. for sth. / doing sth.因为某事责备某人责备某人做了某事 blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人 be to blame(for)应(为)承担责任;该(为)受责备(此处不能用被动语态) (2)accept / bear / take the blame for sth.对某事负责任 put / lay the blame for sth. on sb.将某事归咎于某人,点津提示 be to blame “应受责备”,用主动形式表被动含义,相当于should be blamed。 Which driver was to blame for the accident? 哪位司机该为此事故负责？,探究练习 Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _. A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed,【解析】 C be to blame “应受责备”,用主动形式表被动含义。,6. employ v.雇用;聘请;处理;利用(时间、精力于);使忙于;使从事于(后接反身代词) The company employs 2 000 people worldwide. 这家公司在全世界雇用了2 000名员工。,Her days are employed in gardening and voluntary work. 她整日忙于搞园艺和做义工。 Mr. Smith is employed as a teacher in the school. 史密斯受雇于这所学校当老师。 Are you in full-time employment? 你是做全职工作吗?,求同存异 hire / employ / rent 三者都有“租用;雇用”之意, hire是日常用语,指以工作量计酬的雇用人员; employ则多指商店或公司的长期雇用人员;rent一般指租借房屋、地产,表暂时租借也可用hire。 Hire out cars by the hour. 按钟点出租汽车。 The company employed 1 000 people. 这家公司雇用了1 000人。 The room rents at 10 a week. 这间房屋每星期租金10美元。,探究练习 (2013余姚模拟)_ in gardening and voluntary work, Mrs. Black leads a busy and rich life at her old age. A. Employing B. Employed C. To employ D. Being employed,【解析】 B be employed in“忙于”;在句中employed in . 为过去分词短语作状语。,7. attempt vt.努力 I attempted getting / to get in touch with her. 我试图与她取得联系。 He made no attempt to carry it out. 他无意将它付诸实践。,知识梳理 attempt to do / doing sth. 试图做 attempt+n. / pron. 尝试某事 make an attempt to do sth. / at doing sth. 尝试做某事 in an attempt to do sth. 努力尝试干某事 without any attempt to do sth. 无意做某事 发散思维 attempted adj. 未遂的,The prisoners tried (attempted) to escape but failed. 犯人企图逃跑,但未能得逞。 The prisoners managed to escape. 犯人设法逃跑了。,探究练习 A man is being questioned in relation to the _ murder last night. A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted,【解析】 C 此题考查动词辨析。句意：一个人正在接受(警察)有关昨晚故意杀人事件的询问。attempt是“倾向;有意;企图”的意思, an attempted murder意为“有企图或有预谋的杀人”,故选C。,8. pretend vt. & vi. 假装 He pretended to be reading a book when the teacher came in. 老师进来时,他假装在看书。 He pretended illness.=He pretended to be ill. 他在装病。 知识梳理 pretend+ n. 假装某事 pretend to do / to be doing / to have done 假装做某事/在做某事/已经做了某事 pretend+that-clause 假装,探究练习 He pretended _ when I saw him. A. to writing B. to be writing C. to write D. to have written,【解析】 B 句意：当我看到他时,他假装正在写字。由后面时间状语when I saw him可以推断前面动作正在做, pretend to be doing sth. “假装正在做某事”,符合题意。,9. respect vt. 尊重;尊敬 n. 尊敬;敬意;方面 How can you expect others to respect you if you dont respect yourself? 如果你连自己都不尊重自己的话,怎么能期待别人尊重你呢？ Give my respects to your father. 请代我向你父亲问好。,知识梳理 show / have respect for sb. 尊重某人 win the respect of . 赢得的尊敬 in respect of 关于;就而言 with respect to 关于;就而言 in this respect 在这方面 respect sb. for sth. 因尊重某人,发散思维 respectful adj. 表示敬意的 respective adj. 各自的;分别的 respectable adj. 