2020版高考英语复习课时作业（十一）（含解析）北师大版必修4.docx

课时作业(十一)课时练(一)阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：35分钟)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019烟台适应性考试In many fields youngsters are changing the world. Listed below are several influential young people.Muzoon Almellehan, 19Millions of children live in refugee camps (难民营), where few have access to school. Almellehan experienced these conditions firsthand after fleeing Syria. Fighting to change that, she travels the world to tell people about the significance of education. Almellehan, UNICEFs (United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund) youngestever goodwill ambassador now, plans to return to her homeland Syria finally.Aulii Cravalho, 17The Hawaii native voiced the heroine in Disneys hit movie Moana. Now Aulii is taking on a new role. Shell star on NBCs Rise, a drama about a high school theater department that lifts the spirits of a struggling steel town in Pennsylvania. Based on a true story, the show has strengthened her belief that young people can bring about real change.Moziah Bridges, 16At 9, Moziah launched his own handmade bowtie business from his grandmothers kitchen table. Now Mos Bows is worth about $ 1.5 million. More recently, Moziah signed a licensing deal with the NBA that lets him sell bow ties featuring team logos. But Moziah has even grander ambitions. He plans to expand globally. He credits his success to his natural sense of style.Mikaila Ulmer, 13Mikaila used to hate bees. She was stung (蜇) twice. But after learning honeybees are critical to the ecosystem and dying out, she developed a fascination with them. She was determined to help. Using her greatgrandmothers recipe, Mikaila made a mixture, sweetened with local honey. She sold it at community business fairs, donating 10% of her profits to honeybeeadvocate groups. Mikaila also runs a nonprofit group called the Healthy Hive Foundation, whose goal is to raise awareness about the hardship of the honeybee.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个有影响力的年轻人。1What did Aulii Cravalho learn from the drama Rise?AYoung people indeed have the ability to make a difference.BHigh school theater department can help the steel town.CShe can voice any kind of NBC drama in the future.DShe has the ability to take up acting as her lifelong profession.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。由第三段中的Based on a true story, the show has strengthened her belief that young people can bring about real change.可知，Aulii Cravalho认为年轻人的确有能力做出改变。故正确答案为A。2Mikaila began to do business with the purpose of _.Amaking money to help people in needBrescuing the endangered but beneficial honeybeesCputting her greatgrandmothers recipe to good useDdeveloping a traditional technique for producing honey答案与解析：B考查细节理解。由最后一段中的But after learning honeybees are critical to the ecosystem and dying out, she developed a fascination with them. She was determined to help.以及Mikaila的具体行动可知，她做生意的目的是为了拯救濒临灭绝但对生态系统至关重要的蜜蜂。故正确答案为B。3What do the four young people have in common?AThey are commercially successful.BTheyre leading a wealthy and full life.CTheyve gained wide recognition now.DThey have no interest in academic subjects.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。由第一段中的In many fields youngsters are changing the world. Listed below are several influential young people.以及下文对这几位年轻人的具体介绍可推知，他们现在得到了广泛的认可。故正确答案为C。B2019太原模拟Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drivethrough window of a local cafe, he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him. He also asks the restaurant workers to tell the customer to have a great day, in case theyre not already having one.Oliver has never made a big deal out of his own generous actions until a letter was published by a news website in November. He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfast he had saved a life.According to the website, someone had written a letter stating that on July 18th, he was planning on committing suicide. The writer said that while he was at the drivethrough window, he was planning on going home, writing a note and ending his life. When he went to pay for his coffee and muffin, however, the cashier told him that the man in the SUV in front of him had picked_up_the_tab and told him to have a great day.