2013届高考英语一轮复习考案选修8U.ppt

晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,高端数据,2010年广东卷,以下是一则关于中国政府决定禁烟的报道的主要内容。,内 容:公共场所禁烟,实施时间:2011年1月1日起,实施范围:全国,目 标:所有室内公共场所无烟,措 施:张贴禁烟标志,相关数据:,(1)吸烟人数:约3.5亿,(2)分 布:男性75%;女性:25%,(3)受二手烟影响人数:约5.4亿,(4)因二手烟死亡人数:超过10万/年,二手烟:second-hand smoke,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,写作内容,请根据以上内容给学校英语墙报写一篇通讯,内容包括:,1.禁烟决定的内容及实施的时间和范围;,2.目标和措施;,3.相关数据。,写作要求,只能用5个句子表达全部内容。,评分标准,句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,佳作欣赏,My country begins to carry out the policy that prevents smoking in,public buildings since January 1st, 2011.(开门见山,讲明活动的内容 、开始的时间和范围)The main aim is to make every public room have no smoke by posting the sign of preventing smoking.(目标和措 施) There are 350 million people smoking recently, in which the male hold 75 percent and the female hold 25 percent.(提供相关的数 据)Because of these smokers, about 540 million non-smokers are influ- enced. More than 100 thousand people die per year because of the sec- ond smoke.(造成的严重后果),晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,必备佳句,句中的to make every public room have no smoke是动词不定式短 语在句中作表语,此用法简洁明了,表达了禁烟的坚定性。,用动词不定式完成句子:,我们学校的运动会下周举行。,Our school sports meeting is next week.,【答案】to take place,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,句中的in which是“介词+关系代词”引导的是非限制性定语从 句,修饰上文的350 million people,并对其内容做了进一步的细化。,用“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句完成句子:,他造了一个望远镜,通过它可以观测星星。,He built a telescope he could watch the star.,【答案】through which,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.The more you use a dictionary, the more useful it will be to you. 你越 用字典,字典就对你越有用。,2.Youve done so much work that youre bound to pass the exam.你下 了很多功夫,你一定能考及格。,3.But as time went on, they found their efforts to respect their students paid off.但是随着时间的流逝,老师们发现对学生的尊重收到了意想 不到的效果。,1.We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,hope. (Martin Luther King, Jr.) 我们必须接受失望,因为它是有限的, 但千万不可失去希望,因为它是无穷的。(马丁路德金),2.The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today. (Franklin Roosevelt, American president) 实现明天理想的唯一 障碍是今天的疑虑。 (美国总统,富兰克林罗斯福),3.At twenty years of age, the will reigns; at thirty, the wit; and at forty, the judgment. (B.Franklin) 二十岁时起支配作用的是意志,三十岁时 是机智,四十岁时是判断。(富兰克林),晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1. vi.不同;相异 adj.不同的 n.不同之 处,2. adj.精确的;准确的;精密的 adv.精确地;准确地,3. adj.商业的;贸易的 n.商业;贸易,4. v. 反对;不赞成 n. 不赞成;反对;异议,5. adj. 道德(上)的;伦理的 adv.道德上地;伦理上,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,地,6. vt.积累;聚积 n.积累;聚积,7. n.假定;设想 v.以为;设想;承担;呈现,8. n.规则;规章;法规 v.规范;调节 adj.定期的;有规律的;正规的,9. v.抵抗;对抗 n.抵抗;反抗;抵抗力 adj.有抵抗力的,10. adv.仅;只;不过 adj.仅仅的;只不过的,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1. 沮丧;不愉快,2. 反对,3. 赞成;支持,4. 成功;得到回报,5. 使复活,6. 状况很好,7. 白费力气,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,8. 不时;偶尔,9. 使刻骨铭心,10. 一定做某事,1.Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.,2.However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.This is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s as this list shows.,4.The more you do this, the more you will find yourself becoming com- fortable with sound of the language.,1but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.但是, 像中国和英国一样的其他国家继续积累丰富的克隆技术以提供的 医疗援助。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,真题探究,(2011湖北)Clinical evidence began to , suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predict- ed from experiments in animals.,A.operate B.strengthen C.approve D.accumulatex,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.Is it in favour of cloning or against it? 它是赞成克隆还是反对?,真题探究,(2011湖北)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside younger men.,A.in terms of B.in need of,C.in favor of D.in praise of,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,词汇拓展:,1.differ; different; difference 2.exact; exactly 3.commercial; com- merce 4.object; objection 5.moral; morally,6.accumulate; accumulation 7.assumption; assume 8.regulation; regulate; regular 9.resist; resistance; resistant,10.merely; mere,短语在线:,1.cast down 2.object to 3.in favor of 4.pay off 5.bring back to life 6.in good condition 7.in vain 8.from time to time 9.strike in- to ones heart 10.be bound to do,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,教材链接:,1.【命题分析】考查动词辨析。,【答案与解析】D 句意:临床证据开始逐渐 ,表明新药品 比从动物实验中预测的有着更大范围的有用的活动。