体面的;得体的;值得尊敬的;相当好的;不丢面子的,探究练习 He wanted to become a writer, but his father didnt think it was a _ profession. A. respectable B. respectful C. respect D. respecting,【解析】 A 句意：他想成为一个作家,但他父亲认为那不是一个体面的工作。respectable “体面的;得体的;值得尊敬的;相当好的”; respectful “表示敬意的”; respect只能作动词或名词,意为“尊敬”; respecting为介词,“关于”。,10. certain adj. (1)某个;某些;某种(只作定语) To a certain degree it served his purpose. 在某种程度上这是为他的目的服务的。 He didnt go there for a certain reason. 因为某种理由他没有去那里。 (2)有把握的；肯定的(常作表语) Im not certain whether he will come. 他是否会来,我没有把握。 He is certain of success. 他对成功有把握。 He is certain to succeed. 他一定能成功的。,点津提示 be certain of sth. 表示主语对某事确信,有把握 be certain to do sth. 表示说话人的一种看法,“一定会;必定会” 求同存异 sure, certain 二者都可作表语,sure的主语通常为指人的词,意为“确信的”,“对有把握的”,“肯定的”等;certain的主语既可以是指人的词,也可以是指物的词, certain还可以作定语,意为“某个”、“某些”、“某种”。 It is certain that he will come tomorrow. 他明天一定会来。(此处不能换用sure),探究练习 It isnt quite _ that he will be present at the meeting. A. certain B. sure C. right D. exact,【解析】 A 句意：他会不会出席会议还不是很确定。it作主语时只能用certain不能用sure。其他两项不符合句意。,11. ahead adv. 向前;在前;领先 Look ahead when driving. 开车时要看前方。 The time here is 9 hours ahead of London. 这里的时间比伦敦早9小时。 知识梳理 ahead of 在前面;优于;胜于 go ahead 前进;请用吧;干吧,探究练习 Could I ask you a rather personal question? Sure, _. A. pardon me B. go ahead C. good idea D. forget it,【解析】 B go ahead表示“可以;问吧”,符合题意。pardon me“对不起”,请求对方再说一遍; good idea“好主意”,是对别人提议的赞同; forget it“没关系;不必在意”,是对别人表示道歉时的回答。,重点短语 1. stand for 代表;象征 What does USA stand for?=What do the letters USA stand for? USA代表什么？ 知识拓展 与stand有关的其他短语： stand by 站在旁边;袖手旁观;支持(某人);援助 stand out 突出;显眼 stand up 站立;站起来 stand doing sth. 容忍做某事,探究练习 You should _ what your parents expect of you. A. live up to B. stand up to C. look up to D. run up to,【解析】 A 句意：你应该不辜负你父母的期待。live up to 意为“实践;做到;不辜负”,符合句意; stand up to 意为“勇敢地抵抗”; look up to 意为“尊敬;仰望”; run up to 意为“达到;积累到”。,2. in favor of 赞同;支持 Is he in favor of cloning or against it? 他是赞成还是反对克隆行为？ Now add some more ideas in favor of your chosen variety. 现在再增加些新观点来支持你所选择的那一类。,知识拓展 in favour 赞同的;得宠的;流行的 out of favour 失宠的 in sb.s favour 对某人有利 do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙 do sth. as a favour 帮忙做某事 ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮个忙 owe sb. a favour 欠某人情份,探究练习 My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it. A. in honor of B. in memory of C. in favor of D. in search of,【解析】 C 句意：我姐姐反对我的建议而我哥哥却赞成它。in honour of“为纪念;向表示敬意”; in memory of“为了纪念”; in favor of“赞成;支持”; in search of“寻找”。故选C项。,高考体验 (2011湖北)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teathers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men. A. in terms of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in praise of,【解析】 C 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在被问到他们对校长的看法时,很多老师说他们宁愿看到他让贤于更年轻的人。句中的step aside表示“让位;让开”,后面接介词短语in favor of表示这些老师更赞成起用更年轻的人。in terms of“就而言”; in need of“需要”; in praise of“表扬;称赞”。,3. consist of=be made up of / be composed of 由组成 How many countries does the UK consist of? 