2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练36Alandofdiversity（含解析）新人教版.docx

课时提能练(三十六).阅读理解A(2019济南模拟)Lima，the capital of Peru(秘鲁)，has countless museums that tourists cant afford to miss.Now start packing up and prepare for your perfect Peruvian history exploration at these wonderful museums.Larco MuseumStepping inside，visitors get to learn the 4，000 years of Peruvian preColumbian history through an unbelievable collection of objects.The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely.Gold Museum of PeruIf you like shiny objects or precious metals，then plan a trip to Gold Museum of Peru.In ancient times，the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals.And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage.Lima Art MuseumArt experts are much pleased as the city is also home to Lima Art Museum.Its permanent exhibit of over 1，200 pieces is merely a small part of its amazing collection more than 17，000 artifacts.The highlight of the museum is its collection of Carlos BaeaFlor masterpieces，which is considered to be the most complete set in the world.Museum of Italian ArtThe only museum dedicated to European art in Peru，Museum of Italian Art is a storehouse of classical and contemporary paintings and sculptures belonging to the 20th century.The property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum.Museum of Natural HistoryLast but certainly not the least is the Museum of Natural History.Giving a glimpse into the rich biodiversity in Peru，the museum has on display the skeletons of a sperm whale and fossils of several mammals.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了秘鲁首都利马市的五个各具特色的博物馆。1In which museum can visitors enter the Storeroom?ALarco Museum. BGold Museum of Peru.CLima Art Museum.DMuseum of Natural History.A细节理解题。根据Larco Museum部分中的“The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely”可知，这个博物馆最棒的地方在于它对游客敞开了通往储藏室的门，这样游客就可以近距离欣赏它的收藏品了。故游客能够进入储藏室的博物馆是Larco Museum，故选A项。2What makes Gold Museum of Peru different from other museums?AIts exhibits of diversities of animals.BIts large collection of objects.CIts classical paintings and sculptures.DIts display of Peruvian skills with metals.D细节理解题。根据Gold Museum of Peru部分中的“the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals.And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage”可知，秘鲁人民因其金属技艺而闻名，Gold Museum of Peru旨在保护这一遗产。因此Gold Museum of Peru与其他博物馆的不同之处在于它展示并保护了秘鲁人民的金属技艺，故选D项。3Which museum is the closest to Lima Art Museum?AMuseum of Natural History.BMuseum of Italian Art.CLarco Museum.DGold Museum of Peru.B细节理解题。根据Museum of Italian Art部分中的“The property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum”可知，Museum of Italian Art距离Lima Art Museum只有一小段路，因此离Lima Art Museum最近的就是Museum of Italian Art，故选B项。B(2019武汉调研)When I graduated from the University of Iowa last year，I did something my friends did not understand.I left Iowa，where I had friends and stability，to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco.At school，I had found a job driving a school bus so people asked，“Why on earth are you leaving？”Well，at graduation I was presented with two thingsa degree in psychology and a question.It was the same one that many in my generation got：“What do I do now？”It was as difficult as it was common.Thats because many people at my age were raised with the same words，repeated over and over by parents，teachers and TV，that“you can be whatever you want to be”As a young boy，every time when I was puzzled about my future，they would say that they would be happy if I was happy.However，what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague idea，for example，“be a doctor，or be a bus driver”My experience was by no means universal.Many Americans are taught by their parents that the only purpose in life is to attain money and power.As a goal，this seems much easier and clearer than finding“happiness”or“gentleness”The result of this upbringing is that many of my classmates did not specialize in any particular skill，rather assuming that something would magically happen to overcome their problems.They often get a real shock when they enter the“real world”and find that their options are very limited.Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks after graduating，or have moved back in with their parents.My life on the boat is hard at times，especially during storms.But this is my small attempt to be happy on my own.Im not buying into my nations idea of limitless possibilities because I feel that stops the growth of many of todays youth.【语篇解读】本文是文化教育类夹叙夹议文。作者用自身的经历指出当今美国的一个社会问题：青少年需要父母更为具体的引导和教育，让他们知道自己将来具体想要做什么，而不是简单地告诉他们“成为你想成为的人”。