江苏省镇江市2019届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）.docx

江苏省镇江市2019届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）本试卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。满分120分，考试时间120分钟。第卷(选择题 共85分)第一部分:听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.音频What is Bob most probably doing?A. Watching a game. B. Playing basketball. C. Fishing.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此题为听力题，解析略。【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。2.音频When will the speakers meet?A. By 5:00. B. By 4:30. C. By 2:30.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此题为听力题，解析略。【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。3.音频What color is the Tshirt the man likes?A. Green and white. B. Gray and black. C. Gray and white.【答案】A【解析】【分析】此题为听力题，解析略。【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。4.音频Why was the woman annoyed?A. Because the film was too long.B. Because the seats were uncomfortable.C. Because the people behind were too noisy.【答案】C【解析】【分析】此题为听力题，解析略。【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。5.音频How does Mary feel today?A. Nervous. B. Sad. C. Happy.【答案】B【解析】【分析】此题为听力题，解析略。【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频6. What does the woman do?A. A chemist. B. A train driver. C. A nurse.7. What does the woman think of her work?A. Dangerous. B. Rewarding. C. Demanding.【答案】6. C 7. B【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【6题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【7题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频8. Where are the speakers?A. In Berlin. B. In Manchester. C. In Rome.9. Why is the woman asking the man for help?A. Because she mistook the flight.B. Because she left her clothes in a hotel.C. Because she couldnt find her luggage.【答案】8. A 9. C【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【8题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【9题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Fellow workers. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister.11. What will the woman do this weekend?A. Go sightseeing. B. Have a barbecue. C. Stay at home.12. What will the mans family celebrate?A. The birth of a baby. B. A wedding. C. A birthday.【答案】10. B 11. B 12. A【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【10题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。音频13. Where does the man most probably work?A. In a zoo.B. In a radio station.C. In an advertisement company.14. What does the woman say about the zoo?A. It serves too many tourists.B. It should be closed.C. It is badly run.15. What advice will the man probably take?A. Ask a company for help.B. Advertise the zoo in the newspaper.C. Find another place to keep animals.16. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. How to manage a zoo well.B. How to raise money for a zoo.C. How to protect endangered animals.【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【13题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【14题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。音频17. When did people begin to take part in adventure racing in large numbers?A. About 100 years ago. B. In the late 1970s. C. In the early 1990s.18. What makes an adventure race more challenging?A. The combination with different activities.B. The area it goes through.C. The long distance.19. How long does it take to do the South Island race?A. One day. B. Three days. C. Ten days.20. Whats the most difficult in long races according to the speaker?A. Staying awake.B. Saving food and drinks.C. Carrying all the needed things.