2002年博士英语试题.doc

中科院2002年博士英语入学试题huazi发表于2007-4-1818:55:00PART?STRUCTURE&VOCABULARY(25minutes,15points)sectionA(0.5pointeath)direction:choosethewordorexpressionbeloweachsentencethatbestcompletesthestatement,andmarkthecorrespondingletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringanswersheet.16.Knowingthatthecruelcriminalhasdonealotofunlawfulthings,IfeelsurethatIhaveno_buttoreporthimtothelocalpolice.A.timeB.chanceC.authorityD.alternative17.Behindhislargesmilesandlargecigars,hiseyesoftenseemedto_regret.A.teemB.brimwithC.comewithD.lookwith18.Thereisonlyonedifferencebetweenanoldmanandayoungone:theyoungonehasagloriousfuturebeforehimandtheoldonehasa_futurebehindhim.A.splendidB.conspicuousC.uproariousD.imminent19.ThattragedydistressedmesomuchthatIusedtokeepindoorsandgooutonly_necessity.A.withinreachofB.forfearofC.bymeansofD.incaseof20.Ayoungmanseesasunsetandunabletounderstandofexpresstheemotionthatit_inhim,concludesthatitmustbethegatewaytoaworldthatliesbeyond.A.reflectsB.retainsC.rousesD.radiates21._theheattoasimmerandcontinuetocookforanother8-10minutesoruntilmostofthewaterhasevaporated.A.TurnoffB.TurnoverC.TurndownD.Turnup22.Banksshallbeunableto_,orclaimreliefagainstthefirst15%ofanyloanorbankrupteddebtleftwiththem.A.writeoffB.putasideC.shrinkfromD.comeover23.Iamtoinformyou,thatyoumay,ifyouwish,attendtheinquiry,andattheinspectorsdiscretionstateyourcase_orthroughanentrustedrepresentative.A.inpersonB.indepthC.insecretD.inexcess24.Inhisview,thoughHongKonghasnodirectculturalidentity,localartisthrivingby“being_,”beingopentoallkindsofart.A.gratifyingB.predominatingC.excellingD.accommodating25.Insomecountriespreschooleducationinnurseryschoolsorkindergartens_the1stgrade.A.leadsB.precedesC.forwardsD.advances26.Desertplants_twocategoriesaccordingtothewaytheydealwiththeproblemofsurvivingdrought.A.breakdownB.fallintoC.differinD.referto27.Intheairport,Icouldhearnothingexcepttheroarofaircraftengineswhich_allothersounds.A.dwarfedB.diminishedC.drownedD.relative28.Criticismwithoutsuggestingareasofimprovementisnot_andshouldbeavoidedifpossible.A.constructiveB.productiveC.descriptiveD.relative29.TheCommitteepronouncedfourmembersexpelledforfailuretoprovideinformationinthe_ofinvestigations.A.caseB.chaseC.causeD.course30.Sinceneithersidewasreadyto_whatwasnecessaryforpeace,hostilitywereresumedin1980.A.precedeB.recedeC.concedeD.intercede31.Suchan_actofhostilitycanonlyleadtowar.A.overtB.episodicC.ampleD.ultimate32._bothinworkinglifeandeverydaylivingtodifferentsetsofvalues,andexpectationsplacesaseverestrainontheindividual.A.RecreationB.TransactionC.DisclosureD.Exposure33.Itwouldthenbereplacedbyinterimgovernment,whichwould_bereplacedbyapermanentgovernmentafterfourmonths.A.instepB.inturnB.inpracticeD.inhaste34.HaventItoldyouIdontwantyoukeeping_withthoseawfulriding-aboutbicycleboys?A.companyB.acquaintanceC.friendsD.place35.Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneededwerequitesimply_everycheatinthemarketplace.A.atthemercyofB.inlieuofC.bycourtesyofD.forthepriceofSectionB(0.5pointeach)Directions:ineachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourpartsunderlinedandmarkedA,B,C,andD.Indicatewhichofthefourpartsisincorrectlyused.MarkthecorrespondingletterofyourchoicebydrawingasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.36.TheauctioneermustknowfairaccuratelythecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoodsheisABCDselling.37.Childrenareamongthemostfrequentvictimsofviolent,drug-relatedcrimesthathavenothingABCdoingwiththecostofacquiringthedrugs.D38.Alargecollectionofcontemporaryphotographs,includingsometakenbyMaryareondisplayABCatthemuseum.D39.Thereismuchinourlifewhichwedonotcontrolandwearenotevenresponsiblefor.ABCD40.Capitalinflowswillalsotendtoincreasetheinternationalvalueofthedollar,makeitmoreABCdifficulttosellU.S.exports.D41.Itcanbearguedthattheproblems,evensomethingasfundamentalastheever-increasedworldABCpopulation,havebeencausedbytechnologicaladcance.D42.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengeABCassubfectedtouncivilizedbehavior.D43.Whileexpertsinbasicscienceareimportant,skilledtalentsshouldbetheoverridingmajorityABCsincetheyareatheavydemandinthemarket.D44.Retailersoffereddeepdiscountsandextrahoursthisweekendinthebidtolureshoppers.ABCD45.Theamendmentsofthelawsonpatent,trademarkandcopyrighthaveenhancedprotectionofABintellectualpropertyrightsandmadethemconformtoWTOrules.CDPART3CLOZETEST(15minutes,15points)Directions:Thereare15questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,gobackandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,C,orDforeachblankinthepassage.MarkthecorrespondingletterofthewordorphraseyouhavechosenwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.AtleastsincetheIndustrialRevolution,genderroleshavebeeninastateoftransition.Asaresult,culturalscriptsaboutmarriagehaveundergonechange,Oneofthemoreobvious_46_hasoccurredintherolesthatwomen47.Womenhavemovedintotheworldofworkandhavebecomeadeptatmeetingexpectationsinthatarena,48maintainingtheirfamilyrolesofnurturingandcreatinga(n)49thatisahavenforallfamilymembers.50manywomenexperiencestrainfromtryingto“doitall,”theyoftenendoytheincreased51thatcanresultfromplayingmultipleroles.Aswomensroleshavechanged,changingexpectationsaboutmensroleshavebecomemore52.Manymenarerelinquishingtheirmajorresponsibility53thefamilyprovider.Probablythemostsignificantchangeinmensroles,however,isintheemotional54offamilylife.Menareincreasingly55tomeettheemotionalneedsoftheirfamilies,56theirwives.Infact,expectationsaboutheemotionaldomainofmarriagehavebecomemoresignificantformarriageingeneral.Researchon57marriagehaschangedoverrecentdecadespointstotheincreasingimportanceoftheemotionalsideoftherelationship,andtheimportanceofsharinginthe“emotionwork”58tonourishmarriagesandotherfamilyrelationships.Menandwomenwanttoexperiencemarriagesthatareinterdependent,59bothpartnersnurtureeachother,attendandrespondtoeachother,andencourageandpromoteeachother.Wearethusseeingmarriagesinwhichmensandwomensrolesarebecomingincreasinglymore60.46.A.incidentsB.changesC.resultsD.effects47.A.takeB.doC.playD.show48.A.byB.whileC.henceD.thus49.A.homeB.gardenC.arenaD.paradise50.A.WhenB.EventhoughC.SinceD.Nevertheless51.A.rewardsB.profitsC.privilegesD.incomes52.A.generalB.acceptableC.popularD.apparent53.A.asB.ofC.fromD.for54.A.sectionB.constituentC.domainD.point55.A.encouragedB.expectedC.advisedD.predicted56.A.nottomentionB.aswellasC.includingD.especially57.A.howB.whatC.whyD.if58.A.butB.onlyC.enoughD.necessary59.A.unlessB.althoughC.whereD.because60.A.pleasantB.importantC.similarD.manageablePART4READINGCOMPREHENSION(60minutes,30points)Directions:Beloweachofthefollowingpassagesyouwillfindsomequestionsorincompletestatements.EachquestionorstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthenselectthechoicethatbestanswersthequestionorcompletesthestatement.MarktheletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.Passage1ThemanwhoinventedCoca-colawasnotanativeAtlantan,butonthedayofhisfuneraleverydrugstoreintowntestimoniallyshutupshop.HewasJohnStythPemberton,bornin1833inKnoxville,Georgia,eightymilesaway.SometimesknownasDoctor,Pembertonwasapharmacistwho,duringtheCivilWar,ledacavalrytroopunderGeneralJoeWheelrer.HesettledinAtlantain1869,andsoonbeganbrewingsuchpatentmedicinesasTriplexLiverPillsandGlobeofFlowerCoughSyrup.In1885,heregisteredatrademarkforsomethingcalledFrenchWineCoca-IdealNerveandTonicStimulant,afewmonthslaterheformedthePembertonChemicalCompany,andrecruitedtheservicesofabookkeepernamedFrankM.Robinson,whonotonlyhadagoodheadforfiguresbut,attachedtoit,soexceptionalanosethathecouldauditthecompositionofabatchofsyrupmerelybysnifflingit.In1886-ayearinwhich,ascontemporaryCoca-Cocaofficialsliketopointour,ConanDoyleunveiledSherlockHolmesandFranceunveiledtheStatueofLiberty-PembertonunveiledasyrupthathecalledCoca-Coca.ItwasamodificationofhisFrenchWineCoca.Hehadtakenourthewineandaddedapinchofcaffeine,and,whentheendproducttastedawful,hadthrowninsomeextractofcolanutandafewotheroils,blendingthemixtureinathree-leggedironpotinhisbackyardandswishingitaroundwithanoar.Hedistributedittosodafountainsinusedbeerbottles,andRobinson,withhisglowingbookkeepersscript,presentlydevisedalabel,onwhich“Coca-Cola”waswritteninthefashionthatisstillemployed.Pembertonlookeduponhismixturelessasarefreshmentthanasaheadachecure,especiallyforpeoplewhoseheadachecouldbetracedtoover-indulgence.Onamorninglatein1886,onesuchvictimofthenightbeforedraggedhimselfintoanAtlantadrugstoreandaskedforadoolopofCola-Cola.Druggistscustomarilystirredateaspoonfulofsyrupintoaglassofwater,butinthisinstancethemanondutywastoolazytowalktothefresh-watertap,acoupleoffeetoff.Instead,hemixedthesyrupwithsomesodawater,whichwascloserathand.Thesufferingcustomerperkedupalmostatonce,andwordquicklyspreadthatthebestCoca-Colawasafizzyone.64.WhatdosethepassagetellusaboutJohnStythPemberton?A.HewashighlyrespectedbyAtlantansB.Heranadrugstorethatalsosellswine.C.HehadbeenadoctoruntiltheCivilWar.D.Hemadealotofmoneywithhispharmacy.62.WhichofthefollowingwasuniquetoFrankM.Robinson,workingwiththePembertonsCompany?A.SkillstomakeFrenchwineB.TalentfordrawingpicturesC.Anacutesenseofsmell.D.Abilitytoworkwithnumbers.63.Whywastheyear1886sospecialtoPemberton?A.HetooktodoingajoblikeSherlockHolmessB.Hebroughtaquiteprofitableproductintobeing.C.HeobservedthefoundingceremonyofStatueofLiberty.D.HewasawardedbyCoca-Colaforhiscontribution64.OnemodificationmadeofFrenchWineCocaformulawas_A.usedbeerbottleswerechosenascontainersB.theamountofcaffeineinitwasincreasedC.itwasblendedwithoilsinsteadofwaterD.Colanutextractwasaddedtotaste65.Accordingtothepassage,Coca-Colawasinthefirstplacepreparedespeciallyfor_A.theyoungasasoftdrinkB.areplacementofFrenchWineCocaC.thereliefofahangoverD.acureforthecommonheadache66.Thelastparagraphmainlytells_A.thecomplaintagainstthelazyshop-assistantB.arealtestofCoca-colaasaheadachecureC.themediocreserviceofthedrugstoreD.ahappyaccidentthatgavebirthtoCoca-ColaPassage2Between1833and1837,thepublishersofa“pennypress”provedthatalow-pricedpaper,editedtointerestordinarypeople,couldwinwhatamountedtoamasscirculationforthetimesandtherebyattractanadvertisingvolumethatwouldmakeitindepende