（新课标）高考英语第1部分Book3Unit3Backtothepast教案（含解析）牛津译林版.docx

Book 3Unit 3Back to the past晨读暮诵单元话题文化遗产1ancestor n祖先2nation n国家；民族3origin n起源；起因4altitude n海拔；高度5replace v取代；替换6account v认为；说明7defend v保护；保卫8announce v宣告；宣布9previous adj.早先的10ancient adj.古代的11in the distance 在远处12in return 作为回报13at one time 一度；从前14to ones credit 值得赞扬15tell apart 区别16come into being 开始存在；产生17believe it or not 信不信由你18leave sth.to sb. 把某物留给某人1Im convinced that as long as we set our mind to it，we can protect the cultural heritages left by our ancestors.我坚信，只要下定决心，我们就能保护好祖先留给我们的文化遗产。2The temple is a national cultural heritage，with a history of about 1,000 years.这座寺庙是国家级文化遗产，有着大约一千年的历史。3China lies in the east of Asia，with an area of about 9.6 million square kilometers.中国地处亚洲东部，面积约960万平方千米。4The coastal line covers more than 18,000 kilometers.海岸线长达18 000多千米。(2018高考北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：(1)表示欢迎；(2)推荐他上哪所大学；(3)建议他做哪些准备工作。注意：(1)词数不少于50；(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim，_Yours，Li Hua参考范文Dear_Jim，Im so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter.First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture.As for preparation, some reading in advance is needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.I sincerely hope your dream will come true and its my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes.If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.Yours，Li_Hua高频词汇1_ (n.)文明2_ (vt.)装饰，装潢3_ (vt.)毁坏，摧毁4_ (adj.)商业的，贸易的5_ (adj.)富有的，富裕的6_ (adv.)渐渐地，逐渐地7_ (n.)废墟；毁坏(vt.)破坏；毁灭8_ (n.)遗物，遗迹，遗骸9_ (prep.)在之下10_(vi.)爆炸11_ (adj.)极度的；极端的12_ (n.)表达；表情，神色13_ (n.)观众，听众14_ (n.)仪式，典礼15_ (vt.)宣布，宣称16_ (vi.&n.)前进，进发；游行17_ (n.)辉煌；荣耀；光荣18_ (adv.)(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先19_ (n.)基础；基准；原因20_(n.)法官，审判员；裁判员【答案】1.mercial5wealthy6.gradually7.ruin8.remains9.beneath10explode11.extreme12.expression13.audience14ceremony15.declare16.march17.glory18.ahead19basis20.judge派生词汇1_ (vt.)兴建，创建_(过去式、过去分词)2_ (adj.)不幸的，遗憾的_ (adj.)幸运的_(adv.)幸运3_ (vt&vi.)逃避，逃跑_(过去式、过去分词)4_ (adj.)意识到的，察觉到的_(adj.)意识不到的_(n.)意识5_ (n.)毒药，毒物(vt)毒害，下毒_(adj.)有毒的6_(adj.)文化的_(n.)文化词缀归纳wealthy是由“名词wealth后缀y”构成的形容词。常见的含有后缀y的高频形容词有：cloudy多云的；lucky幸运的；healthy健康的；funny滑稽的；salty多盐的。【答案】1.found；founded2.unfortunate；fortunate；fortunately3.flee；fled4.aware；unaware；awareness5.poison；poisonous6.cultural；culture语境活用1We should make him _(意识到) of the importance of stopping smoking.2Old people cant live in the _ (极端的) weather because they cant stand the climate too hot or too cold.3Muhammad Ali returned to the Olympic Games in Atlanta in 1996 to light the Olympic flame at the opening _(仪式)4The book was highly praised by some experts, but it did not prove to be such a _(商业的) success.5A British club arranged for high school students to go to the places where there are lost _(文明)6The soldiers m_ twenty miles with ease the other day.7Even the newlybuilt tower was d_ in this terrible earthquake. 8We judge a worker on the b_ of his performance. 9As we all know, France is the first country to d_ war on Libya.10The two children want to d_ their moms bedroom with these roses.【答案】1.mercial5.civilizations6.marched7.destroyed8.basis9declare10.decorate 1take _夺取；接管2_ protection 受保护3turn _ 结果是4break _ 分解；失败；崩溃；抛锚5together _ 与一起6be divided _ 被划分为7_ exhibition 展出，展览8carry _ 执行，贯彻，完成9in memory _ 纪念10_ doubt 无疑，确实11rise up _ 起义12stand _ ones path 阻碍(某人)13come down _ 患(病)14make sb.aware _ 让某人意识到15have enough _ 对感到厌烦16declare war _ 向宣战【答案】1.o7on8.out9.of10.no11.against12.in13.with14.of15of16.against语境活用1Since keeping positive is beneficial to the progress of our work and study, we should struggle not to let negative ideas take _.2_ memory of Chinas Youths Day, a celebration evening took place on our campus.It was a success.3What a great cook your sister is!Yeah! We can never have enough _ her cookies.4The government has made us aware _ the importance of protecting the environment.5Womens sports are breaking _ the barriers in previously maledominated domains.6I had an argument about politics with my father, but there was _ doubt that we still loved each other.7He is optimistic and insists on carrying out the plan, so youd better not stand _ his path.8If a neighbor comes _ with an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping.9With a number of people rise up _ him, the foreigner ran away quickly.10They will carry _ this experimentation, regardless of what happens.