operate“运 转”;strengthen“加强”;approve“赞成;同意”;accumulate“积聚 ”。根据上下文语意,D项符合句意。,2.【命题分析】考查介词短语辨析。,【答案与解析】C 句意:当被问及对他们校长的看法时,许多老师 更想他能 年轻人。in favor of“赞成;支持”;in terms of “就而论;在方面”;in need of“需要”;in praise of“赞扬 ”。根据step aside可判断是想让校长让位即“支持”年轻人,所以 选C项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.object vi. 反对;不赞成(常和介词to连用,后面接名词、代词或v-ing 形式),用法拓展,object to sth / doing反对某事(做某事),objection n. 反对,objector n. 反对者,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)I rewriting the article.,我反对重写那篇文章。,(2)As long as it benefits them, they really wont the project.,只要对他们有利,他们并不真的反对这个项目。,【答案】(1)objected (2)object to,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)完成句子,全世界有许多人反对用动物做实验。,All over the world, many people exper- iments with animals.,如果我们要过和平与民主的生活,我们一定要反对战争。,If we want to live a peaceful and democratic life, we must .,【答案】object to doing object to war,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2011 江苏南通二模) Do you know why so many people his plan?,Because it was not very practical.,A.point to B.stick to C.object to D.prefer to,【答案与答案】C 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文的“因为它不实 用”判断,上文的意思应为“你知道为什么那么多人反对他的计划 吗?”,所以用object to。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.retire vi. 退休;离开,用法拓展,retire from.从退休,retire as. 作为退休,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)Mr Brown has decided to open a store .,布朗先生决定退休后开家商店。,(2)He Formula One racing at the end of the sea- son.,这个赛季末后他不再参加一级方程式赛车了。,(3)The statesman the mayor of London.,那位政治家退休时是伦敦市市长。,【答案】(1)when he retires (2)retired from (3)retired as,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)用retire相关短语的适当形式填空,Since the company, she has done voluntary work for a charity.,He was forced early because of poor health.,【答案】retiring from to retire,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012山东省实验中学质检) for almost two years, he now wants to find something useful to do.,A.Retiring B.Having retired,C.To have retired D.Being retired,【答案与解析】B 考查非谓语动词形式。根据语义可知,retire与 逻辑主语he之间存在主动关系,且空格后的时间状语表示一段时间, 所以用v-ing形式的完成时。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.bother vt. 打扰; vi. 操心 n. 烦扰(bother 作动词时后可接名词、代 词、动词不定式和v-ing形式),用法拓展,bother about因烦恼,bother sb about / with 使某人烦恼,It bothers me that. 让我烦恼,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)You do not need lunch. Everything has been organized.,你们不必担心午餐等问题,一切都已安排妥当。,(2)I try about what other people think.,我尽量不让别人的想法干扰我。,(3)Im sorry , but can you help me?,打扰你,真是抱歉,但你能帮我一下吗?,【答案】(1)to bother about (2)not to bother (3)to bother you,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)完成句子,他把我的生日忘了,我的确很烦恼。,It really that hed forgotten my birthday.,外面很乱,但并没有打扰我。,It was very noisy outside, but that .,【答案】bothered me didnt bother me,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012 河北石家庄一模)Why to go abroad to study, when there are so many good universities at home?,A.imagine B.bother C.consider D.prevent,【答案与解析】B 考查动词辨析。根据语法规则可知,imagine和 consider后不能直接跟动词不定式;prevent意为“阻止”,不合句意; bother to do“为做某事费神”。句意“为什么费神到国外学习呢?”,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,4.strike vt. 罢工 n. 罢工,用法拓展,go on strike举行罢工,be on strike在罢工,It strikes sb that.某人突然想到,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)When will the worker ?,工人们何时罢工?,(2) that she had come to borrow money.,我突然意识到她是来向我借钱的。,(3)He felt that on the head.,他感觉到有人打在了他的头上。,【答案】(1)go on strike (2)It struck me (3)he was struck,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)完成句子,他到家时正好12点。,The clock when he got home.,出租汽车司机已罢工一周了。,The taxi drivers have for a week.,【答案】struck twelve been on strike,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012天津南开中学质检)It me all of a sudden that I had left my key to the car in the office.,A.thought B.struck,C.happened D.occurred,【答案与答案】B 考查固定句型。happen和occur都是不及物动 词,不能接宾语;think的主语应该是人;该题填strike构成“it strikes me that=it occurred to me that.”句型,意为“我突然想到”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,5.owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于(是及物动词),用法拓展,owe sb money欠某人多少钱,owe.to.把归功于,owe sb for.因而欠某人(的),晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)I have already paid off all the money I .,我已经把欠他们的钱全部还清了。,(2)We today to the Party.,我们今天的幸福应归功于党。,(3)Can you tell me how much I ?,你能告诉我我欠你多少钱吗?,【答案】(1)owed them (2)owe our happiness (3)owe you,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)完成句子,你的成功很大部分都归功于你的父母和老师们。