【答案】17. C 18. B 19. A 20. A【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【17题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【18题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二部分:英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21.Effective weight management requires a longterm _ in order to lose weight for good.A. establishment B. commitment C. tournament D. assessment【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。A. establishment建立，成立；B. commitment投入，承诺，保证；献身；C. tournament锦标赛；D. assessment评估；句意：为了减肥，有效的体重管理需要长期的投入。根据句意可知B项正确。22.China will _ cooperation with countries and regions participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.A. approve B. justify C. enhance D. tighten【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。A. approve批准；B. justify为辩护；证明恰当；C. enhance提高，增加，加强；D. tighten勒紧，固定；enhance cooperation意为增强交流合作。句意：这个会加强和参与一带一路倡议的国家和的确的合作。根据句意可知C项正确。23.Fishing in shallow water in autumn, _ the water temperature is relatively high, does make sense.A. when B. which C. as D. where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：秋天在有相当高的水温的浅水区钓鱼，确实是有意义的。本题定语从句的先行词是shallow water，定语从句the water temperature is relatively high的结构完整，应该使用关系副词引导定语从句，shallow water是表示抽象地点的名词，应该使用where引导。故D项正确。【点睛】本句考查了关系副词where引导的定语从句，当先行词表示地点时，不一定都用Where引导定语从句。一般来说,英语学习者的脑海中会形成这样一个概念:在定语从句中,如果先行词是表示地点的名词(如place等),就用关系副词where引导定语从句。这种理解有一定的道理，比如下面这个句子：1. If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.如果还有人对美国是否是一个一切皆有可能的国家心存怀疑,还有人怀疑美国奠基者的梦想在我们所处的时代是否依然鲜活,还有人质疑我们的民主制度的力量,那么今晚,这些问题都有了答案。这句话节选自美国总统奥巴马的胜选演说。我们看到,这里的place后面的定语从句是由关系副词where来引导。但是,如果认为只要先行词是表示地点的名词,则一定要用where来引导定语从句,那就大错特错了。比如,在2006年上海高考英语中有这样一道选择题：2. In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach. A. where B. when C. which D. what我们看到place在句中表示地点，但如果据此就认为空格处应填入where，那就错了。原因是什么呢?因为空格后接的是谓语would have taken,所以空格处待填入的关系词在从句中充当的应该是主语成分,而关系副词where不能做主语,因此,此处不能填入where。其实,该空格处应该填入which来充当主语,正确选项为C。由此可见,“当先行词是表示地点的名词时,要用where来引导定语从句”的说法是片面的,它忽略了一个大前提关系副词where在定语从句中必须作状语。也就是说,用关系副词where引导定语从句需要满足两个前提条件:一是先行词是表示地点的名词;二是关系词在定语从句中做地点状语。24.The society can remain good as long as we are willing to fight for itand to fight against whatever imperfections _ exist.A. shall B. may C. should D. would【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：只要我们愿意为这个社会努力，我们愿意去和不完美可能会出现的地方作斗争，这个社会可能会继续美好。句中情态动词may意为“可能”，表示推测，语意较弱。故B项正确。25.As the population of the world is growing at the disturbing rate of 10，000 people an hour, nature is beginning to _ us.A. turn against B. turn up C. turn off D. turn around【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。动词短语turn against表示背叛，反对，厌恶；turn up表示向上翻，出现，调高；turnoff表示关闭；turn around表示翻身，使向好的方向发展，本句指随着人口的不断发展，自然开始反对人们故A项正确。26.While John Snow attended Queen Victoria, he also thought about helping ordinary people _ to cholera.A. exposing B. being exposed C. exposed D. having exposed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当John Snow到Queen Victoria读书的时候，他还希望帮助那些接触到疟疾的人。形容词短语be exposed to意为“接触”，句中exposed to做定语修饰ordinary people。相当于定语从句who were。故C项正确。27.People spend half their time dreaming of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they _ if they got rich.A. will do B. did C. do D. would do【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气的语法应用。本句是指人们总是在梦想如果他们发财之后，他们会做什么。根据前句内容“People spend half their time dreaming of getting rich”可知叙述将来发生的事情，表示与将来事实相反，所以用would/should/could/might do或者were to do，选择would do表示将来虚拟。故D项正确。【点睛】本句是一个狭义含蓄条件的虚拟语气。