“I wondered why someone would buy coffee for a stranger for no reason，” said the writer. “Why me? Why today? If I were a religious man, I would take this as a sign. This random act of kindness was directed at me on this day for a purpose.”When the writer arrived home, he couldnt hold back his tears and started to think about the simple good deed that had affected him so deeply. “I decided at that moment to change my plans for the day and do something nice for someone. I ended up helping a neighbor take groceries out of her car and into the house.”The writer said that in the months following that fateful event, he does at least one kind thing for others every day. “To the nice man in the SUV, thank you from the bottom of my heart. Please know your kind gesture has truly saved a life，” he said. “On July 18, 2017, I had the greatest day.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Glen Oliver在得来速(免下车式窗口)买咖啡时总习惯为下一位顾客付钱，没想到他的善举挽救了一个准备自杀的人的生命。这个准备自杀的人准备付钱时，得知有人已经为他付过钱了，他深受感动，放弃了自杀的念头，决定做一个善良的乐于助人的人。【难句分析】When the writer arrived home, he couldnt hold back his tears and started to think about the simple good deed that had affected him so deeply.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“When the writer arrived home”为when引导的时间状语从句。“that had affected him so deeply”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“the simple good deed”，that在从句中作主语。译文：当这位作者回到家里，他忍不住流下了眼泪，开始思考那个对他影响如此深远的简单的善行。4What is Olivers act of kindness every day?ABuying others breakfast.BGreeting restaurant workers.CPublishing positive news.DTaking groceries for neighbors.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drivethrough window of a local cafe, he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him”可知，Glen Oliver每天早晨买咖啡时都为下一位顾客付钱。故A项正确。5What is special about Olivers act of kindness on July 18, 2017?AIt brought him thankyou letters.BIt was reported on a news website.CIt was the first time hed paid for others.DIt stopped someone from killing himself.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfast he had saved a life”并结合本文最后一句“On July 18, 2017, I had the greatest day”可知，2017年7月18日对Oliver来说是特别的一天，因为那天他挽救了一个准备自杀的人的生命。故D项正确。6What does the underlined phrase“picked up the tab” mean in Paragraph 3?APaid the bill.BParked the car.CLeft a message. DOrdered a drink.答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据第四段第一句“I wondered why someone would buy coffee for a stranger for no reason”可知，那个准备自杀的人思考，为什么会有人无理由地给陌生人买咖啡；结合该句“When he went to pay for his coffee and muffin, however, the cashier told him that the man in the SUV in front of him had picked up the tab and told him to have a great day”可知，当他准备付钱时，收银员告诉他坐在SUV里的那个人已经为他付过钱了，并祝他有美好的一天。据此可以判断，画线词义为“付钱”。故A项正确。7How did the writer of the letter feel after the event?AHe felt guilty. BHe felt grateful.CHe felt confused. DHe felt saddened.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第六段第二句“To the nice man in the SUV, thank you from the bottom of my heart. Please know your kind gesture has truly saved a life”可知，那个准备自杀的人衷心感谢那个坐在SUV中的善良的人，感谢他的善良挽救了他的生命。故B项正确。C2019贵阳检测A new library in Tianjin Tianjin Binhai Public Library recently became an online hit. The Daily Mail described it as the “worlds ultimate (终极的) library”， while the word “breathtaking” was the choice of Newsweek magazine. One look at the library and youll see why. With its futuristic (未来派的) design and walls loaded with books, its the dream library of every book lover.But as the surprise continues, theres a burning question lying in the back of our minds: When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries safe from the wave of digitization (数字化)? And do we really still need libraries now that weve got the Internet in our hands?Reporter Ian Clark has the answer.“Libraries are not declining in importance people are simply changing the way they use them，” he wrote on The Guardian website.What Clark means is that libraries have shifted from simply being storehouses of books to a medium to help “bridge the gap between the haves and the havenots”， according to website Libraries Are Essential. Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow to search the Internet correctly and efficiently, its public libraries that make sure that these resources and technologies are available to a larger group of people.“Nobody is trying to sell you anything in the library. There is no pressure to buy and there is no judgment of your choices，” Anne Goulding, a professor at Victoria University of Wellington in New Zealand, wrote on the Newsroom website. “There are few other spaces that you can just be in without somebody questioning your presence or your motivation.