【答案】1.over2.In3.of4.of5.down6.no7.in8.down9.against10.out1. 原句Near the city was a volcano.点拨介词短语位于句首，且谓语是be动词或表示姿势(stand，lie，sit等)或位移(go，run，come，rise等)的动词时，句子常用全部倒装。仿写邻桌坐着一个正在等人的漂亮姑娘。At the next table _ waiting for someone.2. 原句The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sandwhat a pity!点拨 “the city being buried by sand”为动名词的复合结构作resulted in 的宾语。仿写我们队有获胜的希望吗？Is there any hope of _？ 3. 原句In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.点拨“with 1,177 men on board”为“with宾语分词短语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。仿写她眼中含着眼泪说了声再见。She said goodbye _.【答案】1.was/sat a pretty girl2.our team winning the match3.with tears in her eyes第一板块核心词汇基础知识要牢记1ruin nC(pl.)废墟，遗迹；U毁坏，毁灭，崩溃vt.破坏；毁灭/坏，使破产(1)in ruins 成为废墟(2)fall/come into ruin 被破坏了，被毁了be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟be ruined by 被破坏A terrible earthquake left the whole town in ruins.可怕的地震使全城沦为一片废墟。Many ancient sculptures fell _ ruin after the flood.洪灾过后，许多古代的雕塑都毁了。Drunk driving not only ruined himself but also killed several passersby.醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。【答案】into2remains n遗物，遗迹，遗骸；剩余物(1)the remains of 的遗迹(2)remain v. 留下；仍然是remainadj./n./p.p 仍然是remain to be done 有待于被做(3)remaining adj. 剩余的She remained at home to look after the children.她留在家里照顾孩子。Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our educational work.我们的教育工作有许多问题要解决，有许多事情要做。She used the _ 50 dollars to buy her mother a skirt.她用剩下的五十美元给她妈妈买了一条裙子。【答案】remaining温馨提示(1)当表示“剩余的，剩下的”意思时，常把remaining放在被修饰词之前作前置定语，而left 常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。(2)remain多用作系动词，后常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式的被动形式。3complain vi.抱怨(1)complain(to sb.)about/of sth./that (向某人)抱怨complain of sth. 诉说(病痛等)(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉make a complaint against/about 对进行投诉Still others lay the blame on the Americans，complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.仍旧有一些人把责任推到美国人身上，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐而使体重增加了好几磅。Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain _ how hard their lives are.甚至仍旧有一些享受完全公正的明星也抱怨他们的生活是多么艰难。I am now writing to make a complaint _ the service of your hotel.我写此信意在投诉贵宾馆的服务。【答案】aboutagainst/about4declare vt.宣布；宣告；宣称；声明declare for /against 公开支持/反对declare war on/against 对宣战declare that 宣布declare sb./sth.(to be) 宣布某人/某事(是)Police have now declared war on drug dealers in the area.警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。The commission declared against the proposed scheme.委员会反对所提的计划。He publicly declared himself _ a candidate for president.他公开宣布自己是总统候选人。【答案】to be5aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的(1)be aware that 知道；意识到be/become aware of 知道/意识到as far as I am aware 就我所知make sb.aware of 使某人意识到(2)awareness n. 认识，意识Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution.Emerald Valley是唯一一个意识到光污染负面影响的社区。As far as Im aware，nobody has done anything about it.据我所知，还没有人对此采取任何措施。Health officials have tried to raise peoples _ about AIDS.卫生官员一直努力提高人们对于艾滋病的意识。【答案】awareness(2018高考全国新课标卷，阅读理解B)Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes were not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.翻译每个人都能买到外卖食品，但有时我们并没有意识到我们自己能以多低的价格做这些食品。6judge n法官，审判员；裁判员v.