英国由多少个国家构成？ Our class consists of seven groups. 我们班由7个小组组成。 点津提示 consist of 一般不用于进行时,且只能用于主动语态。 知识拓展 consist in主要是；主要在于,探究练习 翻译句子。 (1)这个代表团由十名著名影星组成。 _ (2)我们的高尔夫俱乐部有一百五十名会员。 _ (3)幸福在于健康。 _,【答案】 (1) This delegation consists of ten famous actors. (2) Our golf club consists of 150 members. (3) Happiness consists in good health.,4. as / so long as 只要 Ill lend you the money as / so long as you pay it back on time. 只要你按时归还,我就把钱借给你。 You can go out so long as you promise to be back before 11 oclock. 只要你答应11点以前回来,你就可以出去。,探究练习 My parents dont mind what job I do _ I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though,【解析】 C 根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句,引导词意思是：“只要”,选C。even though引导让步状语从句,意思是“即使”; as soon as引导时间状语从句,意思是“一就”; as though引导方式状语从句,意思是“仿佛;好像”。,高考体验 (2010江西) Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves. A. as long as B. unless C. as soon as D. though,【解析】 A 本题考查连词的用法。句意：我们这次度假花了很多钱。是吗？没关系,只要我们玩得高兴就行。as long as “只要”;unless“除非”;as soon as“一就”;though“尽管;虽然”。,重点句型 1. They want the leaders to cancel the debt of Africas poorest coutries so that the problems there can be prevented from getting any worse. 他们想让领导者取消非洲最贫困地区的债务以便防止那里的问题进一步恶化。 prevent / stop / keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 There was nothing that could prevent her from doing so. 没有什么能阻止她这样做。 Who prevents their plans from being carried out? 谁阻止他们计划的实施呢？,点津提示 (1) prevent / stop sb. from doing sth. 中from可以省略,但keep sb. from doing sth.中from不能省略。 (2)被动语态中from都不能省略。,探究练习 翻译句子。 (1)大雨不能阻止我们去那里。 _ (2)他被阻止执行他的计划。 _,【答案】 (1)The heavy rain cant stop / prevent / keep us from going there. (2) He was prevented / stopped / kept from carrying out his plan.,2. For example, some advertisements may suggest that buying a car can make you free. 例如,有些广告示意买车可以给你自由。 suggest vt. 建议;提出 (1)跟名词 He suggested the plan (to Peter). 他(向彼得)提出了这个计划。 (2)跟动名词 I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用不同的方法做这件事。,(3)跟从句(一般要用虚拟语气,即谓语动词由should+动词原形构成, should可省略) I suggest the work be done at once. 我建议立即做这工作。 点津提示 suggest只有在表示“建议”时候才能用虚拟语气,指“表明；暗示”时不用虚拟语气。 Are you suggesting that Im too old for the job? 你的意思是我太老了不适合这项工作了吗？,探究练习 What he did suggested that he _ little education. A. receive B. received C. should receive D. receives,【解析】 B 句意：他所做的表明他接受的教育很少。题干中的suggest若作“建议”讲,则A、C两个选项均为正确答案,所以这个假设不能成立。实际上这里的suggest只能作“暗示”解释,因为主句谓语动词是过去时,所以宾语从句谓语动词也应该用过去的某种时态。答案应该是B。,3. Instead, these advertisers look for other ways to make people notice their products. 相反地,广告设计者寻找别的方式来吸引人们关注他们的产品。 instead adv. 代替;相反地 I dont like this one; give me that instead. 我不喜欢这个,给我那个作为代替。 He didnt give John the money, but he gave it to me instead. 他没有把钱给约翰,相反,他把钱给了我。,知识拓展 instead of 代替;而不 后面跟名词、代词、动名词,有时也可以跟副词、形容词、动词原形、动词不定式、介词短语或复合结构 Give me the red one instead of the green one. 给我红的那个而不是绿的那个。