狭义含蓄指的是不用任何语言方式显示条件，而是把条件隐藏在具体的原环境中，（1）用上下文暗示条件，如：I was so busy then, otherwise, I would have finished it. =（If I hadnt been busy then, I would have finished it.）It rained yesterday, or I would have gone camping. =(If It hadnt rained yesterday, I would have gone camping.)（2）用委婉语气暗示条件，如：Would you mind opening the window? =(Would mind if I opened the window.)Could you do me a favor to pass me the book? =( You would do me a favor if you should pass me the book. )（3）用表示愿望的语气暗示条件，如：Long live the Chairman Mao! (= If Chairman Mao should live long.)（4）用其他语言环境暗示条件，如：That would be fine. ( 省略了If you should do it.)You might stay here forever. (省略了 If you wanted to.)I would not have done it. (省略了If I were you.)28. A young researcher is reported to have died of heart attack, aged only 30. _ I wonder how his family could stand the thought of losing him.A. How so? B. Forget it. C. Take it easy. D. Really a pity.【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查交际英语。A. How so? 怎么会这样？为何如此？B. Forget it.没关系；C. Take it easy. 别担心；D. Really a pity.真遗憾啊。句意：据报道意为年轻的研究人员死于心脏病，只有30岁。真遗憾啊！我想知道他的家人怎么能够承担得起失去他的痛苦啊！根据句意可知表示遗憾。故D项正确。29.Tea is the main evening meal, traditionally eaten at 5 oclock in the evening, _ the diners are not drinking tea.A. even if B. in case C. as though D. so that【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查状语从句连词。A. even if即使；B. in case以防；C. as though似乎，好像；D. so that以便于，以至于；即使茶不会被端上桌，但是5:00开始的晚宴也叫茶宴。根据句意可知上下文表示让步关系，故A项正确。30.The pollution is likely to reach its peak on Monday, and some parts _ heavy air pollution, the environmental watchdog told the newspaper.A. see B. will see C. would see D. saw【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：在周一污染可能到达顶峰，某些地区将会见证严重的空气污染。前面的is likely to do表示将有可能做，说明是将来时，所以后面是将会有严重的污染，用将来时will see。故B项正确。31.Throughout its early years, what we now call hip hop _ without even having a name.A. evolved B. is evolved C. had evolved D. evolves【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：在早期，现在被称为hip pop的音乐演变的时候甚至都没有名字。本句中在早期过程中，hip hop甚至都没有名字，从throughout its early year可以看出为过去式，所以用evolved。故A项正确。32.Stephen Hawkings crowning achievement was his prediction in the 1970s _ black holes can emit energy, despite the classical view that nothing can escape their gravity.A. when B. what C. how D. that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：Stephen Hawking最大的成就是在20世纪70年代预测宇宙黑洞能够发出能量，而传统观点认为任何事物都无法逃避重力。句中that引导同位语从句解释名词prediction的内容，that在句中不充当任何成分，只是一个引导词。故D项正确。【点睛】本题考查了同位语从句，当同位语部分是个句子的时候，就是同位语从句，这种用法比较固定：一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility, decision等（一般的“抽象”名词都可用）。Ive come from Mr. wang with a message that he wont be able to see you this afternoon我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that，whether，连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if不能引导同位语从句。）He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。注：that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，只是引导词而已。33.Ding Yanyuhang took part in a training session _ the NBA China game in Shenzhen.A. in accordance with B. in preparation forC. in preference to D. in association with【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. in accordance with按照；B. in preparation for准备；C. in preference to偏爱，更喜欢； D. in association with与有联系；句意：为了准备在深圳的NBA赛事，丁彦雨航培训参加了训练。根据句意可知B项正确。34.It might be early to talk about potential _ colors for next summer when we have just entered autumn, but the fashion world cant wait that long.A. trendy B. worthy C. hearty D. touchy【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。