Lecutre4-5名词名词属格.ppt

NOUN and NOUN PHRASE,Lecture 4,4.1.1 Classification,4.1.2 Function,The noun phrase can function as all the elements in a sentence except the predicate verb.,Children at play seldom remember what time it is.,In the hall I saw some extremely valuable pictures.,They elected him chairman of the board.,Children,play,time,subject,prepositional complementation,subject complement,hall,pictures,object,chairman,board,object complement,Mr Brown, director of the coal mine, should be responsible for the accident.,He returned last night.,A photo is taken each time this button is pushed.,conjunction,adverbial,appositive,director of the coal mine,last night,each time,4.2 Number Forms of Nouns,EX. 4C,4.3 Partitives (Unit Nouns),4.3.1 General partitives 4.3.2 Partitives related to the Shape of Things 4.3.3 Partitives related to volume 4.3.4 Partitives related to the state of action 4.3.5 Partitives denoting pairs, groups, flocks,1) General Partitives:,With noncount nouns the expression of quantity can be achieved by means of certain general partitives, particularly piece, bit, article, and item, followed by an of- phrase,piece : 一 片/ 块/ 张/ 段/ 枝/ 个/ 幅/ 项/ 件 (文 艺 作 品 的) 部, 篇, 首, 幅, 出, 支,bit: 小块, 少量,piece and bit are very general words and can be used with most uncountable nouns,article: 一件, 一种(物品; 物件; 商品) 一条， 一项（项目 , 条款,）,item: 一件，一则, 一条（项目, 条款，消息，情报）,There are partitives that are semantically related to the shape of things and whose power of collocation is, therefore, quite limited,2) Partitives Related to the Shape of Things,cake 块,bar 条,drop 滴,ear 穗,flight 群 (飞着的鸟) 段 (阶梯),grain 粒,head 花冠,穗(植物，蔬菜) 头 (牲畜),lump 块(小),spiral 盘，卷,slice 片,bundle 捆，束，包,loaf 条，块 (面包),3) Partitives Related to Volume,A third class of partitives are those that are semantically related to volume, and all of which are common nouns. They can freely collocate with related nonount nouns,bottle 瓶,bowl 碗,pail 桶,bucket 桶,glass 杯,cup 杯,handful 把,spoonful 匙,truckload 一货车的容量,lorryload 一卡车载量,4) Partitives Related to the State of Action,The use of these partitives is limited to certain set phrases,a fit of 一阵 (情绪，病痛的发作；，声音),a peal of 一阵 (声音),a flash of 一线/ 闪/ 道,a display of 的显示，展示,5) Partitives Denoting Pairs, Groups, Flocks,These partitives commonly occur with plural count nouns,a pair of a group of a flock of a herd of a litter of a swarm of,一双，对,一群(人、虫、兽等),一群,兽群, 牧群,一窝,一群昆虫，人，动物,a bench of a troupe of a pack of a shoal of a school of a gang of,一席，全体（法官）,一团，班，伙（演员）,一群（野兽，猎犬）一帮/伙人（贬）,一群（鱼）,一群, 队(鱼，水族动物),一队（工人），一群（囚犯）一帮（歹徒）,5) Partitives Denoting Pairs, Groups, Flocks,EX. 4D 4E,Genitive Noun,Lecture 5,Case as a General Term,Case is a grammatical category that can express a number of different relationships between nominal elements. The genitive was traditionally labeled as the “possessive case”.,Possessive Genitive (所有):,The central use of the genitive, is to express possession Mr. Johnsons passport has a passport the earths gravity the earth has a certain gravity,Subjective Genitive (主谓),the boys application the boy applied for () her parents consent the parents consented,the boys release,The criminals punishment,The boy was released.,Sb released the boy,The criminal was punished., Sb punished the criminal.,Objective Genitive (动宾),Genitive of Origin (来源),the girls story the girl told a story the generals letter the general wrote a letter a letter from the general,Genitive of Origin (来源),I havent received my sisters letter yet. a letter from my sister Newtons law was developed in the 17th century. Newton discovered the law,6. Genitive of time distance measure value weight building family shop culture art transport science industry city country institution ,two hours delay,300 kilometers distance,50 kilograms weight,trucks wheel,the novels plot,the factorys output,sciences contribution to civilization,the