4Why were the friends confused about the writers leaving?AHe was tired of driving.BHe suddenly quit school.CHe would lose his friends.DHe would lead a changing life.D推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词confused定位到文章第一段中的“I did something my friends did not understand.I left Iowa，where I had friends and stability，to live on a small houseboat near San Francisco”可知，作者离开了艾奥瓦州，那里有他的朋友，有稳定的工作，但他去了旧金山附近的一个船屋，开始自己一种新的生活，他的朋友们对他的这种做法很不理解，故答案是D。5What does the writer think of the guidance he got from American society?AIts specific. BIts wrong.CIts general.DIts correct.C推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词guidance定位到文章的第二段，这一段讲述了作者对于来自他人的指导的想法；根据第二段内容，尤其是其中的“what I needed was concrete advice but not a vague idea”可知，作者想要的是具体的建议，故可推知他认为他得到的指导是宽泛的，故答案是C。6What directly caused a lot of Americans to have jobs lower than their expectations?ATheir achievable goals.BThe practical guidance.CBeing shocked by the real world.DLacking professional competence.D细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“jobs lower than their expectations”定位到文章第三段最后一句“Many of my friends have taken jobs as waiters or cooks after graduating，or have moved back in with their parents”(我的很多朋友在毕业后都当了服务生或厨师，或者搬回去跟父母住在一起)，上文分析了导致这种情况的原因“The result of this upbringing is that many of my classmates did not specialize in any particular skill”，也就是说，父母的这种教育方式导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能。故答案是D。7Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AStay where you areBBe whatever you want to beCBlind faith in industrial societyDMistaken belief in limitless possibilitiesD主旨大意题。文章主要阐述了作者指出当前美国的一个社会问题：父母没有给孩子提出具体的、明确的建议，教育其孩子把钱和权力当成了生活的唯一目标，这导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能，在走上社会之后受到了影响，只能去做一些很低层次的工作。根据最后一段中的“Im not buying.todays youth”可知，作者批评了这种教育方式，并且不再相信美国社会的“无限可能”的信念。所以答案是D。.完形填空(2019长沙检测)One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future. In our _1_ we can see what has not yet happened. For example, while we are looking forward to _2_ a new place or country, we _3_ what it will be like. We predict the _4_ people will eat, dress and act. Of course, we do not always predict things _5_ . Things are often very different from the way we _6_ them to be.One of the _7_ dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist, Kekule, who had been _8_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics. He had _9_ and analyzed the problem from every angle for days, but there _10_ to be no way of _11_ out the answer. Then one night he went to bed and dreamed. When he _12_ up, he realized that he knew the answer. He had solved the problem in his _13_ .It is said that in order to figure out the process，the hypnotist(催眠者)sat in the chair opposite him and spoke _14_ ：“I want you to concentrate on my voice. Think about _15_ . You know nothing but my voice. And as you pay attention to my voice, your _16_ will get heavier. Soon youll be asleep.You will hear my voice and _17_ my words, but your body will be asleep, your eyes are too heavy. You are _18_ asleep, and when you wake up you will _19_ nothing.You will forget everything. Now I am going to _20_ slowly from one to five. One, two, three, four, five.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力。1A.brains Bsenses Cminds Dsights C根据前一句“One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此可知，空处指“思维”，故C项正确。2A.visitingBseeking Creaching Ddiscovering A根据该句中的“a new place or country”可以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine)那里会是什么样子。3A.imagineBknow Cfeel DguessA参见上题解析。4A.custom Bhabit Cstyle DwayD根据该段最后一句中的“the way”，并结合该句“We predict the _4_ people will eat，dress and act”可知，我们总会预测(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式。D项意为“方式”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“风俗”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“风格”。5A.quickly Bsimply Ccorrectly DneatlyC根据空处后一句“Things are often very different from the way we _6_ them to be”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预测事物。6A.required BwishedCleft DexpectedD参见上题解析。expect“预料，预期”。7A.funny Bdull Cfamous DsillyC根据该句中的“dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦。C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“有趣的”；B项意为“无趣的”；D项意为“愚蠢的”。8A.managingBtrying Cthinking DhopingB根据该句中的“Kekule，who had been _8_ to work out a very difficult problem in physics”及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理难题；try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境，故B项正确。manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”强调结果，与语境不符。9A.studied BlearnedCdiscussed DsearchedA根据该句中的“He had _9_ and analyzed the problem from every angle for days”可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题。10A.used Bought Cseemed DhadC根据该句中的“but there _10_ to be no way of _11_ out the answer”可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案。seem意为“似乎，好像”符合语境，故C项正确。11A.bringing Bfinding Cturning DlettingB参见上题解析。find out“弄清，查明”；bring out“使表现出”；