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要说明了在数字化时代，图书馆存在的原因。【难句分析】Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow to search the Internet correctly and efficiently, its public libraries that make sure that these resources and technologies are available to a larger group of people.分析：本句是一个复合句，其中包含Since引导的原因状语从句，原因状语从句中又包含由and连接的两个并列句，主句为its public libraries. people，是强调句型。译文：因为不是每个人都能买得起智能手机、平板电脑或能连接到互联网，而且不是每个人都知道正确和高效地搜索互联网的窍门，正是(有了)公共图书馆(才)确保这些资源和技术可以提供给更大的人群。8What cause book lovers to like Tianjin Binhai Public Library?ABreathtaking magazines.BWorlds ultimate buildings.CDesign and book walls.DDigitization.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“One look at the library and youll see why. With its futuristic (未来派的) design and walls loaded with books, its the dream library of every book lover”可知，让图书爱好者喜欢上天津滨海公共图书馆的是它的设计和书墙。9Where does the text most probably come from?AA fiction. BA tour guide.CA newspaper. DA book.答案与解析：C考查文章出处。根据第一段中的“A new library in Tianjin Tianjin Binhai Public Library recently became an online hit. The Daily Mail described it as the worlds ultimate (终极的)”可知，这篇文章可能出自报纸。10Why are physical libraries necessary to exist?AEveryone has a phone with them.BSome people are still used to the old ways.CMore and more people use computers.DPeople can buy what they want there.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Since not everyone can afford a smartphone, a tablet or an Internet connection, and not everyone has the knowhow. are available to a larger group of people”可知，由于并不是每个人都能通过网络获取知识，所以一些人依然在使用老方法，即去图书馆获取知识。11What does the text mainly talk about?ALibraries living on in the digital age.BInternet libraries nowadays.CPhysical libraries in the past.DPeoples dream libraries.答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。根据全文内容尤其是第二段中的“When physical bookstores are closing down one by one, what makes libraries. now that weve got the Internet in our hands”可知，这篇文章的主旨是在数字化时代，图书馆仍将继续存在。D2019石家庄一模Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies. Most time the task is easily accomplished with parents reading or talking to their babies. However, in some cases that is not possible due to busy work schedules or when kids are born deaf. Now, an adorable blueeyed robot, a human avatar, and some hightech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task.The Robot AVatar thermalEnhanced system, or RAVE, is the brainchild of a team of researchers led by LauraAnn Petitto, an educational neuroscientist, at Washington, DC.s Gallaudet University. The learning process begins when the robots camera, which is focused on the babys face, detects tiny changes in his/her body temperature. This, combined with the babys facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the babys attention to a computer screen, on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby, much like a parent would. For example, if the baby points towards the screen, the avatar might respond, “Are you pointing to me？” and follow that up with a nursery rhyme, fairy tale, or some essential social communication, all in American Sign Language (ASL). The “conversation” continues until the kid loses interest.The researchers, who have been testing the system for three years, found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes. Petitto says natural language, whether communicated through speech or sign, activates the same parts of the brain and believes the rhythmic motions prove the babies are learning the essential elements of communication.What sets this technique apart from other methods, such as showing educational videos or television shows, is its interactive nature and realtime response to the babys actions. The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the systems longterm influence on baby communication, the initial response has been very encouraging. Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的展望。【难句分析】The researchers, who have been testing the system for three years, found that babies as young as 6 to 8 months old began to move their hands in a rhythm similar to ASL after interacting with RAVE for just a few minutes.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“who have been testing the system for three years”为who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The researchers”，关系代词在从句中作主语。