判断；审判；裁判(1)judgeby/from根据判断judging by /from 据判断so/as far as sb. can judge 依某人看(2)judg(e)ment n. 判断，判断力；看法Wearing proper clothes is important too，for locals will judge you by what you wear.穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你的穿着来判断你。_ by/from the response of the audience, the performance was quite a success.从观众的反应看来，这次演出相当成功。I respect his _ and Ill follow any advice he gives me.我尊重他的判断力，会接受他提出的任何建议。【答案】Judgingjudgement温馨提示judging from/by常看作是固定短语，在句子中一般作状语，即独立成分，judging不能换成judged。巧学助记Judging from his clothes，I judge that he is a judge.从他的服装判断，我断定他是个法官。7take over夺取，占据；接替；接管take up 拿起；占用；开始(从事)take off 起飞；脱掉(衣服等)；开始获得成功take in 吸收；欺骗；理解take down 记录下来；拆除take on 承担；呈现；雇用take charge of 负责，掌管take part in 参加，出席His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over.他投资这家公司的唯一原因就是接管它。As wheel design took _，vehicles got faster and faster.随着车轮的设计开始成功，车辆变得越来越快。Hes the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the Model United Nations Conference.他是班上唯一被选上去参加模拟联合国大会的学生。【答案】off8in memory of 纪念in honour of 为了纪念in search of 寻找in need of 需要in favor of 赞同，有利于in charge of 负责，掌管in place of 代替A monument has been set up in memory/honour of their dear teacher，who made great contributions to education.他们已经竖立了一块纪念碑来纪念他们敬爱的老师，这位老师对教育作出了巨大的贡献。Ive been put in charge of the team.我被指派全权负责这个队。The candidate stood aside _ a more suitable man.那位候选人退出竞选，把机会让给一位更合适的人。【答案】in favour of9no doubt无疑，确实(1)there is no doubt that毫无疑问there is some doubt whether 怀疑是否without doubt 毫无疑问(2)doubt that 不信，怀疑doubt whether/if 怀疑/不相信是否No doubt shell call us when she gets there.她到达那儿时必定会给我们打电话。There is no doubt _ children there are badly in need of care and help.毫无疑问，那里的儿童非常需要关怀和帮助。Theres some doubt _ he has the ability to do the job.他是否有能力做这项工作有些疑问。【答案】thatwhether温馨提示doubt词汇训练全通关.单句语法填空1After he graduated from college, he took_ his fathers business.2Today the _(remain)of ancient Rome have become a scenic spot to tourists from all over the world.3He _ (flee) to London after he had an argument with his family.4I am writing to you to complain _ the shoes I bought a week ago from your shop.5I never doubted _ you could succeed in setting a new world record.6Anyone who has spent some time with children must become aware_ the difference in the way boys and girls react to similar situations.7The Acropolis was constructed in the 5th century BC at a high altitude above the city _ honour of Athena，the goddess of wisdom.8It snowed continuously for seven days，completely _(ruin) our holiday.9On 14 April, 2018, US President Donald Trump asked that the US declare war _ Syria.10Mary used to be shy, but is _(gradual)getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.【答案】1.over2.remains3.fled4.about/against5that6.of7.in8.ruining9.against10.gradually.单句改错1After the earthquake I went there，I saw the whole town in ruin，and now everything has changed._2Judged from his expression，we know that he is pleased with it._3We were taken off by his innocent，boyish looks._4Unfortunate，it rained heavily on Saturday，and I had to stay at home._5There is no doubt whether nearsightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country._【答案】1.ruinruins2.JudgedJudging3.offin4UnfortunateUnfortunately5.whetherthat第二板块经典句式基础知识要牢记1The desert was once a green land with huge trees，but they were cut down and that resulted in the_city_being_buried_by_sandwhat a pity!这片沙漠曾是一块长着参天大树的绿洲，但是大树被砍倒了，这导致了这座城市被风沙覆盖多么遗憾啊！本句是but连接的并列句，resulted in 后面的宾语the city being buried by sand是动名词的复合结构。city与bury之间存在被动关系，故用being buried。(1)动名词的复合结构作宾语或表语时，如果动名词的逻辑主语指人，那么该逻辑主语可以用普通格或名词所有格；若指无“生命”的事物，则用普通格。The accident led to five peoples being killed，including a child.那起事故导致五人丧生，包括一个孩子。What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.最让那个孩子担心的是不允许他到医院看妈妈。(2)动名词复合结构作主语时，则动名词的逻辑主语用名词的所有格或物主代词。Toms coming home late worries his mother.汤姆的晚归使他妈妈担心。_ for the meeting made the schoolmaster very angry.