A. trendy流行的；B. worthy有价值的，值得的；C. hearty亲切友好的；衷心的；D. touchy易怒的，难以取悦的；句意：当我们刚刚进入冬天的是，谈论明年夏天可能的流行颜色也许太早了。根据句意可知A项正确。35. He spent little money in repairing the roof. Now the rain has ruined half his furniture. _. This is a plain example.A. A penny saved is a penny gained B. Many a little makes a mickleC. Penny wise and pound foolish D. From saving comes having【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查俗语。A. A penny saved is a penny gained省一分钱就是赚一分钱；B. Many a little makes a mickle积少成多；C. Penny wise and pound foolish小事聪明大事糊涂；D. From saving comes having富有来自节约。句意：他几乎没有花什么钱修屋顶，现在雨水毁掉了一半的家具。小事聪明，大事糊涂。这就是一个典型的例子。根据句意可知C项符合语境，故选择C项。第二节: 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I just finished reading Rachel Held Evans book A Year of Biblical Womanhood. There was one particular part of the book that really made me think.She did a bit of _36_ and found that the majority of the worlds cocoa beans come from West Africa where there are _37_ working conditions and child slavery. And the children get there by _38_， and once there, they are often _39_ treated. She came to an important _40_， “The coffeeandchocolate experiment forced me to find an _41_ fact to which I think most Americans can _42_: I had absolutely no idea where the majority of my food came from.”Well, that was going to be a(n) _43_ for me. I have supplies of _44_ to eat. Mike knows to stop on his way from work if I am nearing the _45_. Often he buys me bags of chocolate chips. I _46_ chocolate in other rooms so I dont have to _47_ with my kids. And now I am finding out that the money I spend on my _48_ is actually paying for something I am _49_ to.I will have to make a _50_. I will have to be more _51_ of where my chocolate comes from (as well as look into other foods and goods I consume). _52_， I live within walking distance from a fair trade shop that has a large and delicious _53_. So far, Divine Milk Chocolate made in the USA is my _54_ choice.And, maybe it costs a bit more money, and that means I have to _55_. But, as it has been said, “When you know better, you do better.”36. A. research B. explanation C. revision D. prediction37. A. favorable B. permanent C. terrible D. impressive38. A. boycotting B. informing C. appealing D. kidnapping39. A. equally B. badly C. formally D. warmly40. A. agreement B. approval C. conclusion D. definition41. A. unsuitable B. unforgettable C. unchangeable D. uncomfortable42. A. relate B. contribute C. report D. reply43. A. notice B. problem C. failure D. threat44. A. chocolate B. milk C. bread D. fish45. A. day B. shop C. end D. job46. A. pick B. check C. make D. sneak47. A. quarrel B. deal C. share D. reason48. A. addiction B. recreation C. admiration D. collection49. A. accustomed B. opposed C. devoted D. engaged50. A. mess B. mistake C. change D. schedule51. A. ashamed B. informed C. capable D. conscious52. A. Luckily B. Actually C. Previously D. Certainly53. A. element B. selection C. production D. adventure54. A. former B. last C. first D. late55. A. turn up B. pay off C. pay back D. cut back【答案】36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者阅读“A Year of Biblical Womanhood”以后发现她所喜欢吃的巧克力是在西非地区生产的，那里滥用童工并虐待童工。于是她决定不再吃西非生产的巧克力，改为吃美国本土巧克力。【36题详解】考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A. research研究；B. explanation解释；C. revision复习；D. prediction预测；根据后句“the majority of the worlds cocoa beans come from West Africa”可知她做了一些关于咖啡豆的研究。故A项正确。【37题详解】考查形容词辨析及常识。A. favorable有利的，顺利的；B. permanent永久的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. impressive印象深刻的；西非地区的工作条件和自然条件都很糟糕，故C项正确。