,探究练习 We usually go to school by bike _ by bus. A. instead of B. in place of C. instead D. in case of,【解析】 A 句意：我们通常骑自行车去上学而不是坐车。instead of “代替;而不”, in place of为介词短语,也是“代替;而不”的意思, instead of 可接介词短语而in place of不能; instead常单独使用,放在句子末尾或前面都可以;in case of “以免;以防”。,4. However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. 然而,并不是所有的广告都是为了推销他们的产品和服务。 not all表示部分否定。 英语中有些表示整体含义的代词和副词,它们和否定词 not连用时,不是表示全部否定,否定的只是一部分。这样的词有 all, both, every, everybody, everything, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely, wholly。,All that glitters is not gold. 闪闪发光物,未必尽黄金。 I dont wholly agree with you. 我并不完全同意你。 All the students are not here on time. 所有的学生并非都按时来这儿。,点津提示 如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never) . at all等。,探究练习 翻译句子。 (1)并非人人都喜欢这本书。 _ (2)我不是两本书都要。 _ (3)并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。 _,【答案】 (1) Not everyone likes this book. (2) I dont want both of the books. (3) Not all bamboo grows tall.,随堂基础闯关 .单项填空 1. _ the extremely hot weather, we continued having classes. A. Thanks to B. In addition to C. In defenee of D. Regardless of,答案 D 解析 考查短语辨析。句意：尽管天气极其炎热,我们还是继续上课。thanks to“多亏”; in addition to“另外;此外”; in defence of“保护;为辩护”; regardless of“不管;不理会”。,2. (2013哈尔滨模拟)On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that the problems _ paid special attention to. A. being B. is C. was D. be,答案 D 解析 句意：在艾滋病日,健康部部长要求有关艾滋病的问题应受特别重视。demand“要求”后跟that从句时,从句中用should+动词原形, should可以省略,故D项正确。,3. The next day all the explorers and scientists made a scientific _ to the subject. A. approach B. means C. method D. way,答案 A 解析 approach“方法;途径”,常与介词to连用。means“方法;手段”,单复数形式相同; method指“系统理论的方法”,也可指做某事具体的步骤; way为最普通词,意义最为笼统,一般用“the way to do”或“the way of doing”。make an approach to .意为“对进行探讨”符合题意,答案为A。,4. (2013兰州模拟) Flight 321 _. Id better be on my way. Bye. Bye. Happy landing! A. was announced B. is being announced C. had announced D. is announced,答案 B 解析 句意：321航班正在广播起飞,我最好赶紧走,再见。再见,一路顺风!此处表示announce这一动作正在进行且是被动,用现在进行时的被动语态。,5. (2013厦门模拟) Youve finally figured out the puzzle! Yeah, in a complex way, _. A. too B. though C. either D. yet,答案 B 解析 考查though的用法。句意：你最后终于解出了这道难题！是的,但是,是以很复杂的方法。though在此处作副词,意为“然而;但是”,表示转折关系,放在句尾用逗号和前面句子隔开。,6. (2013常德模拟)Id rather _ to do something great and fail than do nothing and succeed! A. attempt B. attempting C. attempted D. to attempt,答案 A 解析 句意：我宁愿尝试做大事失败,也不愿意什么也不做而获得成功!本题考查句型would rather do . than do . “宁愿做而不愿做”; attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”。,7. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ it was! A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene,答案 A 解析 考查感叹句的表达方式。句意：那个小男孩骑着自行车在高速公路上全速行进,这是多么危险的一幕啊!What a dangerous scene it was! =How dangerous the scene was！,8. The new movie _ to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time. A. promises B. agrees C. pretends D. declines,答案 A 解析 句意：这部新电影有望成为电影票房史上票房最高的影片之一。