译文：研究人员已经对该系统进行了三年的测试，发现6到8个月大的婴儿在与RAVE互动仅仅几分钟后，就开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手。12What can the RAVE system help parents do?AImprove babies health condition.BTake good care of babies.CDevelop babies language skills.DKeep babies company.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Experts believe that the best time to teach kids language skills is when they are babies”可知，专家认为教孩子语言技能的最佳时间是孩子的婴儿时期；结合第一段尾句“Now, an adorable blueeyed robot, a human avatar, and some hightech neuroscience may be able to assist parents with this important developmental task”以及第二段中的“The Robot. a team of researchers”可知，RAVE系统可以帮助父母完成教婴儿学习语言的任务。故C项正确。13What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?AHow babies learn ASL effectively.BHow parents educate their babies.CHow robots talk and read to babies.DHow the RAVE system works.答案与解析：D考查段落大意。根据第二段第二、三句“The learning. her body temperature. This, combined with the babys facial expression, causes the robot to turn its head and guide the babys attention to a computer screen, on which a human avatar starts to communicate with the baby, much like a parent would”可知，机器人的摄像头可以检测到婴儿细微的体温变化并与婴儿的面部表情相结合，使机器人转动头部，引导婴儿注意电脑屏幕，在电脑屏幕上，一个人类的形象开始与婴儿交流，就像父母一样；结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理。故D项正确。14What indicates babies are learning with the help of the RAVE system?AInterest in videos and TV shows.BChanges in their body temperature.CImprovement in their natural language.DHand movements in a rhythm like ASL.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“babies as young. a few minutes”可知，在和这种系统交流互动之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手。故D项正确。15What do the researchers think of the RAVE system?APromising. BImpractical.CSatisfactory. DDisappointing.答案与解析：A考查观点态度。根据第四段第二、三句“The researchers say that while it is too early to determine the systems longterm influence on baby communication, the initial response has been very encouraging. Next, they plan to introduce an avatar that can both sign and speak to babies”可知，尽管对这种系统培养婴儿交流技能的长期影响进行评价为时过早，但是其初期的表现令人鼓舞，研究人员将在下一步推出可以用手语和口语与婴儿交流的形象。据此可知，研究人员对这种系统的发展是充满着希望的，A项意为“有前途的，有希望的”，符合语境。故A项正确。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019郑州质量预测Helen Keller once wrote, “The unselfish effort to bring cheer to others will be the beginning of a happier life for ourselves.”_1_ The UN has set December 5 as International Volunteer Day to give recognition to these people.Nineteenyearold Andrew Makhoul was a communications major at the University of Pennsylvania. It was coming up to spring break, but unlike his classmates, Makhoul wasnt planning on spending the break relaxing._2_He traveled to Guatemala. He went to an orphanage (孤儿院) in one of the most violent and poor parts of Guatemala City. _3_ Although he didnt speak much Spanish, he found communication wasnt a problem：“You communicated with love.” And what he gave out, he got back：“You could see love when you looked in their eyes.”Makhouls first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew hed be back in the future._4_ The UN highlighted the case of Palestinian women who are survivors of breast cancer. As part of the UNs Aid and Hope Programme for Cancer Patient Care, the women have been volunteering their time to create lowcost breast prostheses (假体) to be distributed to women for free, among whom Shahd ElSwerki is a brilliant example. _5_ By the end of her time there, she admired these women who are “not only survivors but also volunteers”About 2,400 years ago, Greek philosopher Aristotle said, “The essence (本质) of life is to serve others and do good.” Volunteers all around the world are making these words come true, each and every day.AIt depends upon volunteers to stay open.BShe worked with the women as part of the programme.CHere, we tell two volunteering stories from around the globe.DSometimes, volunteers themselves live with huge challenges.EHe decided to spend his time doing something useful for people.FVolunteers want to do their best to make the world warmer and more beautiful.GThese words certainly prove true for the millions of volunteers all over the world.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了志愿活动的意义以及一些志愿者所从事的志愿活动。1答案与解析：G上文提到Helen Keller的话：为他人带来快乐的无私努力将是我们自己更幸福生活的开始。G项意为“这些话对全世界数以百万计的志愿者来说无疑是真实的”与下文语义衔接。其中unselfish effort与volunteers相呼应。故选G。2答案与解析：E上文说春假就要开始了，但是和他的同学不同的是，Makhoul不打算把时间花在