【38题详解】考查动词辨析及上下文串联。A. boycotting联合抵制；B. informing通知；C. appealing呼吁，吸引；D. kidnapping绑架；根据前句“child slavery”可知都是儿童奴隶，这些儿童是被绑架到那里的，在那里遭受虐待。故D项正确。【39题详解】考查副词辨析及生活常识。A. equally平等地；B. badly差地，糟糕地；C. formally正式地；D. warmly温暖地；根据前句“child slavery”可知都是儿童奴隶，这些儿童是被绑架到那里的，在那里遭受虐待。奴隶被虐待是常识。故B项正确。【40题详解】考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A. agreement协议；一致；B. approval赞成；C. conclusion结论；D. definition定义；本段第一句告诉我们她做了一些关于咖啡豆的研究，本句是指她做的研究最终得到的结论。故C项正确。【41题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. unsuitable不适合的；B. unforgettable令人难忘的；C. unchangeable难以改变的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的；因为这些食物建立在童工的血汗上，所以这一切迫使作者意识到了一个让她非常不舒服的事实。故D项正确。【42题详解】考查动词辨析。A. relate叙述，联系，产生共鸣；B. contribute贡献，导致，促成；C. report报道；D. reply回复；因为这些食物建立在童工的血汗上，所以这一切迫使作者意识到了一个让她非常不舒服的事实。而且这个事实，绝大部分美国人都能够感同身受产生共鸣。故A项正确。【43题详解】考查名词辨析。A. notice通知；B. problem问题；C. failure失败；D. threat威胁；发现了巧克力制作过程是如此残忍（基于童工），现在让我少吃巧克力显然对我这种沉溺于巧克力的人来说，是一个严重的问题。故B项正确。【44题详解】考查上下文串联。A. chocolate巧克力；B. milk牛奶；C. bread面包；D. fish鱼肉；本文讨论的是与巧克力生产有关的话题，我很喜欢吃巧克力。故A项正确。【45题详解】考查名词辨析。A. day白天；B. shop商店；C. end结束；D. job工作；near the end结束的时候；如果我不吃巧克力了，Mike在下班的路上也不要停下来了帮我去买巧克力了。故C项正确。【46题详解】考查动词辨析。A. pick捡起；B. check检查，核对；C. make生产；D. sneak偷偷摸摸做；我会在其他房间里偷偷地吃巧克力，以便于我不和孩子们分享这些巧克力。故D项正确。【47题详解】考查动词辨析。A. quarrel争吵；B. deal交易；C. share分享；D. reason理论；讨论；我会在其他房间里偷偷地吃巧克力，以便于我不和孩子们分享这些巧克力。故C项正确。【48题详解】考查名词辨析。A. addiction沉溺，上瘾；B. recreation消遣，娱乐；C. admiration钦佩，羡慕；D. collection收集，采集；我现在慢慢地发现我花钱在我沉溺的事情上，但是这个事情是我所反对的。即我反对童工，或者虐待童工等。故A项正确。【49题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. accustomed习惯的；B. opposed反对的；C. devoted努力的，用心的；D. engaged忙于，从事于。我现在慢慢地发现我花钱在我沉溺的事情上，但是这个事情是我所反对的。即我反对童工，或者虐待童工等。故B项正确。【50题详解】考查名词辨析及上下文串联。A. mess混乱；B. mistake错误；C. change改变；D. schedule时刻表，安排表；我发现西非使用童工生产巧克力，这是我所反对的事情。所以我要做出改变了。故C项正确。【51题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. informed得知的；C. capable有能力的；D. conscious意识到的；我必须相比以前更加意识到巧克力来自于哪里，并且努力寻找替代品。故D项正确。【52题详解】考查副词辨析。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Actually实际上；C. Previously之前地；D. Certainly当然；我在努力寻找巧克力的替代品，幸运地是我离一家市场不远，那里有很多美味的食物供我选择。故A项正确。【53题详解】考查名词辨析。A. element元素；因素；B. selection选择，挑选；C. production生产；D. adventure冒险；探险；我在努力寻找巧克力的替代品，幸运地是我离一家市场不远，那里有很多美味的食物供我选择。故B项正确。【54题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. former正式的；之前的；B. last最后的；C. first第一，首先的；D. late迟的，晚的；目前为止，我很喜欢美国本土生产的DMC 巧克力，它是我的第一选择。故C项正确。【55题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. turn up调高，出现；B. pay off还清；C. pay back偿还；D. cut back削减；我吃美国本土巧克力意味着我要削减巧克力的消耗，削减用cut back。故D项正确。第三部分: 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFour Apps to Boost Your ProductivityWhen working or studying, you can only focus for so long before your mind starts to wander. The Pomodoro Technique(番茄工作法) helps you avoid this issue by breaking your day up into 25minute focus sessions followed by fiveminute breaks. Heres a quick dive into the Pomodoro Technique, followed by 4 of the best Pomodoro timer apps to help you get started.Focus Booster (Web, Windows, macOS，iOS, Android) It lets you adjust the lengths of your focus and break sessions. Your data syncs across Focus Boosters web, mobile, and desktop apps.PomoDoneApp (Web, Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android) It lets you filter your data with powerful reporting options. With its Chrome extension, you can blacklist certain websites during your focus period.Tomatoes (Web)If youre struggling to stick with the technique and need some additional motivation, Tomatoes offers a solutio