,You owe a lot of your parents and teachers.,我还欠你的出租车费。,I still the taxi.,【答案】your success to owe you for,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012 山西临汾一模)We should the achievement made in China in the past 30 years to the Partys policy.,A.owe B.contribute C.refer D.devote,【答案与解析】A 考查动词辨析。句意:我们应该把中国近三十 年的成就 党的政策。根据句意可知,此处缺少的意思是 “归功于”,所以选owe。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.pay off 得到好的结果;取得成功;偿清,用法拓展,pay for.为付钱/付出代价,pay the bill付账单,pay out付出,get paid获得报酬,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)The firm will go broke if it cant pay off its debts in two months.,如果公司不能在两个月内偿还债务,便会破产。,(2)We must bear in mind these lessons blood.,我们要记住这些血的教训。,(3)I want to know who is going to .,我想知道谁来付账单。,【答案】(2)paid for with (3)pay the bill,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)用上面相关短语的适当形式填空,But as time went on, they found their efforts to respect their students .,Every person the effects of the disaster in many ways.,【答案】paid off paid for,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012山东烟台四中高三联考)Was Mary admitted to the university at last?,Yes, her efforts finally .,A.paid in B.paid for,C.paid with D.paid off,【答案与解析】D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:“玛丽最终上大学 了吗?”“是的,她的努力最终得到了 。”根据语义可知, 上大学是努力的结果,所以她的努力得到了回报。pay off“得到好,的结果;得到回报”,所以选D项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.be bound to (do)一定或注定(做),用法拓展,be bound up in sth忙于某事;热衷于某事物,be bound up with sth与某事物关系密切,be bound for.准备去,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)Youve done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam.,你下了很多功夫,你一定能考及格。,(2)I feel you that youre drinking too much!,我觉得有必要跟你说你喝得太多了。,【答案】(2)bound to tell,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)完成句子,Her life was the study of nuclear physics.,她一生专心于核物理学的研究工作。,His future is closely that of the com- pany.,他的前途与公司的前途紧紧地联结在一起。,【答案】bound up in bound up with,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012 东北师大附中质检)Do you like what she is doing?,No, I think what she is doing is to raise arguments.,A.fond B.bound C.eager D.actual,【答案与解析】B 考查形容词辨析。句意:“你喜欢她做的事情 吗?”“不喜欢,我认为她做的事情肯定会引起争议。”根据语境可 知,意为“注定”。B项最符合句意。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.in good / bad condition状况很好/坏,用法拓展,in / under.conditions 在环境中;在形势下,on condition that条件是;如果,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)There is no need to repair the car because it is in very bad condition.,没有必要修理这辆车了,它的状况太差了。,(2)It is very important to keep your teeth .,保持牙齿良好是很重要的。,(3)Many roads are and accidents are frequent.,许多路况很差而且事故频发。,【答案】(2)in good condition (3) in bad condition,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)完成句子,你要穿上外衣才能出去。,You can go out you wear an overcoat.,在艰难的情况下,他们挺了过来。,They managed to get through .,【答案】on condition that under difficult conditions,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012安徽安庆质检)The bicycle is that it needs to be re- paired.,A.in such a bad condition B.in such bad condition,C.in so bad a condition D.in so bad condition,【答案与解析】B 考查介词短语的用法。condition表示“条件” 时是可数名词,表示“状况”时是不可数名词。根据主语bicycle和 repaired可知,此处的condition表示“状况”,所以也不能用冠词a。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 她好像发育很正常,这个事实非常令人鼓舞。,要点精讲,句中的that是连接词,引导同位语从句,用来说明the fact的内容 。that引导同位语从句时在句中不作句子成分,但是不能省略。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,句式仿写,(1)我们不能否认有战争存在这个事实。,(2)他被大学录取的消息很快就传遍了全村。,(3)有消息说中国女足在世界杯比赛中获得第二名。,【答案】(1)We cant deny the fact that there are wars.,(2)The news that he was admitted into college traveled around the vil- lage very quickly.,(3)Word came that the Chinese Women Football Team won the second prize in the World Cup.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,真题探究,(1)(2011上海)There is clear evidence the most difficult feel- ing of all to interpret is bodily pain.,A.what B.if C.how D.that,【命题分析】考查同位语从句引导词的用法。,【答案与解析】D 句意:有明显的证据表明,所有最难诠释的感觉 是身体上的疼痛。根据句意可知,从句所表示的是evidence的内容, 从句句子成分完整,所以用that引导从句,作evidence的同位语。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)(2011辽宁)When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.,A.since B.which C.that D.because,【命题分析】考查同位语从句引导词的用法。,【答案与解析】C 句意:当战争爆发的消息传来,他决定参军。the war broke out是news的具体内容,所以是同位语从句,从句中不缺少 成分,所以用that引导。故选C项。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.However, scientists still wonder whether clon