高考英语阅读理解中.ppt

高考英语阅读理解中 语义猜测的技巧,1. 语义猜测常用设问形式 1The word “” in paragraphrefers to . 2The underlined“”could be replaced by . 3The underlined expression“” in linemost nearly means . 4The word“” as used in lineis closest in meaning to . 5Which of the following words can take the place of “ ” ?,2. 语义猜测常用方法 (1)根据文中解释，举例猜测意思 The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns some 5,000 yuan a year. We are on the night shift from midnight to 8 amthis week.,(牧羊人),(夜班), Ventination, as you know, refers to a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays an important role in a subway or a submarine. The underlined “watershed” is closest in meaning to . A. movement up and down when an earthquake happens B. system or method by which a room, building, etc, is aired C. act of taking air into the lungs D. opportunity to breathe clean air,B,.By 2050, a total of 40 percent Amazon forests will have been lost, including six major watersheds and eco-regions, “ said Britaldo Soares Soares-Filho. A watershed is a high land where streams on one side flow into one river or sea and streams on the other side flow into a different river or sea. The underlined “watershed” most nearly means . A. high land separating two river systems B. edge of a river, lake or sea C. surface of water in a lake D. stream, brook or man-made waterway,A,表示解释、举例的标志有for example, such as, refer to, to be, mean, be defined as, be known as, 括号（ ），破折号等. (2)通过构词法知识（单词的前缀、后缀、合成词）猜测词义 Overwork may causes diseases. Bullfight is very popular in Spain.,（工作过渡）,（斗牛）,.Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools The word “co-educational” refers to . A. having education together with others B. of education of girls and boys together C. showing care and effort D. willing to be helpful,B,.Morning, noon and night, her tongue was endless going, so that he was forced to escape to the outside of the housethe only side which, in truth, belongs to a henpecked husband. The underlined word “henpecked” means that at the husband . A. likes hunting B. is afraid of hens C. loves his wife D. is afraid of his wife,D,(3)根据生活常识猜测意思 .Smoking cigarettes is detrimental to our health. .The snake slithered through the grass. .Birds fly with their wings and eat with their beaks. The underlined “beaks” most nearly means . A. the part of the face, which is the organ of smell and through which air is breathed B. the organ of the body, with which one sees C. the hard horny mouth of a bird D. a sharp nail on the toe of a bird,（爬行）,（有害的）,C,.Towards evening, there was a threat of rain and the little fish in the pond opened their mouths in the surface of the water like honeycomb. The underlined “threat” as used in the first line is closest in meaning to . A. indication of future weather (rain, snow, storm) B. intention to punish or harm sb C. very large amount in quantity D. very small amount in quantity,A,(4)根据定语（从句）、同位语（从句）猜测意思 .Although she had studied hard, the 24-year-old Korean college student failed to earn a scholarship, an amount of money given to a student to help pay for education. The underlined word “scholarship” means “ ”. A. fixed regular pay each month for a job B. something that is lent C. a sum of money give to a student to pay for a course D. award given to the winner of a competition, race, etc,C,.Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar, and reindeer with surprising sauces. The Pines here refers to . A. place in which you can see many mobile homes B. mountain where you can get a good view C. town which happens to be near the park D. restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food,D,(5)根据因果关系猜测词义 .Have you got a piece of bread or something to eat? Im really famished. .The door is so low that 1 hit my head on the lintel. .She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. The underlined “trim” most nearly means . A. decorate sth with flowers B. reduce sth by cutting C. cut hair of with a razor D. cover the face with a mask,（饥饿的）,（门梁；过梁）,B,.The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even where it is shallow The underlined “turbid” most nearly means . A. extending a long way from op to bottom B. extending far upwards C. not clear; muddy D. disordered; confused,C,(6)根据对比关系猜测词义 He is so homely, not at all as handsome as his brother. Andrew is supercilious. Tom, in contrast, is kind and modest. Though Toms face has been washed quite clears, his neck still remains grubby. The underlined “grubby” most nearly means . A. dirty; unwashed B. physically unwell; sick C. not good; bad D. having bad manners; rude,（不漂亮；不英俊）,（傲慢的；目空一切的）,A,4.She is good at singing, but she is clumsy at playing the piano. The underlined “clumsy” most nearly means . A. quick about sth B. ungraceful in movement C. not well designed D. unable to do anything,B,(7)根据上下文逻辑关系（及课文整体意思）猜测词义 .All the other members are of the same opinion. They are unanimous. (意见一致的, 无异议的) Pantomime refers to a short play in which no word are spoken . (哑剧) By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David. left hungry and angry. The underlined words “off their heads” probably means“ ”. A. tired B. crazy C. curious D. hopeless,B,.Finally, although some social science majors may find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they dont regret their chance of study. The underlined word “land” in the last paragraph probably means “ ”. A. keep for some time B. successfully get C. immediately start D. lose regretfully,B,(8)用所选答案替换划线部分 Practice 1. When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours . A. attracted the customers strongly B. had weak effects on the customers C. tricked the customers into shopping D. caused the customers to lose interest,D,2. By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared, Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left hungry and angry. The underlined words “off their heads” probably mean “ ”. A. tired B. crazy C. curious D. hopeless,B,3. Take V8 for example. For many years, the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it is very good for your body. And the word “green” today can keep food prices going up. _ A. vegetable B. healthy juice C. iced drink D. red vegetable,B,4. Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road Reported by Sheila Carrick Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side. Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road. “Millions of animals die each year on US roads,” the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the US today. The main reason? Roadkill. “Ecopassages” may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid road,accidents, ” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society. But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Nothern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage. Builders of ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses. The next time you visit park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animals overpass!,1.The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that . A. wild