他开会迟到让校长很生气。【答案】his not being allowedHis being late2In less than 9 minutes，the ship sank with_1,177_men_on_board.在不到9分钟的时间里，船连同船上的1 177人都沉了下去。句中with 1,177 men on board为with的复合结构，在句中作状语。(1)“with宾语宾语补足语”在语法上常被称为“with的复合结构”，在句中表状态或说明背景情况(2)“with的复合结构”常作伴随、方式、原因、时间、条件等状语，也可以作定语(3)作宾语的可以是名词或代词，作宾语补足语的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词With spring coming on，trees turn green.(时间状语)春天到了，树变绿了。He doesnt like to sleep with the windows open.(方式状语)他不喜欢开着窗子睡觉。The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold.(后置定语)只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。I wouldnt dare go home _.工作还没完成，我不敢回家。The man felt very happy with so many children sitting around him.有这么多的孩子坐在他周围，那男子感到很高兴。【答案】with the job unfinished温馨提示在“with复合结构”中，要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系，根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等区别来选择正确的非谓语形式作补足语。(2018高考全国新课标卷，阅读理解C)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left.分析本句中with only a few elderly speakers left为with的复合结构。翻译6800种语言中已经超过400种语言正濒临灭绝，只剩下几个年长的人说这些语言了。 句式训练全通关.句型转换1He felt more uneasy when the whole class were staring at him.He felt more uneasy _ at him.2Tom was elected to be the coach of the team.Have you heard of that?Have you heard of _ to be the coach of the team?3Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.Traditions _ sealed in glass boxes at museums.4I have a lot of work to do this evening.I cant go to the cinema with you._ this evening，I cant go to the cinema with you.5Wei Hua has two eggs every morning, and I also have two eggs every morning.Wei Hua has two eggs every morning, and _ I.【答案】1.with the whole class staring2.Toms being elected3.are believed not to be4.With a lot of work to do5.so do.话题写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1古代文明的人们在世界上建造了许多辉煌的建筑物。(civilization)2其中有的已经消失了，有一些今天仍然存在。(remain)3然而，这些余下的建筑物正在遭受损坏。(in ruins)4所以保护好这些文化遗产就非常必要，因为它们能帮助我们了解过去的历史并且学到很多东西。(its very important to )【参考范文】People from ancient civilizations built many splendid buildings around the world.Some of them have disappeared，while others remain today.However，many of the remaining structures are in ruins.So，it is very important to protect cultural relics because they can help us learn about the history of the past and we can learn a lot from them.阅读理解组块练.阅读理解A(2019大连八中高三模拟)You may be wondering what Shreveport is like as you book your trip.The Hustler breaks down what to know and what to do during your time in the city.Search for BigfootLocated about 20 miles northwest of Shreveport, Caddo Lake has been the location of frequent Bigfoot sightings over the years.Stop by the Whole Foods on 1380E 70th St，pack up your picnic，take your telescope and spend an attractive afternoon looking for likely animals!Where to EatHerbyKs Restaurant: HerbyKs is one of those classic holeinthewall spots with a legendary reputation，according to Southern Living.Crawdaddys Kitchen: It amazes me how truthful people are in writing reviews; this was an awesome meal，according to Twins2Garner，Yelp Review.Real BBQ(烧烤野餐) and More: Real BBQ and More is a simple roadside barbeque stand in southwestern Shreveport, according to Louisiana Life Travel.Things to Do in ShreveportIf youre going to have some extra time in Shreveport before or after Vanderbilts bowl game，youll want to explore the city.The RW.Norton Art Gallery is a free museum, which is currently featuring two exhibits：“Enlist! Art Goes to War,19141918”and “Scarlett Passions，Bellocqs Storyville”For those who are interested in science，SciPort，Louisianas Science Center，is located in Shreveport.The center holds nearly 300 current exhibits in math，space and science，in addition to an IMAX theater and laser space Dome Planetarium.The Touchstone Wildlife & Art Museum is a popular Shreveport destination，home to an impressively large and diverse collec